Hypothesis: In the literature several surgical methods have been reported that aim to improve hearing in patients with isolated malleus fractures; however, it is still not clear which method gives the best results. Background: In this study, laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) was used to compare the outcome of different surgical methods on malleus fractures in fresh frozen human temporal bones. Methods: Fractured malleus shafts of defrosted human temporal bones were repaired with bone cement, with a malleus prosthesis from cortical bone, or with a partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) from cortical bone, and LDV measurements were obtained for analysis. Results: The best result was achieved with the bone cement only, applied directly at the site of the fracture. The malleus prosthesis and the PORP gave similar results. Conclusion: All three surgical methods gave good results, but when the distal end of the fractured malleus can be attached close to the proximal end, the technique using only cement tends to be the best option. If the parts are too far apart, a malleus prosthesis or a PORP would be good options. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Πέμπτη 2 Ιουνίου 2016
FleQ, a Transcriptional Activator, Is Required for Biofilm Formation In Vitro but Does Not Alter Virulence in a Cholesteatomas Model.
Hypothesis: Bacterial biofilm formation within cholesteatomas is responsible for increased persistence and tissue destruction and Pseudomonas aeruginosa deficient in biofilm formation (PAO1 [DELTA]fleQ) are less virulent than the parent bacteria. Background: Infected aural cholesteatomas have been demonstrated to be more destructive than uninfected cholesteatomas and infections are more persistent. The chronicity and persistence of infections within cholesteatomas may be because of the presence of biofilm formation. Methods: Twenty-seven mutant strains of PAO1 were screened for surface adherence. These strains were also screened for static biofilm formation. The biofilms were quantified by staining with crystal violet. Aural cholesteatomas were then induced in Mongolian gerbils by ligation of the ear canal. At the time of ligation, the ear canals were inoculated with wild-type PAO1 and a biofilm deficient PAO1 [DELTA]fleQ strain of P. aeruginosa. A 7 weeks course of ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg/day) was started on postoperative day 7. Eight weeks after induction of cholesteatomas, the cholesteatoma size, levels of bone destruction, and levels of bone remodeling were evaluated using microCT imaging. Results: PAO1 [DELTA]fleQ was identified as a poorly adherent and deficient biofilm forming mutant strain of P. aeruginosa. Infected cholesteatomas had more growth, bone destruction and bone remodeling than uninfected cholesteatomas. However, there was no difference observed between cholesteatomas infected with PAO1 (biofilm competent strain) and PAO1 [DELTA]fleQ (biofilm deficient strain). Conclusion: We demonstrate that the biofilm phenotype is not an important virulence factor in cholesteatomas infected with P. aeruginosa. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Reexamination of Etiology and Surgical Outcome in Patient With Advanced External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma.
Objective: To describe the etiology of advanced cases of external auditory canal (EAC) cholesteatoma (EACC), and to report the surgical management and outcomes based on canalplasty depending on the extent of adjacent structures involvement around the EAC. Study Design: Retrospective case review. Setting: University hospital. Patients: Participants comprised 28 patients (12 males, 16 females) ranging in age from 9 to 86 years old. All patients presented with advanced-stage EACC (Naim's classification: stage III/IV). Intervention: Surgery ranged from simple bony meatoplasty with cartilage graft repair to more enlarged EAC canalplasty combined with tympanoplasty. Result: EACC was categorized as idiopathic in 22 patients and secondary EACC in six patients. Six patients with idiopathic EACC were receiving hemodialysis, one of whom showed bilateral pathology. Particularly in cases with epithelial invasion into the hypotympanum immediately adjacent to the jugular bulb, multi-layered repair including bone paste, post-auricular pedicled musculo-periosteal flap, auto cartilage, and temporalis muscle fascia were required. Five patients required revision surgery (17%), including one case of recurrent (reconstructed) cholesteatoma and three cases of perforation of the tympanic membrane. Conclusion: In the majority of our series, underlying diseases followed with microangiopathy and angiogenesis could be possible candidates in the etiology of EACC. Enlarged bony meatoplasty and multilayered reconstruction surgery brought about self-cleaning and dried the EAC in advanced-stage EACC. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Healing Human Moderate and Large Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforations Using Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, 0.3% Ofloxacin Eardrops, and Gelfoam Patching.
Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 0.3% ofloxacin eardrops (OFLX), and Gelfoam patching on the healing of human moderate and large traumatic tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs). Study Design: A prospective, quasi-randomized, controlled clinical study. Setting: A University-affiliated teaching hospital. Subjects and Methods: We performed a quasi-randomized prospective analysis between January 2010 and December 2014. All patients had traumatic TMPs covering areas >25% of the entire tympanic membrane. The closure rates, closure times, hearing gains, and rates of otorrhea in patients who underwent conservative observation, Gelfoam patching, topical bFGF application, and direct application of OFLX were compared. Results: We ultimately included 185 patients. Closure rates did not significantly differ among the four groups (p = 0.257). Post-hoc multiple comparisons also showed that the closure rates did not differ between any two groups (p > 0.083). The mean closure times were 25.6 +/- 13.32, 12.3 +/- 8.15, 14.3 +/- 5.44, and 13.97 +/- 8.82 days for the observation, bFGF, Gelfoam patch, and OFLX groups, respectively. The closure times of the four groups differed significantly (p 0.0083). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that OFLX, bFGF, and Gelfoam patching accelerated the closure of human moderate and large traumatic TMPs. Hence, treatment of human traumatic TMPs should be revisited clinically. Topical application of OFLX may be recommended, because OFLX is more easily available and convenient than bFGF or Gelfoam patch for otology outpatients. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Residual Hearing Outcomes After Cochlear Implant Surgery Using Ultra-flexible 28-mm Electrodes.
