Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): W. Schallig, J. van den Noort, J. McCahill, M. Maas, J. Harlaar, M. van der Krogt
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Σάββατο 30 Ιουνίου 2018
O 066 - Kinematic comparison of the Oxford Foot Model and Rizzoli Foot Model during voluntary equinus and crouch gait in healthy adults
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): W. Schallig, J. van den Noort, J. McCahill, M. Maas, J. Harlaar, M. van der Krogt
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Walking combined with reach-to-grasp while crossing obstacles at different distances
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 65
Author(s): Natalia Madalena Rinaldi, Jongil Lim, Joseph Hamill, Richard Van Emmerik, Renato Moraes
BackgroundObstacle avoidance and object prehension occur regularly in real-world environments (walking up/down steps and opening a door). However, it is not known how walking and prehension change when there is an increase in the level of difficulty of the walking task.Research questionWe investigated the changes in walking and reach-tograsp when performing these two motor skills concomitantly in the presence of an obstacle on the ground positioned in different locations in relation to the object-to-be-grasped.MethodsFifteen young adults walked and grasped a dowel placed on a support with the obstacle positioned at the step before (N-1), during (N) and after (N + 1) the prehension task.ResultsThe prehension task did not affect leading limb obstacle negotiation. Toe clearance and maximum toe elevation were lesser at obstacle position N + 1 than at obstacle position N-1 when combining grasping and obstacle-crossing task for the trailing limb. Step width increased in the presence of the obstacle-crossing task independent of obstacle location. The correlation between foot position before the obstacle and toe clearance revealed that the addition of the prehension task disrupted the relationship between these variables for the trailing limb. Foot placement and limb elevation were unaffected by the prehension task. The reaching component was unaffected by the increased level of difficulty of the walking task. The grasping component was affected by the increased level of difficulty of the walking task, as the time to peak grip aperture occurred earlier in the presence of the obstacle at position N, and may indicate a cautious strategy to grasp the dowel successfully.SignificanceOur results showed that prospective control is affected after the prehension since the attention to grasping may have impaired the acquisition of visual information for planning the trailing limb elevation.
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Motion analysis evaluation of adolescent athletes during dual-task walking following a concussion: A multicenter study
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Matthew J. Solomito, Regina O. Kostyun, Yen-Hsun Wu, Nicole M. Mueske, Tishya A.L. Wren, Li-Shan Chou, Sylvia Ounpuu
BackgroundResearch suggests that dynamic balance in adolescents is compromised following concussion and may worsen if patients return to sport (RTS) too soon. Understanding if there are ongoing dynamic balance deficits in adolescents at the time of RTS clearance would determine if more complex motor tasks are necessary to facilitate safe RTS decisions.Research questionThe purpose of this study was to determine if there were remaining dynamic balance deficits in concussed adolescents at the time of clearance for RTS.MethodsSixteen concussed adolescent athletes (age 14.6 ± 1.8 years; 9 males; 57 ± 46 days post injury) performed a simple walking task as well as two split attention gait tasks (reciting months backwards and audio Stroop). The center of mass (COM) movement and walking velocity during these tasks was compared to a control group of 15 healthy non-concussed adolescent athletes (age 13.8 ± 1.4 years; 9 male).ResultsThe results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for any of the tasks. Height-normalized walking speed did not differ between groups during walking alone (control: 0.757 ± 0.119, concussed: 0.739 ± 0.108, p = 0.34), with the recitation task (control: 0.555 ± 0.095, concussed: 0.557 ± 0.143, p = 0.72), or with the Stroop task (control: 0.589 ± 0.129, concussed: 0.567 ± 0.141, p = 0.43). Similarly, height-normalized medial-lateral COM displacement did not differ between groups during walking alone (control: 0.027 ± 0.007, concussed: 0.028 ± 0.007, p = 0.98, with the recitation task (control: 0.037 ± 0.012, concussed: 0.0.037 ± 0.016, p = 0.82), or with the Stroop task (control: 0.032 ± 0.014, concussed: 0.033 ± 0.009, p = 0.891).SignificanceThese findings indicate that the patients were returned to sport when their dynamic balance was similar to controls suggesting that this cohort had recovered from their concussion. However, large variability in dynamic balance measures in both the patient and control groups may reflect ongoing neuromuscular development and requires further exploration.
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Editorial: Avoid being tripped up by statistics: Statistical guidance for a successful research paper
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): John Prescott Robin
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Estimation of muscle activation during different walking speeds with two mathematical approaches compared to surface EMG
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ursula Trinler, Fabien Leboeuf, Kristen Hollands, Richard Jones, Richard Baker
BackgroundMuscle force estimation could improve clinical gait analysis by enhancing insight into causes of impairments and informing targeted treatments. However, it is not currently standard practice to use muscle force models to augment clinical gait analysis, partly, because robust validations of estimated muscle activations, underpinning force modelling processes, against recorded electromyography (EMG) are lacking.Research QuestionTherefore, in order to facilitate future clinical use, this study sought to validate estimated lower limb muscle activation using two mathematical models (static optimisation SO, computed muscle control CMC) against recorded muscle activations of ten healthy participants.MethodsParticipants walked at five speeds. Visual agreement in activation onset and offset as well as linear correlation (r) and mean absolute error (MAE) between models and EMG were evaluated.ResultsMAE between measured and recorded activations were variable across speeds (SO vs EMG 15–68%, CMC vs EMG 13–69%). Slower speeds resulted in smaller deviations (mean MAE < 30%) than faster speeds. Correlation was high (r > 0.5) for only 11/40 (CMC) and 6/40 (SO) conditions (muscles X speeds) compared to EMG.SignificanceModelling approaches do not yet show sufficient consistency of agreement between estimated and recorded muscle activation to support recommending immediate clinical adoption of muscle force modelling. This may be because assumptions underlying muscle activation estimations (e.g. muscles’ anatomy and maximum voluntary contraction) are not yet sufficiently individualizable. Future research needs to find timely and cost efficient ways to scale musculoskeletal models for better individualisation to facilitate future clinical implementation.
