Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): E. Timurtaş, I. Demirbüken, A. Yıldız, M.G. Polat
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Πέμπτη 23 Αυγούστου 2018
P 135 - The effect of low back pain on lower extremity alignment during squat
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Difference scores between single-task and dual-task gait measures are better than clinical measures for detection of fall-risk in community-dwelling older adults
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): D. Commandeur, M.D. Klimstra, S. MacDonald, K. Inouye, M. Cox, D. Chan, S.R. Hundza
Abstract
Background
As the proportion of older adults in the population increases, so does the associated prevalence of falls, making falls the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries among adults aged ≥65 years. In response, researchers and clinicians seek to develop a clinical tool that accurately predicts fall risk. These Investigations have included measures of clinical mobility and balance tests, strength, physiologically based tests, postural sway, and mean and variability of gait measures. To date, no study has concurrently explored all these measures to determine which measures, alone or in combination, emerge as the most predictive of fall risk. While there is evidence that dual-task gait conditions are sensitive indicators of fall risk, difference scores between dual-task and single-task gait conditions (DS) have not been explored.
Research question
This study included outcome measures representing diverse domains (clinical mobility and balance, strength, physiological, postural sway, and mean and variability of difference scores between dual- and single-task gait conditions) to determine the combination of measures that were the most sensitive for retrospectively classifying fallers from non-fallers.
Methods
Forty-two (mean: 75.8 yrs ± 3.3) community-dwelling older adults completed a comprehensive battery of 76 measures and classified into two groups based on self-report of having one or more falls in the previous year.
Results
Results suggest that 11 measures captured the salient characteristics of the total cohort (fallers (N = 27) and non-fallers (N = 15) and that five gait measures were sufficient for correctly classifying fallers and non-fallers with 92.3% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity with a total model classification of 82.9%.
Significance
The five variables comprise mean DS of stride timing, stride width, and stride length and DS in variability for stride width and stride velocity demonstrating that difference in performance between dual-task and single-task gait trials was essential for discriminating fallers and superior to other measures.
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The functional, spatio-temporal and satisfaction outcomes of transtibial amputees with a hydrocast socket following an extended usage period in an under-resourced environment
Publication date: Available online 22 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): Sheridan Laing, Peter V. Lee, Jim Lavranos, Noel Lythgo
Abstract
Background
Transtibial hydrocast sockets have been shown to be a potential alternative to hand-cast patella-tendon bearing sockets, the use of which would have particular benefits in under-resourced environments. However, data concerning wearer outcomes of hard hydrocast sockets (i.e. those without silicone liners), especially over long-term usage periods, is scarce in the literature.
Research questions
Are there any changes in wearer functional, spatio-temporal or satisfaction outcomes over a long usage period with a hydrocast socket? And how do the post-usage period outcomes compare with those from the wearers original prostheses?
Methods
In this pre-post interventional study, the clinical outcomes of twenty-one experienced transtibial prostheses users were evaluated using widely-accepted and employed methods to assess wearer functional capacity, mobility, gait and satisfaction. The participants were fit with a hard hydrocast socket and the outcomes after an extensive usage period of 5 months were compared to the pre-usage period data following initial fitting and the data collected from the participants’ original prosthetic limb.
Results
Significant differences were found in the temporal parameters of gait, all indicating decreased reliance on the intact limb and an increased loading of the prosthetic limb with the post-usage period hydrocast socket compared to both the pre-usage period socket and the participants’ original limbs. No differences in the functional capacity, mobility, spatial gait parameter or satisfaction were found between the socket conditions.
Significance
This is the largest study of functional, spatio-temporal and satisfaction outcomes of hydrocast sockets following an extended usage period in an under-resourced environment to date.
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La resonancia del cante flamenco: un estudio acústico y comparativo con el canto clásico
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Marina Garzón, Juana Muñoz
Resumen
En la evaluación vocal del cantante no basta con diagnosticar si existe resonancia, sino qué cualidad tiene. Una voz resonada tiene un amplio contenido armónico y puede lograrse con técnicas diversas.
Objetivo
Validar la hipótesis del tenor Alfredo Krauss, que plantea que el cantaor flamenco utiliza los senos paranasales con objeto de naturalizar el sonido, denominándola «técnica de la i», pues se logra igualando los sonidos al de esta vocal. Tradujimos esta hipótesis a parámetros acústicos utilizando la singing power ratio (SPR) como medida de resonancia de diferentes vocales.