Objective: To evaluate the preservation of low frequency residual hearing after cochlear implant surgery using an electrode for atraumatic implantation and complete cochlear stimulation. Study Design: Retrospective clinical record study. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Fifty-six patients with functional deafness who had undergone cochlear implant surgery and received a Flex28 electrode (MED-EL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria) between 2011 and 2014. Intervention: Audiometric testing was performed before surgery and at the time of initial fitting. Main Outcome Measure: Change in low frequency residual hearing measured by pure tone audiometry. Results: Preoperative hearing was relatively poor. After surgery low frequency residual hearing was partially preserved in most cases, however there was a significant hearing loss at all frequencies compared with the preoperative state. In only 23% of all cases complete hearing preservation was observed. Conclusion: Despite the use of a flexible electrode, complete preservation of low frequency residual hearing can only be achieved in a minority of patients. The use of a full insertion electrode of 28 mm in patients with poor preoperative thresholds does not allow for usable additional hearing at present. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Audiologic Outcomes in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
Objective: The focus of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, type, and severity of hearing impairment in patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) and to compare these characteristics with patient demographics and other otologic factors. Study Design: Retrospective analysis of the AudGen Database. Setting: Tertiary academic referral center. Patients: Pediatric patients in AudGenDB with a diagnosis EDS. Interventions: Appropriate audiologic, otologic, and demographic data were recorded. Main Outcome Measure: One hundred forty one patients met inclusion criteria. Data for each patient were selected based on their first encounter by age with available audiometric data or their first encounter with a type of hearing loss documented. The patients were then stratified by type and severity of hearing loss, and available otologic issues were documented. Results: One hundred nine patients had normal hearing. Thirty two patients had hearing loss, with 19 bilateral, and 13 unilateral. Of the 51 individual ears, 25 had conductive, 23 had sensorineural, and 3 had mixed hearing loss. Audiometric configuration was primarily flat in nature. The hearing loss severity was significantly correlated with age, but not influenced by the type of loss. Conclusion: Hearing loss is prevalent in patients with EDS. The hearing loss is equally of conductive and sensorineural origin, with a predisposition to be bilateral. Further evaluation of the underlying pathology of hearing loss in these patients is warranted to aid otolaryngologists and audiologists in diagnosis and management. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Narratives in Two Languages: Storytelling of Bilingual Cantonese–English Preschoolers
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare narratives generated by 4-year-old and 5-year-old children who were bilingual in English and Cantonese.
Method
The sample included 47 children (23 who were 4 years old and 24 who were 5 years old) living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, who spoke both Cantonese and English. The participants spoke and heard predominantly Cantonese in the home. Participants generated a story in English and Cantonese by using a wordless picture book; language order was counterbalanced. Data were transcribed and coded for story grammar, morphosyntactic quality, mean length of utterance in words, and the number of different words.
Results
Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed higher story grammar scores in English than in Cantonese, but no other significant main effects of language were observed. Analyses also revealed that older children had higher story grammar, mean length of utterance in words, and morphosyntactic quality scores than younger children in both languages. Hierarchical regressions indicated that Cantonese story grammar predicted English story grammar and Cantonese microstructure predicted English microstructure. However, no correlation was observed between Cantonese and English morphosyntactic quality.
Conclusions
The results of this study have implications for speech-language pathologists who collect narratives in Cantonese and English from bilingual preschoolers. The results suggest that there is a possible transfer in narrative abilities between the two languages.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Xmoxz9
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Narratives in Two Languages: Storytelling of Bilingual Cantonese–English Preschoolers
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare narratives generated by 4-year-old and 5-year-old children who were bilingual in English and Cantonese.
Method
The sample included 47 children (23 who were 4 years old and 24 who were 5 years old) living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, who spoke both Cantonese and English. The participants spoke and heard predominantly Cantonese in the home. Participants generated a story in English and Cantonese by using a wordless picture book; language order was counterbalanced. Data were transcribed and coded for story grammar, morphosyntactic quality, mean length of utterance in words, and the number of different words.
Results
Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed higher story grammar scores in English than in Cantonese, but no other significant main effects of language were observed. Analyses also revealed that older children had higher story grammar, mean length of utterance in words, and morphosyntactic quality scores than younger children in both languages. Hierarchical regressions indicated that Cantonese story grammar predicted English story grammar and Cantonese microstructure predicted English microstructure. However, no correlation was observed between Cantonese and English morphosyntactic quality.