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ursula Trinler, Fabien Leboeuf, Kristen Hollands, Richard Jones, Richard Baker
BackgroundMuscle force estimation could improve clinical gait analysis by enhancing insight into causes of impairments and informing targeted treatments. However, it is not currently standard practice to use muscle force models to augment clinical gait analysis, partly, because robust validations of estimated muscle activations, underpinning force modelling processes, against recorded electromyography (EMG) are lacking.Research QuestionTherefore, in order to facilitate future clinical use, this study sought to validate estimated lower limb muscle activation using two mathematical models (static optimisation SO, computed muscle control CMC) against recorded muscle activations of ten healthy participants.MethodsParticipants walked at five speeds. Visual agreement in activation onset and offset as well as linear correlation (r) and mean absolute error (MAE) between models and EMG were evaluated.ResultsMAE between measured and recorded activations were variable across speeds (SO vs EMG 15–68%, CMC vs EMG 13–69%). Slower speeds resulted in smaller deviations (mean MAE < 30%) than faster speeds. Correlation was high (r > 0.5) for only 11/40 (CMC) and 6/40 (SO) conditions (muscles X speeds) compared to EMG.SignificanceModelling approaches do not yet show sufficient consistency of agreement between estimated and recorded muscle activation to support recommending immediate clinical adoption of muscle force modelling. This may be because assumptions underlying muscle activation estimations (e.g. muscles’ anatomy and maximum voluntary contraction) are not yet sufficiently individualizable. Future research needs to find timely and cost efficient ways to scale musculoskeletal models for better individualisation to facilitate future clinical implementation.
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Carrying asymmetric loads while walking on an uneven surface
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Junsig Wang, Jason Gillette
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O 070 - Individualizing the ankle angle in an ankle-foot orthosis: Effects at the knee for children with cerebral palsy and equinus
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): K. Kane, K. Musselman, J. Lanovaz
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O 066 - Kinematic comparison of the Oxford Foot Model and Rizzoli Foot Model during voluntary equinus and crouch gait in healthy adults
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): W. Schallig, J. van den Noort, J. McCahill, M. Maas, J. Harlaar, M. van der Krogt
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2KwpAMp
via IFTTT
Walking combined with reach-to-grasp while crossing obstacles at different distances
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 65
Author(s): Natalia Madalena Rinaldi, Jongil Lim, Joseph Hamill, Richard Van Emmerik, Renato Moraes
BackgroundObstacle avoidance and object prehension occur regularly in real-world environments (walking up/down steps and opening a door). However, it is not known how walking and prehension change when there is an increase in the level of difficulty of the walking task.Research questionWe investigated the changes in walking and reach-tograsp when performing these two motor skills concomitantly in the presence of an obstacle on the ground positioned in different locations in relation to the object-to-be-grasped.MethodsFifteen young adults walked and grasped a dowel placed on a support with the obstacle positioned at the step before (N-1), during (N) and after (N + 1) the prehension task.ResultsThe prehension task did not affect leading limb obstacle negotiation. Toe clearance and maximum toe elevation were lesser at obstacle position N + 1 than at obstacle position N-1 when combining grasping and obstacle-crossing task for the trailing limb. Step width increased in the presence of the obstacle-crossing task independent of obstacle location. The correlation between foot position before the obstacle and toe clearance revealed that the addition of the prehension task disrupted the relationship between these variables for the trailing limb. Foot placement and limb elevation were unaffected by the prehension task. The reaching component was unaffected by the increased level of difficulty of the walking task. The grasping component was affected by the increased level of difficulty of the walking task, as the time to peak grip aperture occurred earlier in the presence of the obstacle at position N, and may indicate a cautious strategy to grasp the dowel successfully.SignificanceOur results showed that prospective control is affected after the prehension since the attention to grasping may have impaired the acquisition of visual information for planning the trailing limb elevation.
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Motion analysis evaluation of adolescent athletes during dual-task walking following a concussion: A multicenter study
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Matthew J. Solomito, Regina O. Kostyun, Yen-Hsun Wu, Nicole M. Mueske, Tishya A.L. Wren, Li-Shan Chou, Sylvia Ounpuu
BackgroundResearch suggests that dynamic balance in adolescents is compromised following concussion and may worsen if patients return to sport (RTS) too soon. Understanding if there are ongoing dynamic balance deficits in adolescents at the time of RTS clearance would determine if more complex motor tasks are necessary to facilitate safe RTS decisions.Research questionThe purpose of this study was to determine if there were remaining dynamic balance deficits in concussed adolescents at the time of clearance for RTS.MethodsSixteen concussed adolescent athletes (age 14.6 ± 1.8 years; 9 males; 57 ± 46 days post injury) performed a simple walking task as well as two split attention gait tasks (reciting months backwards and audio Stroop). The center of mass (COM) movement and walking velocity during these tasks was compared to a control group of 15 healthy non-concussed adolescent athletes (age 13.8 ± 1.4 years; 9 male).ResultsThe results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for any of the tasks. Height-normalized walking speed did not differ between groups during walking alone (control: 0.757 ± 0.119, concussed: 0.739 ± 0.108, p = 0.34), with the recitation task (control: 0.555 ± 0.095, concussed: 0.557 ± 0.143, p = 0.72), or with the Stroop task (control: 0.589 ± 0.129, concussed: 0.567 ± 0.141, p = 0.43). Similarly, height-normalized medial-lateral COM displacement did not differ between groups during walking alone (control: 0.027 ± 0.007, concussed: 0.028 ± 0.007, p = 0.98, with the recitation task (control: 0.037 ± 0.012, concussed: 0.0.037 ± 0.016, p = 0.82), or with the Stroop task (control: 0.032 ± 0.014, concussed: 0.033 ± 0.009, p = 0.891).SignificanceThese findings indicate that the patients were returned to sport when their dynamic balance was similar to controls suggesting that this cohort had recovered from their concussion. However, large variability in dynamic balance measures in both the patient and control groups may reflect ongoing neuromuscular development and requires further exploration.