Método
La muestra se dividió en: a) grupo experimental flamenco (GEF), compuesto por 23 cantaores reclutados en la Fundación Cristina Heeren de arte flamenco, en la escuela de flamenco El Garrotín y en la escuela Reina Sofía de Granada, y b) grupo control clásico (GCC), compuesto por 21 cantantes clásicos de los conservatorios superiores de música Cristóbal de Morales de Sevilla y Victoria Eugenia de Granada. Todos los participantes contaban con más de dos años de práctica. Se calculó el SPR en fonación sostenida cantada con el algoritmo de la transformada rápida de Fourier para las vocales /a/, /i/, /u/ y se realizó una comparativa entre grupos mediante un ANOVA.
Resultados
Se encontraron diferencias significativas exclusivamente en la vocal /i/, donde el GEF obtuvo mayores valores de resonancia que el GCC (con una diferencia de hasta 7 dB).
Conclusiones
El apoyo del sonido en la vocal /i/ indica cómo colocan el tracto vocal los cantaores para amplificar su sonido, tal y como postula Krauss. Por tanto, la técnica de colocación en el flamenco difiere de la del clásico.
Abstract
In a singeŕs vocal assessment it is not sufficient to diagnose the existence of resonance without also specifying its quality. A resonated voice has a broad harmonic content and can be achieved in many ways.
Objective
To analyze and validate Alfredo Krausśs hypothesis on the use of paranasal sinuses by flamenco singers, in order to naturalize voice sound, also called “/i/ technique”, equalizing all sounds based on this vowel. We translated this hypothesis into acoustic parameters using Singing Power Ratio (SPR) as a resonance measure of different vowels.
Method
Participants were divided into: a) Flamenco Experimental Group (FEG), 23 flamenco singers recruited from the Cristina Heeren Foundation in Seville, Garrotín Flamenco School and Reina Sofía Flamenco School in Granada, and b) Classical Control Group (CCG), 21 classical singers from the Cristobal de Morales conservatory in Seville and Victoria Eugenia conservatory in Granada. All the participants had over 2 years of experience. The SPR was calculated in sustained phonation tasks using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) algorithm for the vowels /a/, /i/, /u/. A comparative assessment between the groups was made using ANOVA.
Results
Significant differences were found only in /i/, where the FEG obtained higher resonance values than CCG (up to 7 bB difference).
Conclusions
Sound support in the vowel /i/ indicates how flamenco singers place vocal tract to amplify voice sound during singing, as Krauss suggests. Therefore, flamenco singers’ resonance technique differs from the classical.
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Adaptación cultural y estudio piloto de la versión española de la Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS)
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Antonio Velandrino Nicolás, Francisco Cabello Luque, María Parra Villazala, M. José Nicolás Morales, Elena Losana Perales
Resumen
Objetivo
Realizar la adaptación cultural de la versión española de la Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) y su evaluación métrica inicial mediante un estudio piloto.
Método
La escala fue traducida por 3 expertos en Logopedia. Se llevó a cabo una retrotraducción por 2 personas (una nativa inglesa y una traductora profesional) que no conocían el objetivo del estudio. Después de comparar las traducciones, se llegó a una versión previa del instrumento, que fue entonces aplicado en un estudio piloto con 45 pacientes con disfonía.
Resultados
Durante el estudio piloto no se modificó ni eliminó ninguno de los ítems originales. A partir de estos resultados se elaboró la versión final de la escala.
Discusión
La adaptación cultural al español de la VoiSS se ha realizado de acuerdo con criterios y pautas recomendados internacionalmente y los resultados del estudio piloto señalan su adecuación. La validación completa del instrumento está en marcha y concluirá próximamente.
Abstract
Aim
To carry out the cultural adaptation of the Spanish version of the Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) and its initial metric evaluation though a pilot study.
Method
The scale was translated by 3 bilingual experts in speech-therapy. A back translation procedure was performed by 2 experts (an English native and a professional translator) who were not aware of the aim of the study. After the comparison of the translation, a previous version of the instrument was produced, and then applied in a pilot study with 45 patients with dysphonia.
Results
During the process of translation and cultural adaptation, no original item was changed and/or eliminated. These findings were used to develop the final version of the scale.
Discussion
The cultural adaptation into Spanish of the VoiSS is performed according to international criteria and guidelines, and the results from the pilot study indicate its suitability. The validation of the instrument is currently underway and is very close to completion.
