Effects of noni on cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation of gingiva-derived stem cells demonstrated by RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of noni on cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation of gingiva-derived stem cells demonstrated by RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):32. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10954. Epub 2021 Nov 8. ABSTRACT Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) has been widely used in traditional medicine across tropical and subtropical regions, and is now being paid more attention in Western medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of noni extract on the change in the cellular morphology, maintenance of cellular viability and enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Stem cells obtained from gingiva were cultured where noni extracts existed at concentrations ranging from 10-200 ng/ml. Evaluations of cell morphology and cellular viability were performed. Alkaline phosphatase activity assays were performed to assess the osteogenic differentiation. Alizarin Red S staining was performed to evaluate the calcium deposits in the culture, with the addition of noni extract. Global gene expression was analyzed via next-generation mRNA sequenc ing. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were performed to determine the associated mechanisms. Validation procedures were performed via quantitative (q)PCR analysis. The addition of noni at concentrations ranging from 10-200 ng/ml did not produce significant morphological changes. There were significantly higher values of cellular viability, with the highest value at 100 ng/ml compared with the control (P<0.05). Furthermore, significantly higher values of alkaline phosphatase activity was noted in the 10 and 100 ng/ml groups compared with the 0 ng/ml group on day 7 (P<0.05). Alizarin Red S staining revealed calcium deposits in each group. In addition, the highest value for Alizarin Red S staining was observed at 100 ng/ml compared with the unloaded control (P<0.05). qPCR analysis demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of RUNX2, BSP, OCN and COL1A1 increased following treatment with noni. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that noni extract has en hancing effects on gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells, by enhancing cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation. PMID:34824640 | PMC:PMC8611496 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10954 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Morphological classification and changes in dementia (Review)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Morphological classification and changes in dementia (Review) Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):33. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10955. Epub 2021 Nov 9. ABSTRACT The progressive functional decline that involves both cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms characteristic to dementia is one of the leading research topics. The risk for dementia is an intertwined mix between aging, genetic risk factors, and environmental influences. APOEε4, which is one of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) alleles, is the major genetic risk factor for late-onset of the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's. Advances in machine learning have led to the development of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to help diagnose dementia by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to detect it in the preclinical stage. The basis of the determinations starts from the morphometry of cerebral atrophies. The present review focused on MRI techniques which are a leading tool in identifying cortical atrophy, white matter dysfunctionalities, c erebral vessel quality (as a factor for cognitive impairment) and metabolic asymmetries. In addition, a brief overview of Alzheimer's disease was presented and recent neuroimaging in the field of dementia with an emphasis on structural MR imaging and more powerful methods such as diffusion tensor imaging, quantitative susceptibility mapping, and magnetic transfer imaging were explored in order to propose a simple systematic approach for the diagnosis and treatment of dementia. PMID:34824641 | PMC:PMC8611489 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10955 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Relationship between Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Hearing Loss: A 10‐Year Retrospective Cohort Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Relationship between Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Hearing Loss: A 10‐Year Retrospective Cohort Study Via Clinical Otolaryngology ABSTRACT Objective The role of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in developing hearing loss remains uncertain. Thus, our objective was to analyze the connection between hearing loss and ideal CVH metrics in a 10-year retrospective cohort. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting A health management center in Taiwan. Participants Participants who underwent the first annual health check-up between 2000 and 2006 and with a follow-up check-up more than ten years later. Main outcome measures Hearing thresholds were measured at 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 4000 Hz. Individuals with a best ear pure-tone audiometry four-frequency average of >25 dB HL were defined as having hearing loss. The ideal CVH metrics were classified into 7 categories based on the American Heart Association's definition. The associations of hearing loss with the sum of the ideal CVH metrics and each ideal CVH metric were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The present study consisted of 6,974 participants. The 10-year follow-up showed that the odds ratio (OR) of hearing loss was 0.74 for participants with 5-7 ideal CVH metrics (95% CI, 0.59-0.93, p=0.01) compared to those with 0-2 ideal CVH metrics. Among the CVH metrics, participants with an ideal smoking status might have reduced odds of developing hearing loss; the OR was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.58-0.89, p=0.003). Conclusions Participants with an increased number of ideal CVH metrics and better performance on the smoking metric had a significantly protective effect regarding hearing loss development. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cochleovestibular involvement in patients with Fabry disease: data from the multicenter cohort FFABRY

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cochleovestibular involvement in patients with Fabry disease: data from the multicenter cohort FFABRY Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Nov 26. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07173-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disease responsible for cochleovestibular involvement. Exact prevalence and pathophysiological mechanisms behind ENT affections are still poorly known. Treating FD with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) does not seem to significantly improve the ENT symptoms, while the impact of migalastat has yet to be determined. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective multi-centre study on 47 patients from the FFABRY cohort who had an ENT consultation in the context of their FD. The information collected were as follows: clinical examination, videonystagmoscopy, pure-tone speech audiometry, videonystagmography or VHIT (Video Head Impulse Test). Severe hearing loss was defined as greater than 70 dB. RESULTS: The median age of our cohort was 52 years with a non-negligible proportion of n on-classic variants and female carriers. 72.3% of the patients complained of at least one of the following symptoms: hearing loss, tinnitus or vertigo. Pure-tone audiometry was abnormal in 61.7% of the patients (29/47), while speech audiometry was abnormal for 41.7% of the patients. The age of the patients and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were significantly associated with the existence of an anomaly in pure-tone audiometry results. Severe hearing loss (> 70 dB) was significantly more common in male patients. DISCUSSION: Hearing loss is particularly frequent in FD and is not limited to classic phenotypes. Close ENT follow-up is essential for Fabry patients to detect those who might benefit from hearing aid. Further studies are needed to define the impact of migalastat on cochleovestibular symptoms. PMID:34825971 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07173-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Insula: A Stimulating Island of the Brain

