Paying it forward: Four-year analysis of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program.

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Paying it forward: Four-year analysis of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program.

J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Apr 27;:

Authors: Zakrison TL, Polk TM, Dixon R, Ekeh AP, Gross KR, Davis KA, Kurek SJ, Stassen NA, Patel MB

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mentorship programs in surgery are utilized to overcome barriers to clinical and academic productivity, research success, and work-life balance. We sought to determine if the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program has met its goals of fostering academic and personal growth in young acute care surgeons.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic program evaluation of EAST Mentoring Program's first four years. Demographic information was collected from EAST records, mentorship program applications, and mentee-mentor career development plans. We reviewed the career development plans for thematic commonalities and results of a structured, online questionnaire distributed since program inception. A mixed methods approach was used to better understand the program goals from both mentee and mentor perspectives, as well as attitudes and barriers regarding the perceived success of this career development program.
RESULTS: During 2012-2015, 65 mentoring dyads were paired and 60 completed the program. Of 184 surveys distributed, 108 were returned (57% response rate). Respondents were evenly distributed between mentees and mentors (53 vs. 55, p=0.768). In participant surveys, mentoring relationships were viewed to focus on research (45%), 'sticky situations' [e.g., communication, work-life balance] (27%), education (18%), or administrative issues (10%). Mentees were more focused on research and education vs. mentors (74% vs. 50%, p=0.040). Mentees felt that goals were 'always' or 'usually' met vs. mentors (89% vs. 77% p= 0.096). Two barriers to successful mentorship included time and communication, with most pairs communicating by email. Most respondents (91%) planned to continue the relationship beyond the EAST Mentoring Program and recommended the experience to colleagues.
CONCLUSIONS: Mentee satisfaction with the EAST Mentoring Program was high. Mentoring is a beneficial tool to promote success amongst EAST's young members, but differences exist between mentee and mentor perceptions. Revising communication expectations and time commitment to improve career development may help our young acute care surgeons.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: VSTUDY TYPE: Epidemiological.

PMID: 28452871 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Tinnitus in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Is it a Specific Somatosensory Tinnitus Subtype?

Related Articles

Tinnitus in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Is it a Specific Somatosensory Tinnitus Subtype?

Int Tinnitus J. 2017 Apr 19;20(2):83-87

Authors: Algieri GMA, Leonardi A, Arangio P, Vellone V, Paolo CD, Cascone P

Abstract
ABSTRACT: The most significant otologic symptoms, consisting of ear pain, tinnitus, dizziness, hearing loss and auricolar "fullness", generally arise within the auditory system, often are associated with extra auricolar disorders, particularly disorder of the temporo-mandibular joint. In our study we examined a sample of 200 consecutive patients who had experienced severe disabling symptom. The patiens came to maxillofacial specialist assessment for temporomandibular disorder. Each patient was assessed by a detailed anamnestic and clinical temporomandibular joint examination and they are divided into five main groups according classification criteria established by Wilkes; tinnitus and subjective indicators of pain are evaluated. The results of this study provide a close correlation between the joint pathology and otologic symptoms, particularly regarding tinnitus and balance disorders, and that this relationship is greater the more advanced is the stage of joint pathology. Moreover, this study shows that TMD-related tinnitus principally affects a younger population (average fifth decade of life) and mainly women (more than 2/3 of the cases). Such evidence suggests the existence of a specific tinnitus subtype that may be defined as "TMD-related somatosensory tinnitus".

PMID: 28452718 [PubMed - in process]

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Eocene paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): From inner ear to lifestyle.

Related Articles

Eocene paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): From inner ear to lifestyle.

Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2017 Apr 27;:

Authors: Bernardi M, Couette S

Abstract
European adapids, especially Adapis parisiensis, have been extensively studied over the past two centuries, essentially for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes. Analyses of dental, cranial and postcranial morphology have led to various hypotheses about the diet, locomotion and lifestyle of this fossil primate species. As the morphology of Adapis parisiensis is not directly comparable to any extant species, some interpretations are still debated. The inner ear is crucial to several functional parameters, such as auditory acuity, balance, agility, orientation and head motion speed during locomotion. We examined the inner ear morphology of Adapis parisiensis in order to make some functional inferences, using μCT techniques to access the internal morphology without damaging the fossil specimens. We analyzed the length and shape of the cochlea, the size of the oval window, and the size and orientation of the semicircular canals of seven Adapis parisiensis crania. Results indicate that the species was more sensitive to high frequencies than low frequencies. Results for locomotion style are different, depending on the method used. Results about the coefficient of agility are in good agreement with previous studies, proposing a slow/medium slow locomotion for the fossil species. In contrast, angular velocity magnitude (AVM) results show a great range of variation in the locomotor repertory for Adapis parisiensis, probably indicating that the model used is not adapted to the study of the fossil record. A comparison to measurements of extant strepsirhines lead us to conclude that Adapis parisiensis was probably monogamous and solitary, with a small home range. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 28452186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Paying it forward: Four-year analysis of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program.