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Editorial: Avoid being tripped up by statistics: Statistical guidance for a successful research paper
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): John Prescott Robin
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via IFTTT
Estimation of muscle activation during different walking speeds with two mathematical approaches compared to surface EMG
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ursula Trinler, Fabien Leboeuf, Kristen Hollands, Richard Jones, Richard Baker
BackgroundMuscle force estimation could improve clinical gait analysis by enhancing insight into causes of impairments and informing targeted treatments. However, it is not currently standard practice to use muscle force models to augment clinical gait analysis, partly, because robust validations of estimated muscle activations, underpinning force modelling processes, against recorded electromyography (EMG) are lacking.Research QuestionTherefore, in order to facilitate future clinical use, this study sought to validate estimated lower limb muscle activation using two mathematical models (static optimisation SO, computed muscle control CMC) against recorded muscle activations of ten healthy participants.MethodsParticipants walked at five speeds. Visual agreement in activation onset and offset as well as linear correlation (r) and mean absolute error (MAE) between models and EMG were evaluated.ResultsMAE between measured and recorded activations were variable across speeds (SO vs EMG 15–68%, CMC vs EMG 13–69%). Slower speeds resulted in smaller deviations (mean MAE < 30%) than faster speeds. Correlation was high (r > 0.5) for only 11/40 (CMC) and 6/40 (SO) conditions (muscles X speeds) compared to EMG.SignificanceModelling approaches do not yet show sufficient consistency of agreement between estimated and recorded muscle activation to support recommending immediate clinical adoption of muscle force modelling. This may be because assumptions underlying muscle activation estimations (e.g. muscles’ anatomy and maximum voluntary contraction) are not yet sufficiently individualizable. Future research needs to find timely and cost efficient ways to scale musculoskeletal models for better individualisation to facilitate future clinical implementation.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2KxnLPs
via IFTTT
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ursula Trinler, Fabien Leboeuf, Kristen Hollands, Richard Jones, Richard Baker
BackgroundMuscle force estimation could improve clinical gait analysis by enhancing insight into causes of impairments and informing targeted treatments. However, it is not currently standard practice to use muscle force models to augment clinical gait analysis, partly, because robust validations of estimated muscle activations, underpinning force modelling processes, against recorded electromyography (EMG) are lacking.Research QuestionTherefore, in order to facilitate future clinical use, this study sought to validate estimated lower limb muscle activation using two mathematical models (static optimisation SO, computed muscle control CMC) against recorded muscle activations of ten healthy participants.MethodsParticipants walked at five speeds. Visual agreement in activation onset and offset as well as linear correlation (r) and mean absolute error (MAE) between models and EMG were evaluated.ResultsMAE between measured and recorded activations were variable across speeds (SO vs EMG 15–68%, CMC vs EMG 13–69%). Slower speeds resulted in smaller deviations (mean MAE < 30%) than faster speeds. Correlation was high (r > 0.5) for only 11/40 (CMC) and 6/40 (SO) conditions (muscles X speeds) compared to EMG.SignificanceModelling approaches do not yet show sufficient consistency of agreement between estimated and recorded muscle activation to support recommending immediate clinical adoption of muscle force modelling. This may be because assumptions underlying muscle activation estimations (e.g. muscles’ anatomy and maximum voluntary contraction) are not yet sufficiently individualizable. Future research needs to find timely and cost efficient ways to scale musculoskeletal models for better individualisation to facilitate future clinical implementation.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2KxnLPs
via IFTTT
Carrying asymmetric loads while walking on an uneven surface
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Junsig Wang, Jason Gillette
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via IFTTT
O 070 - Individualizing the ankle angle in an ankle-foot orthosis: Effects at the knee for children with cerebral palsy and equinus
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): K. Kane, K. Musselman, J. Lanovaz
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via IFTTT
InnerScope Launches Marketing Campaign with New DTC Site
InnerScope Hearing Technologies (http://www.innd.com/) has kicked off its "Hearing Better in America" marketing campaign with the re-launching of its direct-to-consumer (DTC) online stores, www.nohasslehearing.com, to encourage existing and potential hearing aid users to seek out their more affordable hearing assistive products. The campaign includes educating consumers on health risks associated with living with consequences of untreated hearing loss, including increased risks of dementia and Alzheimer's, running full-page newspaper ads offering phone-in orders or directing consumers to www.hearingbenefit.com for personal sound amplifiers products or www.nohasslehearing.com for FDA-cleared hearing aid devices at factory direct pricing, and adding possible direct mail campaigns and satellite radio ads to direct traffic to the DTC websites sales platforms. InnerScope also plans to utilize online advertising and social media marketing campaigns on platforms like Google, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and more.
InnerScope said the "Hearing Better in America" campaign will not only cause a disruption in the traditional sales and delivery model within the hearing aid industry, but it will also assist in increasing the acceptance and adoption of hearing aids as a part of a person's overall health and well-being. Matthew Moore, CEO of InnerScope, said the traditional cost and inconvenience of hearing aids are just too high, but the true cost is even higher with all the documented health risks of living with untreated hearing loss. "Although InnerScope is not a substitute for hearing health care providers and the needed audiological services they provide, but when the time comes for the consumer to purchase hearing aids, InnerScope is a viable option," he said.
Published: 6/29/2018 9:12:00 AM
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InnerScope Launches Marketing Campaign with New DTC Site
InnerScope Hearing Technologies (http://www.innd.com/) has kicked off its "Hearing Better in America" marketing campaign with the re-launching of its direct-to-consumer (DTC) online stores, www.nohasslehearing.com, to encourage existing and potential hearing aid users to seek out their more affordable hearing assistive products. The campaign includes educating consumers on health risks associated with living with consequences of untreated hearing loss, including increased risks of dementia and Alzheimer's, running full-page newspaper ads offering phone-in orders or directing consumers to www.hearingbenefit.com for personal sound amplifiers products or www.nohasslehearing.com for FDA-cleared hearing aid devices at factory direct pricing, and adding possible direct mail campaigns and satellite radio ads to direct traffic to the DTC websites sales platforms. InnerScope also plans to utilize online advertising and social media marketing campaigns on platforms like Google, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and more.
InnerScope said the "Hearing Better in America" campaign will not only cause a disruption in the traditional sales and delivery model within the hearing aid industry, but it will also assist in increasing the acceptance and adoption of hearing aids as a part of a person's overall health and well-being. Matthew Moore, CEO of InnerScope, said the traditional cost and inconvenience of hearing aids are just too high, but the true cost is even higher with all the documented health risks of living with untreated hearing loss. "Although InnerScope is not a substitute for hearing health care providers and the needed audiological services they provide, but when the time comes for the consumer to purchase hearing aids, InnerScope is a viable option," he said.
Published: 6/29/2018 9:12:00 AM
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via IFTTT
InnerScope Launches Marketing Campaign with New DTC Site
InnerScope Hearing Technologies (http://www.innd.com/) has kicked off its "Hearing Better in America" marketing campaign with the re-launching of its direct-to-consumer (DTC) online stores, www.nohasslehearing.com, to encourage existing and potential hearing aid users to seek out their more affordable hearing assistive products. The campaign includes educating consumers on health risks associated with living with consequences of untreated hearing loss, including increased risks of dementia and Alzheimer's, running full-page newspaper ads offering phone-in orders or directing consumers to www.hearingbenefit.com for personal sound amplifiers products or www.nohasslehearing.com for FDA-cleared hearing aid devices at factory direct pricing, and adding possible direct mail campaigns and satellite radio ads to direct traffic to the DTC websites sales platforms. InnerScope also plans to utilize online advertising and social media marketing campaigns on platforms like Google, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and more.
InnerScope said the "Hearing Better in America" campaign will not only cause a disruption in the traditional sales and delivery model within the hearing aid industry, but it will also assist in increasing the acceptance and adoption of hearing aids as a part of a person's overall health and well-being. Matthew Moore, CEO of InnerScope, said the traditional cost and inconvenience of hearing aids are just too high, but the true cost is even higher with all the documented health risks of living with untreated hearing loss. "Although InnerScope is not a substitute for hearing health care providers and the needed audiological services they provide, but when the time comes for the consumer to purchase hearing aids, InnerScope is a viable option," he said.
