Publication date: Available online 14 September 2017
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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Πέμπτη 14 Σεπτεμβρίου 2017
Language experience-dependent advantage in pitch representation in the auditory cortex is limited to favorable signal-to-noise ratios
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2017
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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Language experience-dependent advantage in pitch representation in the auditory cortex is limited to favorable signal-to-noise ratios
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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Language experience-dependent advantage in pitch representation in the auditory cortex is limited to favorable signal-to-noise ratios
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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Language experience-dependent advantage in pitch representation in the auditory cortex is limited to favorable signal-to-noise ratios
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Chandan H. Suresh, Ananthanarayan Krishnan, Jackson T. Gandour
Long-term experience enhances neural representation of temporal attributes of pitch in the brainstem and auditory cortex in favorable listening conditions. Herein we examine whether cortical pitch mechanisms shaped by language experience are more resilient to degradation in background noise, and exhibit greater binaural release from masking (BRM). Cortical pitch responses (CPR) were recorded from Mandarin- and English-speaking natives using a Mandarin word exhibiting a high rising pitch (/yi2/). Stimuli were presented diotically in Quiet, and in noise at +5, and 0 dB SNR. CPRs were also recorded in binaural conditions, SONO (where signal and noise were in phase at both ears); or S0Nπ (where signal was in phase and noise 180° out of phase at each ear), using 0 dB SNR. At Fz, both groups showed increase in CPR peak latency and decrease in amplitude with increasing noise level. A language-dependent enhancement of Na–Pb amplitude (Chinese > English) was restricted to Quiet and +5 dB SNR conditions. At T7/T8 electrode sites, Chinese natives exhibited a rightward asymmetry for both CPR components. A language-dependent effect (Chinese > English) was restricted to T8. Regarding BRM, both CPR components showed greater response amplitude for the S0Nπ condition compared to S0N0 across groups. Rightward asymmetry for BRM in the Chinese group indicates experience-dependent recruitment of right auditory cortex. Restriction of the advantage in pitch representation to the quiet and +5 SNR conditions, and the absence of group differences in the binaural release from masking, suggest that language experience affords limited advantage in the neural representation of pitch-relevant information in the auditory cortex under adverse listening conditions.
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The Effect of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants on Balance During Gait.
The Effect of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants on Balance During Gait.
Otol Neurotol. 2017 Oct;38(9):1327-1332
Authors: Weaver TS, Shayman CS, Hullar TE
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS: Auditory input in people with hearing impairment will improve balance while walking.
BACKGROUND: Auditory input is increasingly recognized as an additional input for balance. Several studies have found auditory cues to improve static balance measured on a sway platform. The effect of audition on gait, a dynamic task also linked to fall risk, has not been fully examined. If a positive effect were shown between audition and balance, it would further indicate that improving hearing could also improve balance.
METHODS: Inertial sensors quantified gait parameters of 13 bilateral hearing aid users and 12 bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users with their hearing devices on and off. Outcome measures included gait velocity, stride length variability, swing time variability, and double support phase.
RESULTS: Group analysis of each of the gait outcomes showed no significant differences between the aided and unaided conditions in both the hearing aid and CI groups. Gait velocity, an outcome most strongly linked to fall risk had 95% confidence interval differences of -2.16 to 1.52 and -1.45 to 4.17 cm/s in hearing aid and CI users, respectively (aided versus unaided condition). There was considerable variation among participants with some individuals improving in all four parameters.
CONCLUSION: The overall findings were not statistically significant, however, a small subset of our population improved clinically across several outcomes. This demonstrates that audition may have a clinically beneficial effect on balance in some patients.
PMID: 28902805 [PubMed - in process]
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Using a multi-feature paradigm to measure mismatch responses to minimal sound contrasts in children with cochlear implants and hearing aids.
Using a multi-feature paradigm to measure mismatch responses to minimal sound contrasts in children with cochlear implants and hearing aids.