Related Articles

Paying it forward: Four-year analysis of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program.

J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Apr 27;:

Authors: Zakrison TL, Polk TM, Dixon R, Ekeh AP, Gross KR, Davis KA, Kurek SJ, Stassen NA, Patel MB

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mentorship programs in surgery are utilized to overcome barriers to clinical and academic productivity, research success, and work-life balance. We sought to determine if the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) Mentoring Program has met its goals of fostering academic and personal growth in young acute care surgeons.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic program evaluation of EAST Mentoring Program's first four years. Demographic information was collected from EAST records, mentorship program applications, and mentee-mentor career development plans. We reviewed the career development plans for thematic commonalities and results of a structured, online questionnaire distributed since program inception. A mixed methods approach was used to better understand the program goals from both mentee and mentor perspectives, as well as attitudes and barriers regarding the perceived success of this career development program.
RESULTS: During 2012-2015, 65 mentoring dyads were paired and 60 completed the program. Of 184 surveys distributed, 108 were returned (57% response rate). Respondents were evenly distributed between mentees and mentors (53 vs. 55, p=0.768). In participant surveys, mentoring relationships were viewed to focus on research (45%), 'sticky situations' [e.g., communication, work-life balance] (27%), education (18%), or administrative issues (10%). Mentees were more focused on research and education vs. mentors (74% vs. 50%, p=0.040). Mentees felt that goals were 'always' or 'usually' met vs. mentors (89% vs. 77% p= 0.096). Two barriers to successful mentorship included time and communication, with most pairs communicating by email. Most respondents (91%) planned to continue the relationship beyond the EAST Mentoring Program and recommended the experience to colleagues.
CONCLUSIONS: Mentee satisfaction with the EAST Mentoring Program was high. Mentoring is a beneficial tool to promote success amongst EAST's young members, but differences exist between mentee and mentor perceptions. Revising communication expectations and time commitment to improve career development may help our young acute care surgeons.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: VSTUDY TYPE: Epidemiological.

PMID: 28452871 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Tinnitus in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Is it a Specific Somatosensory Tinnitus Subtype?

Related Articles

Tinnitus in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Is it a Specific Somatosensory Tinnitus Subtype?

Int Tinnitus J. 2017 Apr 19;20(2):83-87

Authors: Algieri GMA, Leonardi A, Arangio P, Vellone V, Paolo CD, Cascone P

Abstract
ABSTRACT: The most significant otologic symptoms, consisting of ear pain, tinnitus, dizziness, hearing loss and auricolar "fullness", generally arise within the auditory system, often are associated with extra auricolar disorders, particularly disorder of the temporo-mandibular joint. In our study we examined a sample of 200 consecutive patients who had experienced severe disabling symptom. The patiens came to maxillofacial specialist assessment for temporomandibular disorder. Each patient was assessed by a detailed anamnestic and clinical temporomandibular joint examination and they are divided into five main groups according classification criteria established by Wilkes; tinnitus and subjective indicators of pain are evaluated. The results of this study provide a close correlation between the joint pathology and otologic symptoms, particularly regarding tinnitus and balance disorders, and that this relationship is greater the more advanced is the stage of joint pathology. Moreover, this study shows that TMD-related tinnitus principally affects a younger population (average fifth decade of life) and mainly women (more than 2/3 of the cases). Such evidence suggests the existence of a specific tinnitus subtype that may be defined as "TMD-related somatosensory tinnitus".

PMID: 28452718 [PubMed - in process]

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Eocene paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): From inner ear to lifestyle.

Related Articles

Eocene paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): From inner ear to lifestyle.

Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2017 Apr 27;:

Authors: Bernardi M, Couette S

Abstract
European adapids, especially Adapis parisiensis, have been extensively studied over the past two centuries, essentially for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes. Analyses of dental, cranial and postcranial morphology have led to various hypotheses about the diet, locomotion and lifestyle of this fossil primate species. As the morphology of Adapis parisiensis is not directly comparable to any extant species, some interpretations are still debated. The inner ear is crucial to several functional parameters, such as auditory acuity, balance, agility, orientation and head motion speed during locomotion. We examined the inner ear morphology of Adapis parisiensis in order to make some functional inferences, using μCT techniques to access the internal morphology without damaging the fossil specimens. We analyzed the length and shape of the cochlea, the size of the oval window, and the size and orientation of the semicircular canals of seven Adapis parisiensis crania. Results indicate that the species was more sensitive to high frequencies than low frequencies. Results for locomotion style are different, depending on the method used. Results about the coefficient of agility are in good agreement with previous studies, proposing a slow/medium slow locomotion for the fossil species. In contrast, angular velocity magnitude (AVM) results show a great range of variation in the locomotor repertory for Adapis parisiensis, probably indicating that the model used is not adapted to the study of the fossil record. A comparison to measurements of extant strepsirhines lead us to conclude that Adapis parisiensis was probably monogamous and solitary, with a small home range. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 28452186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Related Articles

Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Int J Audiol. 2017 Apr 27;:1-7

Authors: Rählmann S, Meis M, Schulte M, Kießling J, Walger M, Meister H

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Model-based hearing aid development considers the assessment of speech recognition using a master hearing aid (MHA). It is known that aided speech recognition in noise is related to cognitive factors such as working memory capacity (WMC). This relationship might be mediated by hearing aid experience (HAE). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of WMC and speech recognition with a MHA for listeners with different HAE.
DESIGN: Using the MHA, unaided and aided 80% speech recognition thresholds in noise were determined. Individual WMC capacity was assed using the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the Reading Span Test (RST).
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-nine hearing aid users with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss divided into three groups differing in HAE.
RESULTS: Whereas unaided speech recognition did not show a significant relationship with WMC, a significant correlation could be observed between WMC and aided speech recognition. However, this only applied to listeners with HAE of up to approximately three years, and a consistent weakening of the correlation could be observed with more experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Speech recognition scores obtained in acute experiments with an MHA are less influenced by individual cognitive capacity when experienced HA users are taken into account.

PMID: 28449597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Related Articles

Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Int J Audiol. 2017 Apr 27;:1-7

Authors: Rählmann S, Meis M, Schulte M, Kießling J, Walger M, Meister H

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Model-based hearing aid development considers the assessment of speech recognition using a master hearing aid (MHA). It is known that aided speech recognition in noise is related to cognitive factors such as working memory capacity (WMC). This relationship might be mediated by hearing aid experience (HAE). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of WMC and speech recognition with a MHA for listeners with different HAE.
DESIGN: Using the MHA, unaided and aided 80% speech recognition thresholds in noise were determined. Individual WMC capacity was assed using the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the Reading Span Test (RST).
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-nine hearing aid users with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss divided into three groups differing in HAE.
RESULTS: Whereas unaided speech recognition did not show a significant relationship with WMC, a significant correlation could be observed between WMC and aided speech recognition. However, this only applied to listeners with HAE of up to approximately three years, and a consistent weakening of the correlation could be observed with more experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Speech recognition scores obtained in acute experiments with an MHA are less influenced by individual cognitive capacity when experienced HA users are taken into account.

PMID: 28449597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The reliability of the Adelaide in-shoe foot model

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 56
Author(s): Chris Bishop, Susan Hillier, Dominic Thewlis
Understanding the biomechanics of the foot is essential for many areas of research and clinical practice such as orthotic interventions and footwear development. Despite the widespread attention paid to the biomechanics of the foot during gait, what largely remains unknown is how the foot moves inside the shoe. This study investigated the reliability of the Adelaide In-Shoe Foot Model, which was designed to quantify in-shoe foot kinematics and kinetics during walking. Intra-rater reliability was assessed in 30 participants over five walking trials whilst wearing shoes during two data collection sessions, separated by one week. Sufficient reliability for use was interpreted as a coefficient of multiple correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient of >0.61. Inter-rater reliability was investigated separately in a second sample of 10 adults by two researchers with experience in applying markers for the purpose of motion analysis. The results indicated good consistency in waveform estimation for most kinematic and kinetic data, as well as good inter-and intra-rater reliability. The exception is the peak medial ground reaction force, the minimum abduction angle and the peak abduction/adduction external hindfoot joint moments which resulted in less than acceptable repeatability. Based on our results, the Adelaide in-shoe foot model can be used with confidence for 24 commonly measured biomechanical variables during shod walking.