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Insula: A Stimulating Island of the Brain Via cortical auditory Brain Sci. 2021 Nov 19;11(11):1533. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11111533. ABSTRACT Direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in epilepsy surgery patients has a long history of functional brain mapping and seizure triggering. Here, we review its findings when applied to the insula in order to map the insular functions, evaluate its local and distant connections, and trigger seizures. Clinical responses to insular DCS are frequent and diverse, showing a partial segregation with spatial overlap, including a posterior somatosensory, auditory, and vestibular part, a central olfactory-gustatory region, and an anterior visceral and cognitive-emotional portion. The study of cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) has shown that the anterior (resp. posterior) insula has a higher connectivity rate with itself than with the posterior (resp. anterior) insula, and that both the anterior and posterior insula are closely connected, notably between the homologous insula r subdivisions. All insular gyri show extensive and complex ipsilateral and contralateral extra-insular connections, more anteriorly for the anterior insula and more posteriorly for the posterior insula. As a rule, CCEPs propagate first and with a higher probability around the insular DCS site, then to the homologous region, and later to more distal regions with fast cortico-cortical axonal conduction delays. Seizures elicited by insular DCS have rarely been specifically studied, but their rate does not seem to differ from those of other DCS studies. They are mainly provoked from the insular seizure onset zone but can also be triggered by stimulating intra- and extra-insular early propagation zones. Overall, in line with the neuroimaging studies, insular DCS studies converge on the view that the insula is a multimodal functional hub with a fast propagation of information, whose organization helps understand where insular seizures start and how they propagate. PMID:34827532 | DOI:10.3390/brainsci11111533 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Paraneoplastic acute vestibular syndrome: What, when and how

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Paraneoplastic acute vestibular syndrome: What, when and how Via Acta Otorrinolaringologica English Publication date: November–December 2021 Source: Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition), Volume 72, Issue 6 Author(s): Carolina Moreno-de-Jesús, Lucía Prieto-Sánchez-de-Puerta, Irene Mármol-Szombathy, Emilio Domínguez-Durán View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rare anastomosis between a replaced right hepatic artery and left branch of the proper hepatic artery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rare anastomosis between a replaced right hepatic artery and left branch of the proper hepatic artery Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02863-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Appreciation of the potential anatomical variation of the hepatic arterial supply and branches of the abdominal aorta is of paramount importance in pancreatic and hepatobiliary surgery. Here we describe a hitherto un-reported coelio-mesenteric anastomotic connection between a replaced right hepatic artery, originating from the superior mesenteric artery, and the left hepatic branc h of the proper hepatic artery. The embryological origins of the variant anatomy as well as its potential surgical implications are discussed with a view to encourage thorough pre-operative interrogation of available imaging by radiologists and surgeons to successfully identify such variants and take advantage of their potentially useful functionality. PMID:34837499 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02863-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Double‐Barrel Versus Single‐Barrel Fibula Flaps for Mandibular Reconstruction: Safety and Outcomes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Double‐Barrel Versus Single‐Barrel Fibula Flaps for Mandibular Reconstruction: Safety and Outcomes Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Fibula flaps are routinely used for osseous reconstruction of head and neck defects. However, single-barrel fibula flaps may result in a height discrepancy between native mandible and grafted bone, limiting outcomes from both an aesthetic and dental standpoint. The double-barrel fibula flap aims to resolve this. We present our institution's outcomes comparing both flap designs. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all patients undergoing free fibula flap mandibular reconstruction at our institution between October 2008 and October 2020. Patients were grouped based on whether they underwent single-barrel or double-barrel reconstruction. Postoperative outcomes data were collected and compared between groups. Differences in categorical and continuous variables were assessed using a Chi-square test or Student's t-test, respectively. Results Out of 168 patients, 126 underwent single-barrel and 42 underwent double-barrel reconstruction. There was no significant difference in postoperative morbidity between approaches, including total complications (P = .37), flap-related complications (P = .62), takeback to the operating room (P = .75), flap salvage (P = .66), flap failure (P = .45), and mortality (P = .19). In addition, there was no significant difference in operative time (P = .86) or duration of hospital stay (P = .17). After adjusting for confounders, primary dental implantation was significantly higher in the double-barrel group (odds ratio, 3.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–7.6; P = .019). Conclusion Double-barrel fibula flap mandibular reconstruction can be performed safely without increased postoperative morbidity or duration of hospital stay relative to single-barrel reconstruction. Moreover, the double-barrel approach is associated with higher odds of primary dental implantation and may warrant further consideration as part of an expanded toolkit for achieving early dental rehabilitation. Level of Evidence III Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.