Published: 6/29/2018 9:12:00 AM
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WHO Holds 3rd Stakeholders’ Consultation on Hearing Loss Prevention
On 3-4 July 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) will hold the third stakeholders' meeting for its program on prevention of deafness and hearing loss at its headquarter in Geneva, Switzerland. This meeting is an opportunity for WHO member states, professional groups, non-governmental organizations, civil society, academicians, clinicians, the private sector, and United Nations agencies to come together to address global hearing loss issues.
One of the most important of the goals for the meeting is to review the World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution on the prevention of deafness and hearing loss that was adopted in 2017. The resolution called on national governments and stakeholders to address hearing loss by raising awareness while encouraging treatment and prevention of increasingly prevalent hearing problems, particularly in underserved regions.
A major feature of this upcoming meeting will be the exploration of strategies for a global alliance on hearing loss prevention. "An alliance would have a cohesive body of stakeholders whose main purpose is to undertake advocacy and develop networks that facilitate knowledge sharing and foster opportunities for collaboration. With strong leadership, a diverse membership and sound financial backing, such an alliance would be well positioned to drive a global initiative" wrote Shelly Chadha, PhD, Alarcos Cieza, PhD, and Etienne Krug, MD, of WHO in an editorial earlier this year (Bull World Health Organ. 2018 Mar 1; 96(3):146). Dr. Chadha is the technical officer of WHO's Prevention of Deafness and Hearing Loss Division.
Other objectives for this meeting include reviewing the past year's activities in implementing the WHA resolution, exploring possibilities for resource mobilization, and planning next year's World Hearing Day observance.
The meeting's organizers expressed optimism about the benefits of coordination in helping promote greater awareness of hearing health care. "Such collaborative and determined action would enable protection of the hearing for over the billion people who are at risk, as well as allowing those who experience hearing loss to achieve their potential through equitable access to the required services and rehabilitation," Chadha, et al., concluded in their editorial.
To get updates on the WHO Stakeholders' Meeting, subscribe to our e-newsletter
To know more about the WHA resolution, read this editorial by Jackie Clark, PhD
Published: 6/28/2018 2:01:00 PM
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Female-Dominated Occupations are at High Risk for Hearing Problems
Preschool teachers and obstetric personnel are at high risk for hearing related issues, reported a new research at Sahlgrenska Academy in Sweden. The study examined the diagnostic validity of self-reported symptoms and compared the occurrence and risk of hearing-related symptoms in women working in obstetrics, preschool, and the general population. The maximum sound level in obstetrical wards was greater than 115 dBA with a corresponding increased risk of tinnitus and auditory fatigue. The study found that preschool teachers have a more than double risk of sound-induced auditory fatigue, hyperacusis, and difficulty perceiving speech.
These two occupations, preschool teachers and obstetrics care personnel, have a higher prevalence of hearing issues than occupations with similar noise levels, perhaps because of the nature of their work environments, which are typically communication-intensive. The stressful environment and the need to listen to the loud noises inherent in the work contribute to hearing problems.
"The symptoms can be triggered by the boisterous environment, and it's also difficult to use hearing protection," said Sofie Fredriksson, the study's author. Children cannot necessarily be ignored by using earplugs or other hearing protection.
In terms of the appropriate interventions, Fredriksson stressed that various strategies would be needed to address the needs of people with these jobs. "Hearing protection devices are normally the main intervention if the sound level cannot be reduced in another way, and it may be necessary if you have a child who subjects your ears to crying for a whole day during their introductory period at preschool," Fredriksson said in a press release. "But the design of the premises and room acoustics also have to be considered. In a large room with solid walls, it becomes noisy no matter how educational and strategic you are in your work," she added.
Published: 6/27/2018 11:57:00 AM
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InnerScope Launches Marketing Campaign with New DTC Site
InnerScope Hearing Technologies (http://www.innd.com/) has kicked off its "Hearing Better in America" marketing campaign with the re-launching of its direct-to-consumer (DTC) online stores, www.nohasslehearing.com, to encourage existing and potential hearing aid users to seek out their more affordable hearing assistive products. The campaign includes educating consumers on health risks associated with living with consequences of untreated hearing loss, including increased risks of dementia and Alzheimer's, running full-page newspaper ads offering phone-in orders or directing consumers to www.hearingbenefit.com for personal sound amplifiers products or www.nohasslehearing.com for FDA-cleared hearing aid devices at factory direct pricing, and adding possible direct mail campaigns and satellite radio ads to direct traffic to the DTC websites sales platforms. InnerScope also plans to utilize online advertising and social media marketing campaigns on platforms like Google, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and more.
InnerScope said the "Hearing Better in America" campaign will not only cause a disruption in the traditional sales and delivery model within the hearing aid industry, but it will also assist in increasing the acceptance and adoption of hearing aids as a part of a person's overall health and well-being. Matthew Moore, CEO of InnerScope, said the traditional cost and inconvenience of hearing aids are just too high, but the true cost is even higher with all the documented health risks of living with untreated hearing loss. "Although InnerScope is not a substitute for hearing health care providers and the needed audiological services they provide, but when the time comes for the consumer to purchase hearing aids, InnerScope is a viable option," he said.
Published: 6/29/2018 9:12:00 AM
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via IFTTT
WHO Holds 3rd Stakeholders’ Consultation on Hearing Loss Prevention
On 3-4 July 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) will hold the third stakeholders' meeting for its program on prevention of deafness and hearing loss at its headquarter in Geneva, Switzerland. This meeting is an opportunity for WHO member states, professional groups, non-governmental organizations, civil society, academicians, clinicians, the private sector, and United Nations agencies to come together to address global hearing loss issues.
One of the most important of the goals for the meeting is to review the World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution on the prevention of deafness and hearing loss that was adopted in 2017. The resolution called on national governments and stakeholders to address hearing loss by raising awareness while encouraging treatment and prevention of increasingly prevalent hearing problems, particularly in underserved regions.
A major feature of this upcoming meeting will be the exploration of strategies for a global alliance on hearing loss prevention. "An alliance would have a cohesive body of stakeholders whose main purpose is to undertake advocacy and develop networks that facilitate knowledge sharing and foster opportunities for collaboration. With strong leadership, a diverse membership and sound financial backing, such an alliance would be well positioned to drive a global initiative" wrote Shelly Chadha, PhD, Alarcos Cieza, PhD, and Etienne Krug, MD, of WHO in an editorial earlier this year (Bull World Health Organ. 2018 Mar 1; 96(3):146). Dr. Chadha is the technical officer of WHO's Prevention of Deafness and Hearing Loss Division.