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P 135 - The effect of low back pain on lower extremity alignment during squat
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): E. Timurtaş, I. Demirbüken, A. Yıldız, M.G. Polat
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via IFTTT
Difference scores between single-task and dual-task gait measures are better than clinical measures for detection of fall-risk in community-dwelling older adults
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): D. Commandeur, M.D. Klimstra, S. MacDonald, K. Inouye, M. Cox, D. Chan, S.R. Hundza
Abstract
Background
As the proportion of older adults in the population increases, so does the associated prevalence of falls, making falls the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries among adults aged ≥65 years. In response, researchers and clinicians seek to develop a clinical tool that accurately predicts fall risk. These Investigations have included measures of clinical mobility and balance tests, strength, physiologically based tests, postural sway, and mean and variability of gait measures. To date, no study has concurrently explored all these measures to determine which measures, alone or in combination, emerge as the most predictive of fall risk. While there is evidence that dual-task gait conditions are sensitive indicators of fall risk, difference scores between dual-task and single-task gait conditions (DS) have not been explored.
Research question
This study included outcome measures representing diverse domains (clinical mobility and balance, strength, physiological, postural sway, and mean and variability of difference scores between dual- and single-task gait conditions) to determine the combination of measures that were the most sensitive for retrospectively classifying fallers from non-fallers.
Methods
Forty-two (mean: 75.8 yrs ± 3.3) community-dwelling older adults completed a comprehensive battery of 76 measures and classified into two groups based on self-report of having one or more falls in the previous year.
Results
Results suggest that 11 measures captured the salient characteristics of the total cohort (fallers (N = 27) and non-fallers (N = 15) and that five gait measures were sufficient for correctly classifying fallers and non-fallers with 92.3% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity with a total model classification of 82.9%.
Significance
The five variables comprise mean DS of stride timing, stride width, and stride length and DS in variability for stride width and stride velocity demonstrating that difference in performance between dual-task and single-task gait trials was essential for discriminating fallers and superior to other measures.
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via IFTTT
The functional, spatio-temporal and satisfaction outcomes of transtibial amputees with a hydrocast socket following an extended usage period in an under-resourced environment
Publication date: Available online 22 August 2018
Source: Gait & Posture
Author(s): Sheridan Laing, Peter V. Lee, Jim Lavranos, Noel Lythgo
Abstract
Background
Transtibial hydrocast sockets have been shown to be a potential alternative to hand-cast patella-tendon bearing sockets, the use of which would have particular benefits in under-resourced environments. However, data concerning wearer outcomes of hard hydrocast sockets (i.e. those without silicone liners), especially over long-term usage periods, is scarce in the literature.
Research questions
Are there any changes in wearer functional, spatio-temporal or satisfaction outcomes over a long usage period with a hydrocast socket? And how do the post-usage period outcomes compare with those from the wearers original prostheses?
Methods
In this pre-post interventional study, the clinical outcomes of twenty-one experienced transtibial prostheses users were evaluated using widely-accepted and employed methods to assess wearer functional capacity, mobility, gait and satisfaction. The participants were fit with a hard hydrocast socket and the outcomes after an extensive usage period of 5 months were compared to the pre-usage period data following initial fitting and the data collected from the participants’ original prosthetic limb.
Results
Significant differences were found in the temporal parameters of gait, all indicating decreased reliance on the intact limb and an increased loading of the prosthetic limb with the post-usage period hydrocast socket compared to both the pre-usage period socket and the participants’ original limbs. No differences in the functional capacity, mobility, spatial gait parameter or satisfaction were found between the socket conditions.
Significance
This is the largest study of functional, spatio-temporal and satisfaction outcomes of hydrocast sockets following an extended usage period in an under-resourced environment to date.
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via IFTTT
La resonancia del cante flamenco: un estudio acústico y comparativo con el canto clásico
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Marina Garzón, Juana Muñoz
Resumen
En la evaluación vocal del cantante no basta con diagnosticar si existe resonancia, sino qué cualidad tiene. Una voz resonada tiene un amplio contenido armónico y puede lograrse con técnicas diversas.
Objetivo
Validar la hipótesis del tenor Alfredo Krauss, que plantea que el cantaor flamenco utiliza los senos paranasales con objeto de naturalizar el sonido, denominándola «técnica de la i», pues se logra igualando los sonidos al de esta vocal. Tradujimos esta hipótesis a parámetros acústicos utilizando la singing power ratio (SPR) como medida de resonancia de diferentes vocales.