Scand J Psychol. 2017 Oct;58(5):409-421
Authors: Uhlén I, Engström E, Kallioinen P, Nakeva von Mentzer C, Lyxell B, Sahlén B, Lindgren M, Ors M
Abstract
Our aim was to explore whether a multi-feature paradigm (Optimum-1) for eliciting mismatch negativity (MMN) would objectively capture difficulties in perceiving small sound contrasts in children with hearing impairment (HI) listening through their hearing aids (HAs) and/or cochlear implants (CIs). Children aged 5-7 years with HAs, CIs and children with normal hearing (NH) were tested in a free-field setting using a multi-feature paradigm with deviations in pitch, intensity, gap, duration, and location. There were significant mismatch responses across all subjects that were positive (p-MMR) for the gap and pitch deviants (F(1,43) = 5.17, p = 0.028 and F(1,43) = 6.56, p = 0.014, respectively) and negative (MMN) for the duration deviant (F(1,43) = 4.74, p = 0.035). Only the intensity deviant showed a significant group interaction with MMN in the HA group and p-MMR in the CI group (F(2,43) = 3.40, p = 0.043). The p-MMR correlated negatively with age, with the strongest correlation in the NH subjects. In the CI group, the late discriminative negativity (LDN) was replaced by a late positivity with a significant group interaction for the location deviant. Children with severe HI can be assessed through their hearing device with a fast multi-feature paradigm. For further studies a multi-feature paradigm including more complex speech sounds may better capture variation in auditory processing in these children.
PMID: 28901574 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effect of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants on Balance During Gait.
The Effect of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants on Balance During Gait.
Otol Neurotol. 2017 Oct;38(9):1327-1332
Authors: Weaver TS, Shayman CS, Hullar TE
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS: Auditory input in people with hearing impairment will improve balance while walking.
BACKGROUND: Auditory input is increasingly recognized as an additional input for balance. Several studies have found auditory cues to improve static balance measured on a sway platform. The effect of audition on gait, a dynamic task also linked to fall risk, has not been fully examined. If a positive effect were shown between audition and balance, it would further indicate that improving hearing could also improve balance.
METHODS: Inertial sensors quantified gait parameters of 13 bilateral hearing aid users and 12 bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users with their hearing devices on and off. Outcome measures included gait velocity, stride length variability, swing time variability, and double support phase.
RESULTS: Group analysis of each of the gait outcomes showed no significant differences between the aided and unaided conditions in both the hearing aid and CI groups. Gait velocity, an outcome most strongly linked to fall risk had 95% confidence interval differences of -2.16 to 1.52 and -1.45 to 4.17 cm/s in hearing aid and CI users, respectively (aided versus unaided condition). There was considerable variation among participants with some individuals improving in all four parameters.
CONCLUSION: The overall findings were not statistically significant, however, a small subset of our population improved clinically across several outcomes. This demonstrates that audition may have a clinically beneficial effect on balance in some patients.
PMID: 28902805 [PubMed - in process]
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Using a multi-feature paradigm to measure mismatch responses to minimal sound contrasts in children with cochlear implants and hearing aids.
Using a multi-feature paradigm to measure mismatch responses to minimal sound contrasts in children with cochlear implants and hearing aids.
Scand J Psychol. 2017 Oct;58(5):409-421
Authors: Uhlén I, Engström E, Kallioinen P, Nakeva von Mentzer C, Lyxell B, Sahlén B, Lindgren M, Ors M
Abstract
Our aim was to explore whether a multi-feature paradigm (Optimum-1) for eliciting mismatch negativity (MMN) would objectively capture difficulties in perceiving small sound contrasts in children with hearing impairment (HI) listening through their hearing aids (HAs) and/or cochlear implants (CIs). Children aged 5-7 years with HAs, CIs and children with normal hearing (NH) were tested in a free-field setting using a multi-feature paradigm with deviations in pitch, intensity, gap, duration, and location. There were significant mismatch responses across all subjects that were positive (p-MMR) for the gap and pitch deviants (F(1,43) = 5.17, p = 0.028 and F(1,43) = 6.56, p = 0.014, respectively) and negative (MMN) for the duration deviant (F(1,43) = 4.74, p = 0.035). Only the intensity deviant showed a significant group interaction with MMN in the HA group and p-MMR in the CI group (F(2,43) = 3.40, p = 0.043). The p-MMR correlated negatively with age, with the strongest correlation in the NH subjects. In the CI group, the late discriminative negativity (LDN) was replaced by a late positivity with a significant group interaction for the location deviant. Children with severe HI can be assessed through their hearing device with a fast multi-feature paradigm. For further studies a multi-feature paradigm including more complex speech sounds may better capture variation in auditory processing in these children.