Other objectives for this meeting include reviewing the past year's activities in implementing the WHA resolution, exploring possibilities for resource mobilization, and planning next year's World Hearing Day observance.
The meeting's organizers expressed optimism about the benefits of coordination in helping promote greater awareness of hearing health care. "Such collaborative and determined action would enable protection of the hearing for over the billion people who are at risk, as well as allowing those who experience hearing loss to achieve their potential through equitable access to the required services and rehabilitation," Chadha, et al., concluded in their editorial.
To get updates on the WHO Stakeholders' Meeting, subscribe to our e-newsletter
To know more about the WHA resolution, read this editorial by Jackie Clark, PhD
Published: 6/28/2018 2:01:00 PM
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via IFTTT
Female-Dominated Occupations are at High Risk for Hearing Problems
Preschool teachers and obstetric personnel are at high risk for hearing related issues, reported a new research at Sahlgrenska Academy in Sweden. The study examined the diagnostic validity of self-reported symptoms and compared the occurrence and risk of hearing-related symptoms in women working in obstetrics, preschool, and the general population. The maximum sound level in obstetrical wards was greater than 115 dBA with a corresponding increased risk of tinnitus and auditory fatigue. The study found that preschool teachers have a more than double risk of sound-induced auditory fatigue, hyperacusis, and difficulty perceiving speech.
These two occupations, preschool teachers and obstetrics care personnel, have a higher prevalence of hearing issues than occupations with similar noise levels, perhaps because of the nature of their work environments, which are typically communication-intensive. The stressful environment and the need to listen to the loud noises inherent in the work contribute to hearing problems.
"The symptoms can be triggered by the boisterous environment, and it's also difficult to use hearing protection," said Sofie Fredriksson, the study's author. Children cannot necessarily be ignored by using earplugs or other hearing protection.
In terms of the appropriate interventions, Fredriksson stressed that various strategies would be needed to address the needs of people with these jobs. "Hearing protection devices are normally the main intervention if the sound level cannot be reduced in another way, and it may be necessary if you have a child who subjects your ears to crying for a whole day during their introductory period at preschool," Fredriksson said in a press release. "But the design of the premises and room acoustics also have to be considered. In a large room with solid walls, it becomes noisy no matter how educational and strategic you are in your work," she added.
Published: 6/27/2018 11:57:00 AM
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Παρασκευή 29 Ιουνίου 2018
O 020 - Is the ipsilateral improvement of the transverse kinematics correlated with the unilateral femoral derotation angle in patients with cerebral plasy?
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): E. Desailly, A. Badina, N. Khouri
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O 020 - Is the ipsilateral improvement of the transverse kinematics correlated with the unilateral femoral derotation angle in patients with cerebral plasy?
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): E. Desailly, A. Badina, N. Khouri
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Familiarity with social sounds alters c-Fos expression in auditory cortex and interacts with estradiol in locus coeruleus
Publication date: Available online 28 June 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Amielle Moreno, Ankita Gumaste, Geoff K. Adams, Kelly K. Chong, Michael Nguyen, Kathryn N. Shepard, Robert C. Liu
When a social sound category initially gains behavioral significance to an animal, plasticity events presumably enhance the ability of that sound category's recognition in the future. In the context of learning natural social stimuli, neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and estrogen have been associated with experience-dependent plasticity and processing of newly salient social cues, yet continued plasticity once stimuli are familiar could disrupt the stability of sensorineural representations. Here we employed a maternal mouse model of natural sensory cortical plasticity for infant vocalizations to ask whether the engagement of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) by the playback of pup-calls is affected by either prior experience with the sounds or estrogen availability, using a well-studied cellular activity and plasticity marker, the immediate early gene c-Fos. We counted call-induced c-Fos immunoreactive (c-Fos-IR) cells in both LC and physiologically validated fields within the auditory cortex (AC) of estradiol or blank-implanted virgin female mice with either 0 or 5-days prior experience caring for vocalizing pups. Estradiol and pup experience interacted both in the induction of c-Fos-IR in the LC, as well as in behavioral measures of locomotion during playback, consistent with the neuromodulatory center's activity being an online reflection of both hormonal and experience-dependent influences on arousal. Throughout core AC, as well as in a high frequency sub-region of AC and in secondary AC, a main effect of pup experience was to reduce call-induced c-Fos-IR, irrespective of estradiol availability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sound familiarity leads to less c-Fos-mediated plasticity, and less disrupted sensory representations of a meaningful call category. Taken together, our data support the view that any coupling between these sensory and neuromodulatory areas is situationally dependent, and their engagement depends differentially on both internal state factors like hormones and external state factors like prior experience.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Amielle Moreno, Ankita Gumaste, Geoff K. Adams, Kelly K. Chong, Michael Nguyen, Kathryn N. Shepard, Robert C. Liu
When a social sound category initially gains behavioral significance to an animal, plasticity events presumably enhance the ability of that sound category's recognition in the future. In the context of learning natural social stimuli, neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and estrogen have been associated with experience-dependent plasticity and processing of newly salient social cues, yet continued plasticity once stimuli are familiar could disrupt the stability of sensorineural representations. Here we employed a maternal mouse model of natural sensory cortical plasticity for infant vocalizations to ask whether the engagement of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) by the playback of pup-calls is affected by either prior experience with the sounds or estrogen availability, using a well-studied cellular activity and plasticity marker, the immediate early gene c-Fos. We counted call-induced c-Fos immunoreactive (c-Fos-IR) cells in both LC and physiologically validated fields within the auditory cortex (AC) of estradiol or blank-implanted virgin female mice with either 0 or 5-days prior experience caring for vocalizing pups. Estradiol and pup experience interacted both in the induction of c-Fos-IR in the LC, as well as in behavioral measures of locomotion during playback, consistent with the neuromodulatory center's activity being an online reflection of both hormonal and experience-dependent influences on arousal. Throughout core AC, as well as in a high frequency sub-region of AC and in secondary AC, a main effect of pup experience was to reduce call-induced c-Fos-IR, irrespective of estradiol availability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sound familiarity leads to less c-Fos-mediated plasticity, and less disrupted sensory representations of a meaningful call category. Taken together, our data support the view that any coupling between these sensory and neuromodulatory areas is situationally dependent, and their engagement depends differentially on both internal state factors like hormones and external state factors like prior experience.