Método
La muestra se dividió en: a) grupo experimental flamenco (GEF), compuesto por 23 cantaores reclutados en la Fundación Cristina Heeren de arte flamenco, en la escuela de flamenco El Garrotín y en la escuela Reina Sofía de Granada, y b) grupo control clásico (GCC), compuesto por 21 cantantes clásicos de los conservatorios superiores de música Cristóbal de Morales de Sevilla y Victoria Eugenia de Granada. Todos los participantes contaban con más de dos años de práctica. Se calculó el SPR en fonación sostenida cantada con el algoritmo de la transformada rápida de Fourier para las vocales /a/, /i/, /u/ y se realizó una comparativa entre grupos mediante un ANOVA.
Resultados
Se encontraron diferencias significativas exclusivamente en la vocal /i/, donde el GEF obtuvo mayores valores de resonancia que el GCC (con una diferencia de hasta 7 dB).
Conclusiones
El apoyo del sonido en la vocal /i/ indica cómo colocan el tracto vocal los cantaores para amplificar su sonido, tal y como postula Krauss. Por tanto, la técnica de colocación en el flamenco difiere de la del clásico.
Abstract
In a singeŕs vocal assessment it is not sufficient to diagnose the existence of resonance without also specifying its quality. A resonated voice has a broad harmonic content and can be achieved in many ways.
Objective
To analyze and validate Alfredo Krausśs hypothesis on the use of paranasal sinuses by flamenco singers, in order to naturalize voice sound, also called “/i/ technique”, equalizing all sounds based on this vowel. We translated this hypothesis into acoustic parameters using Singing Power Ratio (SPR) as a resonance measure of different vowels.
Method
Participants were divided into: a) Flamenco Experimental Group (FEG), 23 flamenco singers recruited from the Cristina Heeren Foundation in Seville, Garrotín Flamenco School and Reina Sofía Flamenco School in Granada, and b) Classical Control Group (CCG), 21 classical singers from the Cristobal de Morales conservatory in Seville and Victoria Eugenia conservatory in Granada. All the participants had over 2 years of experience. The SPR was calculated in sustained phonation tasks using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) algorithm for the vowels /a/, /i/, /u/. A comparative assessment between the groups was made using ANOVA.
Results
Significant differences were found only in /i/, where the FEG obtained higher resonance values than CCG (up to 7 bB difference).
Conclusions
Sound support in the vowel /i/ indicates how flamenco singers place vocal tract to amplify voice sound during singing, as Krauss suggests. Therefore, flamenco singers’ resonance technique differs from the classical.
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Adaptación cultural y estudio piloto de la versión española de la Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS)
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2018
Source: Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Antonio Velandrino Nicolás, Francisco Cabello Luque, María Parra Villazala, M. José Nicolás Morales, Elena Losana Perales
Resumen
Objetivo
Realizar la adaptación cultural de la versión española de la Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) y su evaluación métrica inicial mediante un estudio piloto.
Método
La escala fue traducida por 3 expertos en Logopedia. Se llevó a cabo una retrotraducción por 2 personas (una nativa inglesa y una traductora profesional) que no conocían el objetivo del estudio. Después de comparar las traducciones, se llegó a una versión previa del instrumento, que fue entonces aplicado en un estudio piloto con 45 pacientes con disfonía.
Resultados
Durante el estudio piloto no se modificó ni eliminó ninguno de los ítems originales. A partir de estos resultados se elaboró la versión final de la escala.
Discusión
La adaptación cultural al español de la VoiSS se ha realizado de acuerdo con criterios y pautas recomendados internacionalmente y los resultados del estudio piloto señalan su adecuación. La validación completa del instrumento está en marcha y concluirá próximamente.
Abstract
Aim
To carry out the cultural adaptation of the Spanish version of the Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) and its initial metric evaluation though a pilot study.
Method
The scale was translated by 3 bilingual experts in speech-therapy. A back translation procedure was performed by 2 experts (an English native and a professional translator) who were not aware of the aim of the study. After the comparison of the translation, a previous version of the instrument was produced, and then applied in a pilot study with 45 patients with dysphonia.
Results
During the process of translation and cultural adaptation, no original item was changed and/or eliminated. These findings were used to develop the final version of the scale.
Discussion
The cultural adaptation into Spanish of the VoiSS is performed according to international criteria and guidelines, and the results from the pilot study indicate its suitability. The validation of the instrument is currently underway and is very close to completion.
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via IFTTT
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