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Τετάρτη 26 Ιουλίου 2017
The Simple Way to Hear More with the Naida Link CROS Solution
An overview of Advanced Bionic’s newest innovation, the Naída Link CROS Solution, including candidacy, features, and benefits. 
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The Simple Way to Hear More with the Naida Link CROS Solution
An overview of Advanced Bionic’s newest innovation, the Naída Link CROS Solution, including candidacy, features, and benefits.
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The Simple Way to Hear More with the Naida Link CROS Solution
An overview of Advanced Bionic’s newest innovation, the Naída Link CROS Solution, including candidacy, features, and benefits.
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Predictions of Speech Chimaera Intelligibility Using Auditory Nerve Mean-Rate and Spike-Timing Neural Cues
Abstract
Perceptual studies of speech intelligibility have shown that slow variations of acoustic envelope (ENV) in a small set of frequency bands provides adequate information for good perceptual performance in quiet, whereas acoustic temporal fine-structure (TFS) cues play a supporting role in background noise. However, the implications for neural coding are prone to misinterpretation because the mean-rate neural representation can contain recovered ENV cues from cochlear filtering of TFS. We investigated ENV recovery and spike-time TFS coding using objective measures of simulated mean-rate and spike-timing neural representations of chimaeric speech, in which either the ENV or the TFS is replaced by another signal. We (a) evaluated the levels of mean-rate and spike-timing neural information for two categories of chimaeric speech, one retaining ENV cues and the other TFS; (b) examined the level of recovered ENV from cochlear filtering of TFS speech; (c) examined and quantified the contribution to recovered ENV from spike-timing cues using a lateral inhibition network (LIN); and (d) constructed linear regression models with objective measures of mean-rate and spike-timing neural cues and subjective phoneme perception scores from normal-hearing listeners. The mean-rate neural cues from the original ENV and recovered ENV partially accounted for perceptual score variability, with additional variability explained by the recovered ENV from the LIN-processed TFS speech. The best model predictions of chimaeric speech intelligibility were found when both the mean-rate and spike-timing neural cues were included, providing further evidence that spike-time coding of TFS cues is important for intelligibility when the speech envelope is degraded.
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Reliability and Validation of the Turkish Version of the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Ziya Salturk, Erdi Ozdemir, Tolgar Lutfi Kumral, İbrahim Sayin, Kürşat Yelken, Hüseyin Sari, Güler Berkiten, Yavuz Atar, Belgin Tutar, Ahmet Arslanoglu, Yavuz Uyar
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of dysphonia in children, several methods have been developed, including the Pediatric Voice Outcome Survey, the Pediatric Voice Handicap Index, and the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life (PVRQOL) Survey. The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of the Turkish version of the PVRQOL Survey.MethodsThe PVRQOL Survey consists of 10 questions that evaluate the effects of dysphonia on quality of life. We translated it into Turkish by working with two translators and faculty from the English Grammar and Literature Department. The Turkish version was translated back into English by two bilingual individuals to assess accuracy. The final version was tested by 15 parents for pilot study. Following the pilot study, we enrolled 52 children who had been admitted to the outpatient clinic with dysphonia and 79 children who had no voice complaints. The parents of the children under 7 years were asked to answer the survey. Children aged between 7 and 9 years completed the survey with their parents, and children over 9 years completed the survey by themselves.ResultsThe results of the pilot study revealed no difference between the two groups. Intergroup comparisons revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the control and patient groups in terms of question responses. When the total scores of the two groups were compared, there was a significant difference.ConclusionThe Turkish version is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing dysphonic patients and healthy subjects.
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Voice Use Among Music Theory Teachers: A Voice Dosimetry and Self-Assessment Study
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Isabel S. Schiller, Dominique Morsomme, Angélique Remacle
ObjectivesThis study aimed (1) to investigate music theory teachers' professional and extra-professional vocal loading and background noise exposure, (2) to determine the correlation between vocal loading and background noise, and (3) to determine the correlation between vocal loading and self-evaluation data.MethodsUsing voice dosimetry, 13 music theory teachers were monitored for one workweek. The parameters analyzed were voice sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (F0), phonation time, vocal loading index (VLI), and noise SPL. Spearman correlation was used to correlate vocal loading parameters (voice SPL, F0, and phonation time) and noise SPL. Each day, the subjects self-assessed their voice using visual analog scales. VLI and self-evaluation data were correlated using Spearman correlation.ResultsVocal loading parameters and noise SPL were significantly higher in the professional than in the extra-professional environment. Voice SPL, phonation time, and female subjects' F0 correlated positively with noise SPL. VLI correlated with self-assessed voice quality, vocal fatigue, and amount of singing and speaking voice produced.ConclusionsTeaching music theory is a profession with high vocal demands. More background noise is associated with increased vocal loading and may indirectly increase the risk for voice disorders. Correlations between VLI and self-assessments suggest that these teachers are well aware of their vocal demands and feel their effect on voice quality and vocal fatigue. Visual analog scales seem to represent a useful tool for subjective vocal loading assessment and associated symptoms in these professional voice users.