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The reliability of the Adelaide in-shoe foot model

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 56
Author(s): Chris Bishop, Susan Hillier, Dominic Thewlis
Understanding the biomechanics of the foot is essential for many areas of research and clinical practice such as orthotic interventions and footwear development. Despite the widespread attention paid to the biomechanics of the foot during gait, what largely remains unknown is how the foot moves inside the shoe. This study investigated the reliability of the Adelaide In-Shoe Foot Model, which was designed to quantify in-shoe foot kinematics and kinetics during walking. Intra-rater reliability was assessed in 30 participants over five walking trials whilst wearing shoes during two data collection sessions, separated by one week. Sufficient reliability for use was interpreted as a coefficient of multiple correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient of >0.61. Inter-rater reliability was investigated separately in a second sample of 10 adults by two researchers with experience in applying markers for the purpose of motion analysis. The results indicated good consistency in waveform estimation for most kinematic and kinetic data, as well as good inter-and intra-rater reliability. The exception is the peak medial ground reaction force, the minimum abduction angle and the peak abduction/adduction external hindfoot joint moments which resulted in less than acceptable repeatability. Based on our results, the Adelaide in-shoe foot model can be used with confidence for 24 commonly measured biomechanical variables during shod walking.



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via IFTTT

The reliability of the Adelaide in-shoe foot model

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 56
Author(s): Chris Bishop, Susan Hillier, Dominic Thewlis
Understanding the biomechanics of the foot is essential for many areas of research and clinical practice such as orthotic interventions and footwear development. Despite the widespread attention paid to the biomechanics of the foot during gait, what largely remains unknown is how the foot moves inside the shoe. This study investigated the reliability of the Adelaide In-Shoe Foot Model, which was designed to quantify in-shoe foot kinematics and kinetics during walking. Intra-rater reliability was assessed in 30 participants over five walking trials whilst wearing shoes during two data collection sessions, separated by one week. Sufficient reliability for use was interpreted as a coefficient of multiple correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient of >0.61. Inter-rater reliability was investigated separately in a second sample of 10 adults by two researchers with experience in applying markers for the purpose of motion analysis. The results indicated good consistency in waveform estimation for most kinematic and kinetic data, as well as good inter-and intra-rater reliability. The exception is the peak medial ground reaction force, the minimum abduction angle and the peak abduction/adduction external hindfoot joint moments which resulted in less than acceptable repeatability. Based on our results, the Adelaide in-shoe foot model can be used with confidence for 24 commonly measured biomechanical variables during shod walking.



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Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Related Articles

Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Int J Audiol. 2017 Apr 27;:1-7

Authors: Rählmann S, Meis M, Schulte M, Kießling J, Walger M, Meister H

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Model-based hearing aid development considers the assessment of speech recognition using a master hearing aid (MHA). It is known that aided speech recognition in noise is related to cognitive factors such as working memory capacity (WMC). This relationship might be mediated by hearing aid experience (HAE). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of WMC and speech recognition with a MHA for listeners with different HAE.
DESIGN: Using the MHA, unaided and aided 80% speech recognition thresholds in noise were determined. Individual WMC capacity was assed using the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the Reading Span Test (RST).
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-nine hearing aid users with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss divided into three groups differing in HAE.
RESULTS: Whereas unaided speech recognition did not show a significant relationship with WMC, a significant correlation could be observed between WMC and aided speech recognition. However, this only applied to listeners with HAE of up to approximately three years, and a consistent weakening of the correlation could be observed with more experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Speech recognition scores obtained in acute experiments with an MHA are less influenced by individual cognitive capacity when experienced HA users are taken into account.

PMID: 28449597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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via IFTTT

Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Related Articles

Assessment of hearing aid algorithms using a master hearing aid: the influence of hearing aid experience on the relationship between speech recognition and cognitive capacity.

Int J Audiol. 2017 Apr 27;:1-7

Authors: Rählmann S, Meis M, Schulte M, Kießling J, Walger M, Meister H

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Model-based hearing aid development considers the assessment of speech recognition using a master hearing aid (MHA). It is known that aided speech recognition in noise is related to cognitive factors such as working memory capacity (WMC). This relationship might be mediated by hearing aid experience (HAE). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of WMC and speech recognition with a MHA for listeners with different HAE.
DESIGN: Using the MHA, unaided and aided 80% speech recognition thresholds in noise were determined. Individual WMC capacity was assed using the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the Reading Span Test (RST).
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-nine hearing aid users with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss divided into three groups differing in HAE.
RESULTS: Whereas unaided speech recognition did not show a significant relationship with WMC, a significant correlation could be observed between WMC and aided speech recognition. However, this only applied to listeners with HAE of up to approximately three years, and a consistent weakening of the correlation could be observed with more experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Speech recognition scores obtained in acute experiments with an MHA are less influenced by individual cognitive capacity when experienced HA users are taken into account.

PMID: 28449597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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