Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) accompanied by vertigo may portend a negative prognosis in hearing recovery, a new study found. (JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2018.0648.) Researchers from Fudan University in Shanghai reviewed 10 original research studies and retrospective or prospective studies on the role of vertigo in the prognosis for hearing outcome of SSHL. Their analysis included 4,814 unique patients, with 1,709 in the SSHL group with vertigo and 3,105 were in the SSHL group without vertigo. Data extracted from these studies included research type, number of participants with or without vertigo, treatment regime, definition of pure-tone average, criteria for hearing improvement, and length of follow-up.
The researchers found that vertigo was significantly associated with worse hearing recovery: The recovery rate of hearing was 42.1 percent in the group with vertigo, compared with 60.3 percent in the group without vertigo. No association of vertigo with the prognosis of SSHL was observed, however, within a subgroup receiving intratympanic corticosteroids. The researchers concluded that corticosteroid injection may be more effective for treatment of SSHL accompanied by vertigo and that future studies are needed to determine whether treatment of vertigo might contribute to the recovery of SSHL.
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