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How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
| Related Articles |
How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Jul 25;:1-10
Authors: Picou EM, Ricketts TA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of directional microphone use on laboratory measures of sentence recognition, listening effort and localisation. An additional purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of asymmetric directional microphone use on the same laboratory measures.
DESIGN: Three hearing aid conditions were evaluated: (1) bilateral omnidirectional microphones, (2) bilateral directional microphones and (3) asymmetric microphones (directional microphone for only one hearing aid). Sentence recognition performance was evaluated using a connected speech test. Listening effort was evaluated using a dual-task paradigm with a response time-based secondary task requiring word categorisation. Localisation was examined using a complex task requiring localisation and recall of speech originating from one of four loudspeakers in the horizontal plane (-60°, -45°, +45°, +60°).
STUDY SAMPLE: Eighteen adults (M = 61.8 years) with symmetrical, moderate-to-severe hearing loss participated.
RESULTS: Performance on each task was analysed separately using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results revealed directional benefits for sentence recognition and listening effort, but microphone setting did not affect localisation. Performance was equivalent with symmetric and asymmetric directional configurations.
CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral and asymmetric directional microphone configurations equally improved sentence recognition and listening effort; neither affected localisation or recall.
PMID: 28738747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
| Related Articles |
How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Jul 25;:1-10
Authors: Picou EM, Ricketts TA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of directional microphone use on laboratory measures of sentence recognition, listening effort and localisation. An additional purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of asymmetric directional microphone use on the same laboratory measures.
DESIGN: Three hearing aid conditions were evaluated: (1) bilateral omnidirectional microphones, (2) bilateral directional microphones and (3) asymmetric microphones (directional microphone for only one hearing aid). Sentence recognition performance was evaluated using a connected speech test. Listening effort was evaluated using a dual-task paradigm with a response time-based secondary task requiring word categorisation. Localisation was examined using a complex task requiring localisation and recall of speech originating from one of four loudspeakers in the horizontal plane (-60°, -45°, +45°, +60°).
STUDY SAMPLE: Eighteen adults (M = 61.8 years) with symmetrical, moderate-to-severe hearing loss participated.
RESULTS: Performance on each task was analysed separately using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results revealed directional benefits for sentence recognition and listening effort, but microphone setting did not affect localisation. Performance was equivalent with symmetric and asymmetric directional configurations.
CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral and asymmetric directional microphone configurations equally improved sentence recognition and listening effort; neither affected localisation or recall.
PMID: 28738747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Novel PRPS1 gain-of-function mutation in a patient with congenital hyperuricemia and facial anomalies.
| Related Articles |
Novel PRPS1 gain-of-function mutation in a patient with congenital hyperuricemia and facial anomalies.
Am J Med Genet A. 2017 Jul 25;:
Authors: Porrmann J, Betcheva-Krajcir E, Di Donato N, Kahlert AK, Schallner J, Rump A, Schröck E, Dobritzsch D, Roelofsen J, van Kuilenburg ABP, Tzschach A
Abstract
Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (PRPPS) superactivity (OMIM 300661) is a rare inborn error of purine metabolism that is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the X-chromosomal gene PRPS1 (Xq22.3). Clinical characteristics include congenital hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria, gouty arthritis, urolithiasis, developmental delay, hypotonia, recurrent infections, short stature, and hearing loss. Only eight families with PRPPS superactivity and PRPS1 gain-of-function mutations have been reported to date. We report on a 7-year-old boy with congenital hyperuricemia, urolithiasis, developmental delay, short stature, hypospadias, and facial dysmorphisms. His mother also suffered from hyperuricemia that was diagnosed at age 13 years. A novel PRPS1 missense mutation (c.573G>C, p.[Leu191Phe]) was detected in the proband and his mother. Enzyme activity analysis confirmed superactivity of PRPP synthetase. Analysis of the crystal structure of human PRPPS suggests that the Leu191Phe mutation affects the architecture of both allosteric sites, thereby preventing the allosteric inhibition of the enzyme. The family reported here broadens the clinical spectrum of PRPPS superactivity and indicates that this rare metabolic disorder might be associated with a recognizable facial gestalt.
PMID: 28742244 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Glutathione peroxidase 3 gene polymorphisms and the risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
| Related Articles |
Glutathione peroxidase 3 gene polymorphisms and the risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017 Jul;33(7):359-364
Authors: Chien CY, Huang TY, Tai SY, Chang NC, Wang HM, Wang LF, Ho KY
Abstract
The glutathione peroxidase 3 gene (GPX3) is reported to be a risk factor for arterial ischaemic stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis. GPX3 may be one of the aetiologies of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), which might be attributed to the genetic effect of GPX3 by influence reactive oxygen species (ROS). Unbalanced ROS have been associated with susceptibility to SSNHL. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study with 416 SSNHL cases and 255 controls. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected. The genotypes were determined using TaqMan genotyping assays. Each SNP was tested using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and the genetic effects were evaluated using three inheritance models. All five SNPs were in HWE. As the result, the AG genotype of rs3805435 had an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.54 (95% confidence interval = 0.37-0.79, p = 0.001) compared with the AA genotype in the SSNHL cases. The GG and AG genotypes of the SNP rs3805435 were associated with SSNHL under the dominant model (p = 0.002, OR = 0.58). In conclusion, these results suggest that GPX3 polymorphisms influence susceptibility to SSNHL in southern Taiwan.