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Local Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear: Principles, Practice, and Future Challenges
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Stefan K. Plontke, Alec N. Salt
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Familiarity with social sounds alters c-Fos expression in auditory cortex and interacts with estradiol in locus coeruleus
Publication date: Available online 28 June 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Amielle Moreno, Ankita Gumaste, Geoff K. Adams, Kelly K. Chong, Michael Nguyen, Kathryn N. Shepard, Robert C. Liu
When a social sound category initially gains behavioral significance to an animal, plasticity events presumably enhance the ability of that sound category's recognition in the future. In the context of learning natural social stimuli, neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and estrogen have been associated with experience-dependent plasticity and processing of newly salient social cues, yet continued plasticity once stimuli are familiar could disrupt the stability of sensorineural representations. Here we employed a maternal mouse model of natural sensory cortical plasticity for infant vocalizations to ask whether the engagement of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) by the playback of pup-calls is affected by either prior experience with the sounds or estrogen availability, using a well-studied cellular activity and plasticity marker, the immediate early gene c-Fos. We counted call-induced c-Fos immunoreactive (c-Fos-IR) cells in both LC and physiologically validated fields within the auditory cortex (AC) of estradiol or blank-implanted virgin female mice with either 0 or 5-days prior experience caring for vocalizing pups. Estradiol and pup experience interacted both in the induction of c-Fos-IR in the LC, as well as in behavioral measures of locomotion during playback, consistent with the neuromodulatory center's activity being an online reflection of both hormonal and experience-dependent influences on arousal. Throughout core AC, as well as in a high frequency sub-region of AC and in secondary AC, a main effect of pup experience was to reduce call-induced c-Fos-IR, irrespective of estradiol availability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sound familiarity leads to less c-Fos-mediated plasticity, and less disrupted sensory representations of a meaningful call category. Taken together, our data support the view that any coupling between these sensory and neuromodulatory areas is situationally dependent, and their engagement depends differentially on both internal state factors like hormones and external state factors like prior experience.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Amielle Moreno, Ankita Gumaste, Geoff K. Adams, Kelly K. Chong, Michael Nguyen, Kathryn N. Shepard, Robert C. Liu
When a social sound category initially gains behavioral significance to an animal, plasticity events presumably enhance the ability of that sound category's recognition in the future. In the context of learning natural social stimuli, neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and estrogen have been associated with experience-dependent plasticity and processing of newly salient social cues, yet continued plasticity once stimuli are familiar could disrupt the stability of sensorineural representations. Here we employed a maternal mouse model of natural sensory cortical plasticity for infant vocalizations to ask whether the engagement of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) by the playback of pup-calls is affected by either prior experience with the sounds or estrogen availability, using a well-studied cellular activity and plasticity marker, the immediate early gene c-Fos. We counted call-induced c-Fos immunoreactive (c-Fos-IR) cells in both LC and physiologically validated fields within the auditory cortex (AC) of estradiol or blank-implanted virgin female mice with either 0 or 5-days prior experience caring for vocalizing pups. Estradiol and pup experience interacted both in the induction of c-Fos-IR in the LC, as well as in behavioral measures of locomotion during playback, consistent with the neuromodulatory center's activity being an online reflection of both hormonal and experience-dependent influences on arousal. Throughout core AC, as well as in a high frequency sub-region of AC and in secondary AC, a main effect of pup experience was to reduce call-induced c-Fos-IR, irrespective of estradiol availability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sound familiarity leads to less c-Fos-mediated plasticity, and less disrupted sensory representations of a meaningful call category. Taken together, our data support the view that any coupling between these sensory and neuromodulatory areas is situationally dependent, and their engagement depends differentially on both internal state factors like hormones and external state factors like prior experience.
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Local Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear: Principles, Practice, and Future Challenges
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Stefan K. Plontke, Alec N. Salt
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Πέμπτη 28 Ιουνίου 2018
P 102 - Clinical and biomechanical predictive factors of patellofemoral pain differ according to the quality of lower limb alignment
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Rabelo N., dos Reis A., Soares A., Delgado L., Novello A., Lucareli P.
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Dynamic spasticity determines hamstring length and knee flexion angle during gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ja Young Choi, Eun Sook Park, Dongho Park, Dong-wook Rha
BackgroundPrevious researchers reported that popliteal angle did not correlate well with knee angle during gait in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy (CP).Research questionTo determine if hamstring spasticity, as measured by Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) at rest, is associated with knee flexion angle at initial contact and midstance during gait.MethodsThirty ambulatory children (mean age 8.7 ± 2.4 years) diagnosed with spastic CP participated. The hamstrings’ spasticity was assessed in the supine position with the MTS, measuring R1 (muscle reaction to passive fast stretch), R2 (passive range of motion), and R2-R1 (dynamic component of spasticity). We conducted 3-dimensional computerized gait analysis and calculated semimembranosus muscle-tendon length and lengthening velocity during gait using musculoskeletal modeling and inverse kinematic analysis by OpenSim. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to estimate the association of MTS with biomechanical parameters during gait.ResultsKnee flexion angle at initial contact and maximal knee extension angle during stance phase significantly positively correlated with both R1 and ㅣR2 - R1ㅣ of MTS, but not with R2 angle. The length of semimembranosus at initial contact, end of swing, and minimal length during stance phase were strongly negatively associated with R1, rather than R2 or ㅣR2 - R1ㅣ angles.SignificanceThe R1 angle of MTS (muscle reaction to passive fast stretch) is more relevant correlate of knee flexion angle during gait than the R2 (passive range of motion).
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O 043 – Mechanics of spastic semitendinosus altered by intermuscular interactions elevate its contribution to pathological resistance against knee extension during gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C.S. Kaya, F. Bilgili, N.E. Akalan, Y. Temelli, F. Ates, C.A. Yucesoy
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O 072 - Biomechanical effects of rocker shoes on the plantar fascia in healthy adults and patients with plantar fasciitis
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C. Greve, R. Dekker, K. Postema, J. Hijmans
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O 016 - Investigating the Roll-over Shape in children with Cerebral Palsy walking with and without Ankle Foot Orthoses
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Y. Kerkum, H. Houdijk, A. Buizer, M. Brehm, J. Harlaar
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O 015 – Frontal plane adaptations in prosthetic feet for locomotion on uneven ground
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): M. Ernst, B. Altenburg, H. Gerke, T. Schmalz
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O 081 - Diagnostic value of the Duncan Ely test for assessing abnormal activity of the Rectus femoris during gait in stroke patients
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): M. Tenniglo, M. Nederhand, L. Schaake, E. Prinsen, J. Buurke
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P 019 - The effect of simulated leg length discrepancy on lower limb biomechanics during gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): S. Khamis, E. Carmeli
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P 102 - Clinical and biomechanical predictive factors of patellofemoral pain differ according to the quality of lower limb alignment
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Rabelo N., dos Reis A., Soares A., Delgado L., Novello A., Lucareli P.