PMID: 28901574 [PubMed - in process]
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Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
| Related Articles |
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Sep 12;:1-15
Authors: Cupples L, Ching TY, Button L, Seeto M, Zhang V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L, Marnane V
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the factors influencing 5-year language, speech and everyday functioning of children with congenital hearing loss.
DESIGN: Standardised tests including PLS-4, PPVT-4 and DEAP were directly administered to children. Parent reports on language (CDI) and everyday functioning (PEACH) were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of a range of demographic variables on outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: Participants were 339 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study.
RESULTS: Children's average receptive and expressive language scores were approximately 1 SD below the mean of typically developing children, and scores on speech production and everyday functioning were more than 1 SD below. Regression models accounted for 70-23% of variance in scores across different tests. Earlier CI switch-on and higher non-verbal ability were associated with better outcomes in most domains. Earlier HA fitting and use of oral communication were associated with better outcomes on directly administered language assessments. Severity of hearing loss and maternal education influenced outcomes of children with HAs. The presence of additional disabilities affected outcomes of children with CIs.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide strong evidence for the benefits of early HA fitting and early CI for improving children's outcomes.
PMID: 28899200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
| Related Articles |
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Sep 12;:1-15
Authors: Cupples L, Ching TY, Button L, Seeto M, Zhang V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L, Marnane V
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the factors influencing 5-year language, speech and everyday functioning of children with congenital hearing loss.
DESIGN: Standardised tests including PLS-4, PPVT-4 and DEAP were directly administered to children. Parent reports on language (CDI) and everyday functioning (PEACH) were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of a range of demographic variables on outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: Participants were 339 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study.
RESULTS: Children's average receptive and expressive language scores were approximately 1 SD below the mean of typically developing children, and scores on speech production and everyday functioning were more than 1 SD below. Regression models accounted for 70-23% of variance in scores across different tests. Earlier CI switch-on and higher non-verbal ability were associated with better outcomes in most domains. Earlier HA fitting and use of oral communication were associated with better outcomes on directly administered language assessments. Severity of hearing loss and maternal education influenced outcomes of children with HAs. The presence of additional disabilities affected outcomes of children with CIs.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide strong evidence for the benefits of early HA fitting and early CI for improving children's outcomes.
PMID: 28899200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
| Related Articles |
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Sep 12;:1-15
Authors: Cupples L, Ching TY, Button L, Seeto M, Zhang V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L, Marnane V
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the factors influencing 5-year language, speech and everyday functioning of children with congenital hearing loss.
DESIGN: Standardised tests including PLS-4, PPVT-4 and DEAP were directly administered to children. Parent reports on language (CDI) and everyday functioning (PEACH) were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of a range of demographic variables on outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: Participants were 339 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study.
RESULTS: Children's average receptive and expressive language scores were approximately 1 SD below the mean of typically developing children, and scores on speech production and everyday functioning were more than 1 SD below. Regression models accounted for 70-23% of variance in scores across different tests. Earlier CI switch-on and higher non-verbal ability were associated with better outcomes in most domains. Earlier HA fitting and use of oral communication were associated with better outcomes on directly administered language assessments. Severity of hearing loss and maternal education influenced outcomes of children with HAs. The presence of additional disabilities affected outcomes of children with CIs.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide strong evidence for the benefits of early HA fitting and early CI for improving children's outcomes.
PMID: 28899200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
| Related Articles |
Spoken language and everyday functioning in 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Sep 12;:1-15
Authors: Cupples L, Ching TY, Button L, Seeto M, Zhang V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L, Marnane V
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the factors influencing 5-year language, speech and everyday functioning of children with congenital hearing loss.
DESIGN: Standardised tests including PLS-4, PPVT-4 and DEAP were directly administered to children. Parent reports on language (CDI) and everyday functioning (PEACH) were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of a range of demographic variables on outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: Participants were 339 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study.
RESULTS: Children's average receptive and expressive language scores were approximately 1 SD below the mean of typically developing children, and scores on speech production and everyday functioning were more than 1 SD below. Regression models accounted for 70-23% of variance in scores across different tests. Earlier CI switch-on and higher non-verbal ability were associated with better outcomes in most domains. Earlier HA fitting and use of oral communication were associated with better outcomes on directly administered language assessments. Severity of hearing loss and maternal education influenced outcomes of children with HAs. The presence of additional disabilities affected outcomes of children with CIs.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide strong evidence for the benefits of early HA fitting and early CI for improving children's outcomes.
PMID: 28899200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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