Diabetes Mellitus as a Prognostic Factor for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diabetes Mellitus as a Prognostic Factor for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2495-2501. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12530. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Currently, the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on rectal cancer patients is complex and just partly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on rectal cancer patients focusing on tumor differentiation grade, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) response, disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our study's population consisted of a group of 53 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer, who underwent NACRT, followed by radical oncological surgery. This patient population was further divided into two groups according to diabetes presence. RESULTS: Downstaging rates, local control, DFS, and OS were lower in the DM subgroup compared to the non-DM locally advanced rectal cancer patients. CONCLUSION: The presence of DM at the time of diagnosis o f locally advanced rectal cancer patients may be a negative predictive factor for response to neoadjuvant therapy, distant metastases, and local recurrences rates. PMID:34182536 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12530 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Primary Leiomyoma of the Visceral Pleura: An Unexpected Occurrence

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Primary Leiomyoma of the Visceral Pleura: An Unexpected Occurrence Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2457-2463. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12525. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor originating from smooth muscle fibres. In the respiratory tract, these tumors are rare and in the pleura, cases are exceptional, with only a few reported so far. This is the main reason we decided to present this case of primary leiomyoma of the visceral pleura. CASE REPORT: We present a case of a 51-year-old asymptomatic patient who, during a routine medical examination using standard chest radiography, presented with a 3 by 2 cm homogenous mass in the right superior pulmonary area, tangent to the chest wall (same level with the 3rd rib). Further investigation using computed tomography (CT) in the chest confirmed the presence of a 31/18 mm solid mass in the right upper lobe, in contact with the parietal pleura. Surgery was performed for two reasons: i) removal of the tumoral mass and ii) establi shing a histopathological diagnosis. Intraoperatively, a well-defined, homogenous, ivory white non-infiltrating mass was discovered in the right upper lobe on the visceral pleura and in close proximity to the minor fissure. The mass was removed with negative surgical margins and was left with healthy tissue. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry came as a surprise, establishing our diagnosis of leiomyoma. CONCLUSION: Primitive pleural leiomyoma must remain a possibility when considering the differential diagnosis of pleural tumors. The main course of treatment is complete surgical resection. In our case, long-term follow up did not present any local recurrence. PMID:34182531 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12525 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chronic Treatment of an Advanced Prostate-cancer Patient With Oral Methioninase Resulted in Long-term Stabilization of Rapidly Rising PSA Levels

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chronic Treatment of an Advanced Prostate-cancer Patient With Oral Methioninase Resulted in Long-term Stabilization of Rapidly Rising PSA Levels Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2171-2176. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12488. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Advanced prostate cancer is a recalcitrant disease with very limited treatment options. Our laboratory discovered methionine addiction, presumably a characteristic of all cancer types, including prostate cancer, which can be targeted by methionine restriction (MR), through treatment with oral recombinant methioninase (o-rMETase). PATIENTS AND METHODS: o-rMETase was produced by fermentation of recombinant E. coli containing the Pseudomonas putida methioninase gene, and purified by column chromatography. An advanced prostate cancer patient received o-rMETase as a supplement, 500 units per day, divided into two oral doses of 250 units each. RESULTS: Before treatment, the patient had a rapid rise in PSA levels, from 39 to 56 ng/ml, within 6 weeks. At the 15th week of o-rMETase administration, the PSA levels stabilized at 62 ng /ml. No overt side effects were observed. CONCLUSION: o-rMETase single treatment can be beneficial for advanced prostate cancer patients. PMID:34182494 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12488 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Short-term Outcomes of Liver Resection in Patients With Hemodialysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Short-term Outcomes of Liver Resection in Patients With Hemodialysis Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2465-2468. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12526. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The number of patients with hemodialysis is increasing increased yearly. Few reports are available on hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal surgery in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 222 patients who underwent partial liver resection or segmentectomy in our hospital between January 2015 and September 2019 were included in this study. Patients were divided into the hemodialysis group (n=9) and non-hemodialysis group (n=213). RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in postoperative complications between the hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis group. The hemodialysis group had a significantly higher infectious complication rates than the non-hemodialysis group (33.3% vs. 8.0%, p=0.009). In logistic regression analysis, hemodialysis was only a significant risk factor for postoperative infectious complications (OR=5.61, 95 % CI=1.12-28.20, p=0.036). CONCLUSION: Liver resections, at least segmentectomy or smaller, is acceptable in patients on hemodialysis. However, these patients may have a higher risk of postoperative infectious complications than other patients. PMID:34182532 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12526 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Multicenter Study of Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Oropharyngeal Non-squamous Cell Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Multicenter Study of Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Oropharyngeal Non-squamous Cell Carcinoma Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2239-2245. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12496. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: To evaluate treatment outcomes of carbon-ion radiotherapy for oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma at four carbon-ion facilities in Japan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 33 patients with oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy between November 2003 and December 2014. RESULTS: The histology included adenoid cystic carcinoma (n=25) and mucosal malignant melanoma (n=4). No patients had T1 tumors; 23 had T4 tumors. The most-commonly prescribed dose was 57.6 Gy (RBE) in 16 fractions. The median follow-up period was 34.8 months (range=4.2-122.8 months). The 3-year local control and overall survival rates were 94.7% and 90.7%, respectively. There were no grade ≥4 acute adverse events. Only one patient experienced a grade ≥4 late adverse event. No patien ts experienced late adverse events related to swallowing or salivary function. CONCLUSION: Carbon-ion radiotherapy appears to be a promising treatment option for oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma. PMID:34182502 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12496 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinicopathological Characteristics of Microscopic Tubal Intraepithelial Metastases from Adenocarcinoma and Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinicopathological Characteristics of Microscopic Tubal Intraepithelial Metastases from Adenocarcinoma and Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2469-2481. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12527. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Some metastatic tumors that involve the fallopian tube show intraepithelial spread, mimicking primary tubal neoplasm and representing a potential diagnostic pitfall. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of tubal intraepithelial metastasis (IEM) from cervical carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the clinical features, histological features, and immunophenotypes of IEMs in five patients with cervical carcinoma. RESULTS: This study included usual-type (1/5), mucinous-type (1/5), and gastric-type (2/5) endocervical adenocarcinomas and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (1/5) cases. None of the patients had ovarian metastasis, but metastatic tumor cells spread along the tubal mucosal surface and partially replaced the lining epithelium. Histological features of metastatic tumors closely r esembled those of the primary tumors in all cases. CONCLUSION: Tubal IEM can mimic various tubal lesions including serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma. Morphological consistency between the primary and metastatic tumors and immunostaining help guide the differential diagnosis of challenging intraepithelial lesions of the fallopian tube. PMID:34182533 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12527 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Lung Shunt Reduction for Yttrium-90 Radioembolization: Chemoembolization Versus Radioembolization

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Lung Shunt Reduction for Yttrium-90 Radioembolization: Chemoembolization <em>Versus</em> Radioembolization Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2305-2312. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12504. ABSTRACT AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of chemoembolization versus radioembolization in reducing lung shunt fraction (LSF) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, from March 2012 to January 2021, 457 patients with HCC underwent planning angiography and 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin imaging for possible yttrium-90 radioembolization. Ten patients underwent radioembolization, and seven patients underwent conventional chemoembolization for LSF reduction, and a second 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin imaging was obtained approximately 1 month later. LSF under both procedures was compared with the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: In the radioembolization group, the mean first and second LSF were 13.0±6.9% and 20.9±9.6%, respectively (p=0.059); after radi oembolization, LSF was lower in three patients but higher in seven patients. In the chemoembolization group, the mean first and second LSF were 26.1±17.3% and 8.7±5.5%, respectively (p=0.018); after chemoembolization, LSF was reduced in all seven patients. CONCLUSION: Chemoembolization appears to be more effective in reducing LSF within 1 month compared with radioembolization. PMID:34182510 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12504 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intestinal Barrier Biomarker ZO1 and Endotoxin Are Increased in Blood of Patients With COVID-19-associated Pneumonia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intestinal Barrier Biomarker ZO1 and Endotoxin Are Increased in Blood of Patients With COVID-19-associated Pneumonia Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2483-2488. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12528. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: The present study was undertaken to investigate (i) whether hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia present intestinal barrier dysfunction with consequent translocation of endotoxin into the systemic circulation and (ii) whether intestinal barrier biomarkers have any prognostic role in terms of progression to severe respiratory failure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 22 patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia and 19 patients with non-COVID-19-related community-acquired pneumonia (CAP group) were studied while 12 healthy persons comprised the control group. Blood samples were collected on admission and analysed for serum levels of endotoxin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO1). Clinical courses regarding progression to severe respiratory failure (SRF) requiring mechanical ventilation were recorded. RESULTS: Patient s with COVID-19-associated pneumonia and patients with CAP presented significantly higher serum endotoxin and ZO1 concentrations on admission as compared to healthy controls. There was no difference in endotoxin levels between patients with COVID-19-related pneumonia and patients with CAP. In patients with COVID-19-related pneumonia, serum endotoxin concentrations were positively correlated with C-reactive protein and ferritin values. There were no significant differences in serum endotoxin and ZO1 concentrations between patients with severe and not severe COVID-19-related pneumonia, nor between patients who developed SRF and those who did not Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19-related pneumonia present intestinal barrier dysfunction leading to systemic endotoxemia. Admission values of endotoxin and ZO1 do not have any prognostic role for progression to SRF. PMID:34182534 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12528 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Relevance of Circulating Nucleosomes, HMGB1 and sRAGE for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Relevance of Circulating Nucleosomes, HMGB1 and sRAGE for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2207-2212. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12492. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Evasion from cell death occurs in prostate cancer (PCa). We verified whether serum levels of cell death markers can have diagnostic value in PCa. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 233 men scheduled for prostate biopsy [prostate specific antigen (PSA) level: 2-10 ng/ml] were enrolled. Serum nucleosomes, nucleosomes containing the H3 histone (H3), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) were analyzed by enzyme immunoassays. RESULTS: There were no differences (p>0.05) in nucleosomes, H3, and sRAGE levels between patients with and without PCa or clinically significant PCa (csPCa). HMGB1 had lower levels in PCa patients (p=0.023) and was a predictor of PCa (p=0.047), but not of csPCa (p=0.180). CONCLUSION: In patients with critical PSA levels between 2-10 ng/ml, HMGB1 had some diagnostic value for overall PCa detection, but it was not predictive of csPCa. Nucleosomes, H3 and sRAGE did not discriminate between PCa or csPCa and controls. PMID:34182498 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12492 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Feasibility and Oncological Safety of Axillary Reverse Mapping in Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and Partial Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Feasibility and Oncological Safety of Axillary Reverse Mapping in Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and Partial Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2489-2494. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12529. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) aims to identify and preserve arm drainage in order to prevent lymphedema following axillary lymph node dissection. Oncological-safety and feasibility are still debated, especially in patients with locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC). We report the first case of the AXMAP 1.0 study performed in our Institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 52-year-old patient with a triple-negative LABC and partial response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy underwent axillary lymph-node dissection using fluorescence ARM. RESULTS: Two lymph-nodes draining the ipsilateral upper arm were identified and were not preserved due to suspicion of malignancy. Pathological examination confirmed the presence of malignancy in both lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: Further studies should be designed in order to validate the oncological safety of this technique, especially in patients with LABC requiring neoadjuvant chemotherapy. PMID:34182535 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12529 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Oridonin Attenuates the Effects of Chronic Alcohol Consumption Inducing Oxidative, Glycative and Inflammatory Injury in the Mouse Liver

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oridonin Attenuates the Effects of Chronic Alcohol Consumption Inducing Oxidative, Glycative and Inflammatory Injury in the Mouse Liver Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2021 Jul-Aug;35(4):2141-2149. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12484. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Oridonin (Ori) is a diterpenoid naturally present in medicinal plants with a potential as an antioxidant agent. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatic anti-oxidative, anti-glycative and anti-inflammatory properties of Ori at 0.125 and 0.25% against chronic ethanol intake in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were divided into five groups: i) normal diet group, ii) Ori group, iii) ethanol diet (Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol) group, iv) ethanol diet plus 0.125% Ori and v) ethanol diet plus 0.25% Ori. After 8 weeks of Ori supplementation, blood and liver tissue were used for analyses. RESULTS: Ethanol increased the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, decreased glutathione content, and lowered the activity of glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase and catalase. Ethanol suppressed the hepatic mRNA expre ssion of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2. Ori supplements reversed these changes. Ethanol increased hepatic Ne-(carboxyethymethyl)-lysine (CML) and pentosidine levels, and enhanced aldose reductase (AR) activity and mRNA expression. Ori supplements at only 0.25% decreased CML and pentosidine levels, and lowered the AR activity as well as its mRNA expression. Ethanol increased the hepatic release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta1, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6. Histological data showed that ethanol induced necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, while Ori supplements alleviated these inflammatory responses. Ethanol up-regulated the hepatic mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa B, myeloperoxidase and p38. Ori supplements reversed these changes. CONCLUSIONS: These novel findings suggest that Ori could be used as a potent agent against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. PMID:34182490 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12484 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.