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Dynamic spasticity determines hamstring length and knee flexion angle during gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 64
Author(s): Ja Young Choi, Eun Sook Park, Dongho Park, Dong-wook Rha
BackgroundPrevious researchers reported that popliteal angle did not correlate well with knee angle during gait in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy (CP).Research questionTo determine if hamstring spasticity, as measured by Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) at rest, is associated with knee flexion angle at initial contact and midstance during gait.MethodsThirty ambulatory children (mean age 8.7 ± 2.4 years) diagnosed with spastic CP participated. The hamstrings’ spasticity was assessed in the supine position with the MTS, measuring R1 (muscle reaction to passive fast stretch), R2 (passive range of motion), and R2-R1 (dynamic component of spasticity). We conducted 3-dimensional computerized gait analysis and calculated semimembranosus muscle-tendon length and lengthening velocity during gait using musculoskeletal modeling and inverse kinematic analysis by OpenSim. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to estimate the association of MTS with biomechanical parameters during gait.ResultsKnee flexion angle at initial contact and maximal knee extension angle during stance phase significantly positively correlated with both R1 and ㅣR2 - R1ㅣ of MTS, but not with R2 angle. The length of semimembranosus at initial contact, end of swing, and minimal length during stance phase were strongly negatively associated with R1, rather than R2 or ㅣR2 - R1ㅣ angles.SignificanceThe R1 angle of MTS (muscle reaction to passive fast stretch) is more relevant correlate of knee flexion angle during gait than the R2 (passive range of motion).
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O 043 – Mechanics of spastic semitendinosus altered by intermuscular interactions elevate its contribution to pathological resistance against knee extension during gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C.S. Kaya, F. Bilgili, N.E. Akalan, Y. Temelli, F. Ates, C.A. Yucesoy
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O 072 - Biomechanical effects of rocker shoes on the plantar fascia in healthy adults and patients with plantar fasciitis
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C. Greve, R. Dekker, K. Postema, J. Hijmans
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O 016 - Investigating the Roll-over Shape in children with Cerebral Palsy walking with and without Ankle Foot Orthoses
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Y. Kerkum, H. Houdijk, A. Buizer, M. Brehm, J. Harlaar
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via IFTTT
O 015 – Frontal plane adaptations in prosthetic feet for locomotion on uneven ground
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): M. Ernst, B. Altenburg, H. Gerke, T. Schmalz
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O 081 - Diagnostic value of the Duncan Ely test for assessing abnormal activity of the Rectus femoris during gait in stroke patients
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): M. Tenniglo, M. Nederhand, L. Schaake, E. Prinsen, J. Buurke
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P 019 - The effect of simulated leg length discrepancy on lower limb biomechanics during gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): S. Khamis, E. Carmeli
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Electric and acoustic harmonic integration predicts speech-in-noise performance in hybrid cochlear implant users
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Damien Bonnard, Adam Schwalje, Bruce Gantz, Inyong Choi
BackgroundPitch perception of complex tones relies on place or temporal fine structure-based mechanisms from resolved harmonics and the temporal envelope of unresolved harmonics. Combining this information is essential for speech-in-noise performance, as it allows segregation of a target speaker from background noise. In hybrid cochlear implant (H-CI) users, low frequency acoustic hearing should provide pitch from resolved harmonics while high frequency electric hearing should provide temporal envelope pitch from unresolved harmonics. How the acoustic and electric auditory inputs interact for H-CI users is largely unknown. Harmonicity and inharmonicity are emergent features of sound in which overtones are concordant or discordant with the fundamental frequency. We hypothesized that some H-CI users would be able to integrate acoustic and electric information for complex tone pitch perception, and that this ability would be correlated with speech-in-noise performance. In this study, we used perception of inharmonicity to demonstrate this integration.MethodsFifteen H-CI users with only acoustic hearing below 500 Hz, only electric hearing above 2 kHz, and more than 6 months CI experience, along with eighteen normal hearing (NH) controls, were presented with harmonic and inharmonic sounds. The stimulus was created with a low frequency component, corresponding with the H-CI user's acoustic hearing (fundamental frequency between 125 and 174 Hz), and a high frequency component, corresponding with electric hearing. Subjects were asked to identify the more inharmonic sound, which requires the perceptual integration of the low and high components. Speech-in-noise performance was tested in both groups using the California Consonant Test (CCT), and perception of Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) words in quiet and AzBio sentences in noise were tested for the H-CI users.ResultsEight of the H-CI subjects (53%), and all of the NH subjects, scored significantly above chance level for at least one subset of the inharmonicity detection task. Inharmonicity detection ability, but not age or pure tone average, predicted speech scores in a linear model. These results were significantly correlated with speech scores in both quiet and noise for H-CI users, but not with speech in noise performance for NH listeners. Musical experience predicted inharmonicity detection ability, but did not predict speech performance.ConclusionsWe demonstrate integration of acoustic and electric information in H-CI users for complex pitch sensation. The correlation with speech scores in H-CI users might be associated with the ability to segregate a target speaker from background noise using the speaker's fundamental frequency.
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Anatomical Basis of Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): R. Glueckert, L. Johnson Chacko, H. Rask-Andersen, L. Wei, S. Handschuh, A. Schrott-Fischer
The isolated anatomical position and blood-labyrinth barrier hampers systemic drug delivery to the mammalian inner ear. Intratympanic placement of drugs and permeation via the round- and oval window are established methods for local pharmaceutical treatment. Mechanisms of drug uptake and pathways for distribution within the inner ear are hard to predict. The complex microanatomy with fluid-filled spaces separated by tight- and leaky barriers compose various compartments that connect via active and passive transport mechanisms. Here we provide a review on the inner ear architecture at light- and electron microscopy level, relevant for drug delivery. Focus is laid on the human inner ear architecture. Some new data add information on the human inner ear fluid spaces generated with high resolution micro-computed tomography at 15μm resolution. Perilymphatic spaces are connected with the central modiolus by active transport mechanisms of mesothelial cells that provide access to spiral ganglion neurons. Reports on leaky barriers between scala tympani and the so-called Cortilymph compartment likely open the best path for hair cell targeting. The complex barrier system of tight junction proteins such as occludins, claudins and tricellulin isolates the endolymphatic space for most drugs. Comparison of relevant differences of barriers, target cells and cell types involved in drug spread between main animal models and humans shall provide some translational aspects for inner ear drug applications.
