Iliocapsularis: Technical application of fine-wire electromyography, and direction specific action during maximum voluntary isometric contractions

Publication date: Available online 27 March 2017
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Peter Lawrenson, Alison Grimaldi, Kay Crossley, Paul Hodges, Bill Vicenzino, Adam Semciw
The iliocapsularis muscle of the anterior hip may play an important role in hip function, but no electromyographic (EMG) recordings have been made. This muscle provides the most substantial muscular attachment to the anterior hip capsule and is hypothesised to have a dynamic role to limit capsular impingement and to augment joint stability. Current understanding of the function of iliocapsularis is based on limited cadaveric and radiographic studies. Located deep over the hip joint it would require intramuscular fine-wire EMG to evaluate its activity directly with limited cross-talk from overlying muscles. The primary aim of this study was to describe a new technique for insertion of intramuscular EMG electrodes into iliocapsularis and to report its activation during different directions of hip maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Fifteen healthy volunteers (10M, mean age (SD) 22 (2) years) who were free from hip pain were recruited for electrode insertion and to perform MVIC’s in six directions at 0° and three directions at 90° of hip flexion. Intramuscular electrodes were successfully inserted into the iliocapsularis muscle with guidance from real-time ultrasound imaging. The greatest muscle activity occurred during resisted hip flexion at 90° (Median (IQR); 100.0 (1.2) % MVIC) and lowest activity during hip extension, 0° (0.5 (0.3) % MVIC). These findings have implications for our understanding of iliocapsularis’ functional role. This paper provides the first report of intramuscular electrode insertion into iliocapsularis with guided technical instructions for future EMG investigations in other populations and tasks.



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Iliocapsularis: Technical application of fine-wire electromyography, and direction specific action during maximum voluntary isometric contractions

Publication date: Available online 27 March 2017
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Peter Lawrenson, Alison Grimaldi, Kay Crossley, Paul Hodges, Bill Vicenzino, Adam Semciw
The iliocapsularis muscle of the anterior hip may play an important role in hip function, but no electromyographic (EMG) recordings have been made. This muscle provides the most substantial muscular attachment to the anterior hip capsule and is hypothesised to have a dynamic role to limit capsular impingement and to augment joint stability. Current understanding of the function of iliocapsularis is based on limited cadaveric and radiographic studies. Located deep over the hip joint it would require intramuscular fine-wire EMG to evaluate its activity directly with limited cross-talk from overlying muscles. The primary aim of this study was to describe a new technique for insertion of intramuscular EMG electrodes into iliocapsularis and to report its activation during different directions of hip maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Fifteen healthy volunteers (10M, mean age (SD) 22 (2) years) who were free from hip pain were recruited for electrode insertion and to perform MVIC’s in six directions at 0° and three directions at 90° of hip flexion. Intramuscular electrodes were successfully inserted into the iliocapsularis muscle with guidance from real-time ultrasound imaging. The greatest muscle activity occurred during resisted hip flexion at 90° (Median (IQR); 100.0 (1.2) % MVIC) and lowest activity during hip extension, 0° (0.5 (0.3) % MVIC). These findings have implications for our understanding of iliocapsularis’ functional role. This paper provides the first report of intramuscular electrode insertion into iliocapsularis with guided technical instructions for future EMG investigations in other populations and tasks.



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Iliocapsularis: Technical application of fine-wire electromyography, and direction specific action during maximum voluntary isometric contractions

Publication date: Available online 27 March 2017
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Peter Lawrenson, Alison Grimaldi, Kay Crossley, Paul Hodges, Bill Vicenzino, Adam Semciw
The iliocapsularis muscle of the anterior hip may play an important role in hip function, but no electromyographic (EMG) recordings have been made. This muscle provides the most substantial muscular attachment to the anterior hip capsule and is hypothesised to have a dynamic role to limit capsular impingement and to augment joint stability. Current understanding of the function of iliocapsularis is based on limited cadaveric and radiographic studies. Located deep over the hip joint it would require intramuscular fine-wire EMG to evaluate its activity directly with limited cross-talk from overlying muscles. The primary aim of this study was to describe a new technique for insertion of intramuscular EMG electrodes into iliocapsularis and to report its activation during different directions of hip maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Fifteen healthy volunteers (10M, mean age (SD) 22 (2) years) who were free from hip pain were recruited for electrode insertion and to perform MVIC’s in six directions at 0° and three directions at 90° of hip flexion. Intramuscular electrodes were successfully inserted into the iliocapsularis muscle with guidance from real-time ultrasound imaging. The greatest muscle activity occurred during resisted hip flexion at 90° (Median (IQR); 100.0 (1.2) % MVIC) and lowest activity during hip extension, 0° (0.5 (0.3) % MVIC). These findings have implications for our understanding of iliocapsularis’ functional role. This paper provides the first report of intramuscular electrode insertion into iliocapsularis with guided technical instructions for future EMG investigations in other populations and tasks.