Conclusions
The results of this study have implications for speech-language pathologists who collect narratives in Cantonese and English from bilingual preschoolers. The results suggest that there is a possible transfer in narrative abilities between the two languages.from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Xmoxz9
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Narratives in Two Languages: Storytelling of Bilingual Cantonese–English Preschoolers
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare narratives generated by 4-year-old and 5-year-old children who were bilingual in English and Cantonese.
Method
The sample included 47 children (23 who were 4 years old and 24 who were 5 years old) living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, who spoke both Cantonese and English. The participants spoke and heard predominantly Cantonese in the home. Participants generated a story in English and Cantonese by using a wordless picture book; language order was counterbalanced. Data were transcribed and coded for story grammar, morphosyntactic quality, mean length of utterance in words, and the number of different words.
Results
Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed higher story grammar scores in English than in Cantonese, but no other significant main effects of language were observed. Analyses also revealed that older children had higher story grammar, mean length of utterance in words, and morphosyntactic quality scores than younger children in both languages. Hierarchical regressions indicated that Cantonese story grammar predicted English story grammar and Cantonese microstructure predicted English microstructure. However, no correlation was observed between Cantonese and English morphosyntactic quality.
Conclusions
The results of this study have implications for speech-language pathologists who collect narratives in Cantonese and English from bilingual preschoolers. The results suggest that there is a possible transfer in narrative abilities between the two languages.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Xmoxz9
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Origin of the Thalamic Projection to Dorsal Auditory Cortex in Hearing and Deafness
Publication date: Available online 2 June 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Origin of the Thalamic Projection to Dorsal Auditory Cortex in Hearing and Deafness
Publication date: Available online 2 June 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Origin of the Thalamic Projection to Dorsal Auditory Cortex in Hearing and Deafness
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Origin of the Thalamic Projection to Dorsal Auditory Cortex in Hearing and Deafness
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Origin of the Thalamic Projection to Dorsal Auditory Cortex in Hearing and Deafness
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Melanie A. Kok, Stephen G. Lomber
While it is now well accepted that the brain reorganizes following sensory loss, the neural mechanisms that give rise to this plasticity are not well understood. Anatomical tract tracing studies have begun to shed light on the structural underpinnings of cross-modal reorganization by comparing cerebral connectivity in sensory-deprived animals to that of their non-deprived counterparts. However, so far, full documentation of connectional patterns within hearing, congenitally deaf, as well as animals deafened early versus later in life exist only for primary auditory cortex, a region not known to undergo cross-modal reorganization in the deaf. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine thalamo-cortical patterns of connectivity in hearing, late- and early-deafened cats to the dorsal zone (DZ), a region of auditory cortex that cross-modally reorganizes to mediate enhanced visual motion perception following deafness. In hearing cats, the largest projections to DZ arose from the dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB) with lesser projections originating in the medial and ventral MGB and from the suprageniculate and the lateral posterior nuclei. In general, while some variations in the strength of specific thalamic projections were noted, the pattern of projections arising from the thalamus in early- and late-deafened animals remained consistent with that of hearing subjects. These results complement the existing thalamic connectivity data described for congenitally deaf animals, which together demonstrate that thalamo-cortical connectivity patterns to DZ are conserved following deafness, irrespective of the time of onset and etiology of deafness.
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Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Contents List
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Agreement of the activPAL3 and activPAL for characterising posture and stepping in adults and children
Publication date: Available online 1 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Contents List
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Agreement of the activPAL3 and activPAL for characterising posture and stepping in adults and children
Publication date: Available online 1 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Contents List
Publication date: June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 47
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Agreement of the activPAL3 and activPAL for characterising posture and stepping in adults and children
Publication date: Available online 1 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Ceri Sellers, Philippa Dall, Margaret Grant, Ben Stansfield
Characterisation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour under free-living conditions is becoming increasingly important in light of growing evidence for the health implications of these behaviours. The integrity of long-term follow-up and the ability to compare outcomes between studies is critically dependent on the agreement of outcomes from successive generations of monitors. This study evaluated the agreement of the activPAL and second generation activPAL3 devices. Agreement was assessed in both adults (median 27.6y IQR 22.6) (n=20) and young people (median 12.0y IQR 4.1) (n=8) during standardised and daily living (ADL) test activities. During standardised activities; sedentary duration, upright duration, stepping duration and overall number of steps were all detected within small limits of agreement (≤5%). However, the activPAL characterised more steps during jogging than the activPAL3 (adults +8.36%, young people +6.80%). Also during ADL differences arose due to different posture characterisation in young people and lower step detection in the activPAL than the activPAL3 (adults −20.58%, young people −11.43%). Second-by-second posture analysis demonstrated high levels (>90%) of agreement for all activities between monitors. However, sensitivity (68.7%) and positive predictive value (78.8%) for adult stepping demonstrated disagreement between monitor interpretation of movement patterns during ADL. Agreement between monitor outcomes for standardised activities provides confidence that these outcomes can be considered almost equivalent. However, for characterisation of jogging and smaller movements during ADL it is likely that significant differences between monitor outcomes will arise.
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