PMID: 28738977 [PubMed - in process]
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How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
| Related Articles |
How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Jul 25;:1-10
Authors: Picou EM, Ricketts TA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of directional microphone use on laboratory measures of sentence recognition, listening effort and localisation. An additional purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of asymmetric directional microphone use on the same laboratory measures.
DESIGN: Three hearing aid conditions were evaluated: (1) bilateral omnidirectional microphones, (2) bilateral directional microphones and (3) asymmetric microphones (directional microphone for only one hearing aid). Sentence recognition performance was evaluated using a connected speech test. Listening effort was evaluated using a dual-task paradigm with a response time-based secondary task requiring word categorisation. Localisation was examined using a complex task requiring localisation and recall of speech originating from one of four loudspeakers in the horizontal plane (-60°, -45°, +45°, +60°).
STUDY SAMPLE: Eighteen adults (M = 61.8 years) with symmetrical, moderate-to-severe hearing loss participated.
RESULTS: Performance on each task was analysed separately using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results revealed directional benefits for sentence recognition and listening effort, but microphone setting did not affect localisation. Performance was equivalent with symmetric and asymmetric directional configurations.
CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral and asymmetric directional microphone configurations equally improved sentence recognition and listening effort; neither affected localisation or recall.
PMID: 28738747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2h24tEk
via IFTTT
How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
| Related Articles |
How directional microphones affect speech recognition, listening effort and localisation for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Jul 25;:1-10
Authors: Picou EM, Ricketts TA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of directional microphone use on laboratory measures of sentence recognition, listening effort and localisation. An additional purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of asymmetric directional microphone use on the same laboratory measures.
DESIGN: Three hearing aid conditions were evaluated: (1) bilateral omnidirectional microphones, (2) bilateral directional microphones and (3) asymmetric microphones (directional microphone for only one hearing aid). Sentence recognition performance was evaluated using a connected speech test. Listening effort was evaluated using a dual-task paradigm with a response time-based secondary task requiring word categorisation. Localisation was examined using a complex task requiring localisation and recall of speech originating from one of four loudspeakers in the horizontal plane (-60°, -45°, +45°, +60°).
STUDY SAMPLE: Eighteen adults (M = 61.8 years) with symmetrical, moderate-to-severe hearing loss participated.
RESULTS: Performance on each task was analysed separately using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results revealed directional benefits for sentence recognition and listening effort, but microphone setting did not affect localisation. Performance was equivalent with symmetric and asymmetric directional configurations.
CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral and asymmetric directional microphone configurations equally improved sentence recognition and listening effort; neither affected localisation or recall.
PMID: 28738747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Elastic force restricts the growth of the murine utricle.
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Elastic force restricts the growth of the murine utricle.
Elife. 2017 Jul 25;6:
Authors: Gnedeva K, Jacobo A, Salvi JD, Petelski AA, Hudspeth AJ
Abstract
Dysfunctions of hearing and balance are often irreversible in mammals owing to the inability of cells in the inner ear to proliferate and replace lost sensory receptors. To determine the molecular basis of this deficiency we have investigated the dynamics of growth and cellular proliferation in a murine vestibular organ, the utricle. Based on this analysis, we have created a theoretical model that captures the key features of the organ's morphogenesis. Our experimental data and model demonstrate that an elastic force opposes growth of the utricular sensory epithelium during development, confines cellular proliferation to the organ's periphery, and eventually arrests its growth. We find that an increase in cellular density and the subsequent degradation of the transcriptional cofactor Yap underlie this process. A reduction in mechanical constraints results in accumulation and nuclear translocation of Yap, which triggers proliferation and restores the utricle's growth; interfering with Yap's activity reverses this effect.
PMID: 28742024 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Elastic force restricts the growth of the murine utricle.
| Related Articles |
Elastic force restricts the growth of the murine utricle.
Elife. 2017 Jul 25;6:
Authors: Gnedeva K, Jacobo A, Salvi JD, Petelski AA, Hudspeth AJ
Abstract
Dysfunctions of hearing and balance are often irreversible in mammals owing to the inability of cells in the inner ear to proliferate and replace lost sensory receptors. To determine the molecular basis of this deficiency we have investigated the dynamics of growth and cellular proliferation in a murine vestibular organ, the utricle. Based on this analysis, we have created a theoretical model that captures the key features of the organ's morphogenesis. Our experimental data and model demonstrate that an elastic force opposes growth of the utricular sensory epithelium during development, confines cellular proliferation to the organ's periphery, and eventually arrests its growth. We find that an increase in cellular density and the subsequent degradation of the transcriptional cofactor Yap underlie this process. A reduction in mechanical constraints results in accumulation and nuclear translocation of Yap, which triggers proliferation and restores the utricle's growth; interfering with Yap's activity reverses this effect.
PMID: 28742024 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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