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Child–Adult Differences in Using Dual-Task Paradigms to Measure Listening Effort

Purpose

The purpose of the project was to investigate the effects modifying the secondary task in a dual-task paradigm to measure objective listening effort. To be specific, the complexity and depth of processing were increased relative to a simple secondary task.

Method

Three dual-task paradigms were developed for school-age children. The primary task was word recognition. The secondary task was a physical response to a visual probe (simple task), a physical response to a complex probe (increased complexity), or word categorization (increased depth of processing). Sixteen adults (22–32 years, M = 25.4) and 22 children (9–17 years, M = 13.2) were tested using the 3 paradigms in quiet and noise.

Results

For both groups, manipulations of the secondary task did not affect word recognition performance. For adults, increasing depth of processing increased the calculated effect of noise; however, for children, results with the deep secondary task were the least stable.

Conclusions

Manipulations of the secondary task differentially affected adults and children. Consistent with previous findings, increased depth of processing enhanced paradigm sensitivity for adults. However, younger participants were more likely to demonstrate the expected effects of noise on listening effort using a secondary task that did not require deep processing.

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Child–Adult Differences in Using Dual-Task Paradigms to Measure Listening Effort

Purpose

The purpose of the project was to investigate the effects modifying the secondary task in a dual-task paradigm to measure objective listening effort. To be specific, the complexity and depth of processing were increased relative to a simple secondary task.

Method

Three dual-task paradigms were developed for school-age children. The primary task was word recognition. The secondary task was a physical response to a visual probe (simple task), a physical response to a complex probe (increased complexity), or word categorization (increased depth of processing). Sixteen adults (22–32 years, M = 25.4) and 22 children (9–17 years, M = 13.2) were tested using the 3 paradigms in quiet and noise.

Results

For both groups, manipulations of the secondary task did not affect word recognition performance. For adults, increasing depth of processing increased the calculated effect of noise; however, for children, results with the deep secondary task were the least stable.

Conclusions

Manipulations of the secondary task differentially affected adults and children. Consistent with previous findings, increased depth of processing enhanced paradigm sensitivity for adults. However, younger participants were more likely to demonstrate the expected effects of noise on listening effort using a secondary task that did not require deep processing.

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Child–Adult Differences in Using Dual-Task Paradigms to Measure Listening Effort

Purpose

The purpose of the project was to investigate the effects modifying the secondary task in a dual-task paradigm to measure objective listening effort. To be specific, the complexity and depth of processing were increased relative to a simple secondary task.

Method

Three dual-task paradigms were developed for school-age children. The primary task was word recognition. The secondary task was a physical response to a visual probe (simple task), a physical response to a complex probe (increased complexity), or word categorization (increased depth of processing). Sixteen adults (22–32 years, M = 25.4) and 22 children (9–17 years, M = 13.2) were tested using the 3 paradigms in quiet and noise.

Results

For both groups, manipulations of the secondary task did not affect word recognition performance. For adults, increasing depth of processing increased the calculated effect of noise; however, for children, results with the deep secondary task were the least stable.

Conclusions

Manipulations of the secondary task differentially affected adults and children. Consistent with previous findings, increased depth of processing enhanced paradigm sensitivity for adults. However, younger participants were more likely to demonstrate the expected effects of noise on listening effort using a secondary task that did not require deep processing.

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Suppressors: Hearing Protection of Safety Threat?

NPR recently did a story on the Hearing Protection Act, legislation aimed at reducing restrictions on the purchase of suppressor also known as silencers. Currently, to own a suppressor you must go through a federal registration process and pay a $200 fee, the process takes about nine months. The Hearing Protection Act would eliminate the fee and not have a federal waiting period, but rather rely on state laws. 

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