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via IFTTT
Electric and acoustic harmonic integration predicts speech-in-noise performance in hybrid cochlear implant users
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Damien Bonnard, Adam Schwalje, Bruce Gantz, Inyong Choi
BackgroundPitch perception of complex tones relies on place or temporal fine structure-based mechanisms from resolved harmonics and the temporal envelope of unresolved harmonics. Combining this information is essential for speech-in-noise performance, as it allows segregation of a target speaker from background noise. In hybrid cochlear implant (H-CI) users, low frequency acoustic hearing should provide pitch from resolved harmonics while high frequency electric hearing should provide temporal envelope pitch from unresolved harmonics. How the acoustic and electric auditory inputs interact for H-CI users is largely unknown. Harmonicity and inharmonicity are emergent features of sound in which overtones are concordant or discordant with the fundamental frequency. We hypothesized that some H-CI users would be able to integrate acoustic and electric information for complex tone pitch perception, and that this ability would be correlated with speech-in-noise performance. In this study, we used perception of inharmonicity to demonstrate this integration.MethodsFifteen H-CI users with only acoustic hearing below 500 Hz, only electric hearing above 2 kHz, and more than 6 months CI experience, along with eighteen normal hearing (NH) controls, were presented with harmonic and inharmonic sounds. The stimulus was created with a low frequency component, corresponding with the H-CI user's acoustic hearing (fundamental frequency between 125 and 174 Hz), and a high frequency component, corresponding with electric hearing. Subjects were asked to identify the more inharmonic sound, which requires the perceptual integration of the low and high components. Speech-in-noise performance was tested in both groups using the California Consonant Test (CCT), and perception of Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) words in quiet and AzBio sentences in noise were tested for the H-CI users.ResultsEight of the H-CI subjects (53%), and all of the NH subjects, scored significantly above chance level for at least one subset of the inharmonicity detection task. Inharmonicity detection ability, but not age or pure tone average, predicted speech scores in a linear model. These results were significantly correlated with speech scores in both quiet and noise for H-CI users, but not with speech in noise performance for NH listeners. Musical experience predicted inharmonicity detection ability, but did not predict speech performance.ConclusionsWe demonstrate integration of acoustic and electric information in H-CI users for complex pitch sensation. The correlation with speech scores in H-CI users might be associated with the ability to segregate a target speaker from background noise using the speaker's fundamental frequency.
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Anatomical Basis of Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): R. Glueckert, L. Johnson Chacko, H. Rask-Andersen, L. Wei, S. Handschuh, A. Schrott-Fischer
The isolated anatomical position and blood-labyrinth barrier hampers systemic drug delivery to the mammalian inner ear. Intratympanic placement of drugs and permeation via the round- and oval window are established methods for local pharmaceutical treatment. Mechanisms of drug uptake and pathways for distribution within the inner ear are hard to predict. The complex microanatomy with fluid-filled spaces separated by tight- and leaky barriers compose various compartments that connect via active and passive transport mechanisms. Here we provide a review on the inner ear architecture at light- and electron microscopy level, relevant for drug delivery. Focus is laid on the human inner ear architecture. Some new data add information on the human inner ear fluid spaces generated with high resolution micro-computed tomography at 15μm resolution. Perilymphatic spaces are connected with the central modiolus by active transport mechanisms of mesothelial cells that provide access to spiral ganglion neurons. Reports on leaky barriers between scala tympani and the so-called Cortilymph compartment likely open the best path for hair cell targeting. The complex barrier system of tight junction proteins such as occludins, claudins and tricellulin isolates the endolymphatic space for most drugs. Comparison of relevant differences of barriers, target cells and cell types involved in drug spread between main animal models and humans shall provide some translational aspects for inner ear drug applications.
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Τετάρτη 27 Ιουνίου 2018
O 095 - How do postural parameters vary during gait in children with cerebral palsy? A 3D subject-specific skeletal segment registration technique
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): A. Massaad, A. ASSI, A.J. Bizdikian, F. Yared, Z. Bakouny, N. Khalil, I. Ghanem, H. Pillet, X. Bonnet, W. Skalli
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O 089 - A soft robotic exosuit assisting the paretic ankle in patients post-stroke: effect on muscle activation during overground walking
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): L. Sloot, J. Bae, L. Baker, K. O'Donnell, N. Menard, F. Porciuncula, D. Choe, T. Ellis, L. Awad, C. Walsh
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O 110 - The Mechanical Role of Rectus Femoris on Knee Kinematics in Normal Gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): R. Brunner, C. Wyss, C. Frigo
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P 006 – Determination of spatiotemporal characteristics eyes open and closed situations and its relationship between balance in patients with cervical disc herniation
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): A. Demirel, Y. Aslıyüce Özel, Ö. Ulger
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O 097 – Predictors of midfoot break in children with cerebral palsy and flatfeet
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C. Oestreich, H. Böhm, L. Döderlein, R. Rethwilm, W. Strobl, R. Oberhoffer
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O 092 - Comparison of the joint powers of lower limbs between the patients with total hip replacement and the healthy subjects
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): A. Dussekov, W. Raza, A. Graham, R. Abboud, W. Wang
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O 093 - Describing effects of reduced forefoot sensation on foot pressure distribution: Plot study
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): K. Onerge, N.E. Akalan, R. Sert, S. Kuchimov, G. Leblebici, G. Erturk, F. Bilgili
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O 086 – Can an evidence-based six week exercise treatment modify function, pain, quadriceps strength and lower limb biomechanics in running?
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): H. Greuel, L. Herrington, A. Liu, R.K. Jones
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P 003 - Gait deviations in children with Charcot-Marie Tooth’s disease and their association with muscle weakness
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): B. Callewaert, M. Goudriaan, M. Van den Hauwe, N. Goemans, G. Molenaers, K. Desloovere
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O 095 - How do postural parameters vary during gait in children with cerebral palsy? A 3D subject-specific skeletal segment registration technique
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): A. Massaad, A. ASSI, A.J. Bizdikian, F. Yared, Z. Bakouny, N. Khalil, I. Ghanem, H. Pillet, X. Bonnet, W. Skalli
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via IFTTT
O 089 - A soft robotic exosuit assisting the paretic ankle in patients post-stroke: effect on muscle activation during overground walking
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): L. Sloot, J. Bae, L. Baker, K. O'Donnell, N. Menard, F. Porciuncula, D. Choe, T. Ellis, L. Awad, C. Walsh
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O 110 - The Mechanical Role of Rectus Femoris on Knee Kinematics in Normal Gait
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): R. Brunner, C. Wyss, C. Frigo
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P 006 – Determination of spatiotemporal characteristics eyes open and closed situations and its relationship between balance in patients with cervical disc herniation
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): A. Demirel, Y. Aslıyüce Özel, Ö. Ulger
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O 097 – Predictors of midfoot break in children with cerebral palsy and flatfeet
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): C. Oestreich, H. Böhm, L. Döderlein, R. Rethwilm, W. Strobl, R. Oberhoffer
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