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Τρίτη 14 Ιουνίου 2016
Direction-reversing Nystagmus in Horizontal and Posterior Semicircular Canal Canalolithiasis
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Delayed Extradural CSF Collection Following Pediatric Cochlear Implantation: Report of Two Cases
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Influence of Marital Status on Vestibular Schwannoma in the United States
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Cochlear Implantation Improves Spatial Release From Masking and Restores Localization Abilities in Single-sided Deaf Patients
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cochlear Implant Recipients
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Objectification and Differential Diagnosis of Vascular Pulsatile Tinnitus by Transcanal Sound Recording and Spectrotemporal Analysis: A Preliminary Study
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Flat-Panel CT Imaging for Individualized Pitch Mapping in Cochlear Implant Users
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Healing Human Moderate and Large Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforations Using Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, 0.3% Ofloxacin Eardrops, and Gelfoam Patching
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Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Pasquale Bottalico, Simone Graetzer, Arianna Astolfi, Eric J. Hunter
ObjectivesThe relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and fewer silence accumulations were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments.MethodsTwenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with organic voice disorders, (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03–0.9 to 3.16–10 seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated.ResultsRegarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15 seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15 seconds were higher for subjects with a structural disorder. A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%).ConclusionsAlthough previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal fatigue recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16 seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal fatigue and vocal recovery may relate to voice disorders in occupational voice users.
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Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Pasquale Bottalico, Simone Graetzer, Arianna Astolfi, Eric J. Hunter
ObjectivesThe relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and fewer silence accumulations were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments.MethodsTwenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with organic voice disorders, (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03–0.9 to 3.16–10 seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated.ResultsRegarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15 seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15 seconds were higher for subjects with a structural disorder. A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%).ConclusionsAlthough previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal fatigue recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16 seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal fatigue and vocal recovery may relate to voice disorders in occupational voice users.
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GABA Tinnitus
Many people have never experienced tinnitus, so they have no concept of how irritating and frustrating this condition can be. In fact, the constant ringing and buzzing sound can result in other health problems due to the stress tinnitus causes. Sometimes in mild cases of tinnitus, the sounds are not noticeable during waking hours when the sounds of everyday life drown the noise out. The condition often seems louder when the sufferer is trying to sleep, so regular sleep can be difficult to achieve.
Approximately two million residents of the United States are so affected by tinnitus that they are unable to sleep or work and some even choose suicide to end their anguish. There has been no cure for tinnitus thus far, so people who have it try various methods to deal with the problem. Some of the most common approaches include:
- Background music or sounds
- Sleeping pills or calming herbal remedies
- Avoid loud noises to prevent further damage
Scientists believe the primary reason that people develop tinnitus is due to hearing loss from loud noises. The inner ear is lined with hair cells that detect sound, and each is tuned to a different frequency. When any of these cells are damaged a gap in hearing ability is caused. Since the brain is missing auditory input from some hair cells, the neurons of the auditory cortex create phantom perceptions.
Although tinnitus research has been going on for years, there has been no cure of the condition found to date. However, there is a ray of hope on the horizon for those who experience constant noise. A recent study shows the possibility of a GABA tinnitus treatment becoming available in the future. Laboratory experiments using rats indicate tinnitus symptoms originate in the brain rather than the inner ear. A GABA tinnitus treatment may inhibit the auditory cortical neurons to alleviate tinnitus symptoms with a relatively low risk of side effects.
Various treatment strategies have been considered to minimize the symptoms of tinnitus. Two drugs in particular were shown to improve GABA tinnitus treatment in rats, but these drugs have serious side effects when used on humans. Further research is required in order to identify drugs that will help to inhibit the firing of auditory cortical neurons. In the meantime, the symptoms of tinnitus can be lessened by the reduction of anxiety and stress in the life of the patient. This approach can be challenging since tinnitus can be the source of stress, but meditation and anxiety reducing drugs can help.
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Measuring Speech Comprehensibility in Students with Down Syndrome
Purpose
There is an ongoing need to develop assessments of spontaneous speech that focus on whether the child's utterances are comprehensible to listeners. This study sought to identify the attributes of a stable ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility, which enabled examining the criterion-related validity of an orthography-based measure of the comprehensibility of conversational speech in students with Down syndrome.
Method
Participants were 10 elementary school students with Down syndrome and 4 unfamiliar adult raters. Averaged across-observer Likert ratings of speech comprehensibility were called a ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The proportion of utterance attempts fully glossed constituted an orthography-based measure of speech comprehensibility.
Results
Averaging across 4 raters on four 5-min segments produced a reliable (G = .83) ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The ratings-based measure was strongly (r > .80) correlated with the orthography-based measure for both the same and different conversational samples.
Conclusion
Reliable and valid measures of speech comprehensibility are achievable with the resources available to many researchers and some clinicians.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YqzjmX
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Treating Speech Comprehensibility in Students With Down Syndrome
Purpose
This study examined whether a particular type of therapy (Broad Target Speech Recasts, BTSR) was superior to a contrast treatment in facilitating speech comprehensibility in conversations of students with Down syndrome who began treatment with initially high verbal imitation.
Method
We randomly assigned 51 5- to 12-year-old students to either BTSR or a contrast treatment. Therapy occurred in hour-long 1-to-1 sessions in students' schools twice per week for 6 months.
Results
For students who entered treatment just above the sample average in verbal-imitation skill, BTSR was superior to the contrast treatment in facilitating the growth of speech comprehensibility in conversational samples. The number of speech recasts mediated or explained the BTSR treatment effect on speech comprehensibility.
Conclusion
Speech comprehensibility is malleable in school-age students with Down syndrome. BTSR facilitates comprehensibility in students with just above the sample average level of verbal imitation prior to treatment. Speech recasts in BTSR are largely responsible for this effect.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UiDhuZ
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Measuring Speech Comprehensibility in Students with Down Syndrome
Purpose
There is an ongoing need to develop assessments of spontaneous speech that focus on whether the child's utterances are comprehensible to listeners. This study sought to identify the attributes of a stable ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility, which enabled examining the criterion-related validity of an orthography-based measure of the comprehensibility of conversational speech in students with Down syndrome.
Method
Participants were 10 elementary school students with Down syndrome and 4 unfamiliar adult raters. Averaged across-observer Likert ratings of speech comprehensibility were called a ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The proportion of utterance attempts fully glossed constituted an orthography-based measure of speech comprehensibility.
Results
Averaging across 4 raters on four 5-min segments produced a reliable (G = .83) ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The ratings-based measure was strongly (r > .80) correlated with the orthography-based measure for both the same and different conversational samples.
Conclusion
Reliable and valid measures of speech comprehensibility are achievable with the resources available to many researchers and some clinicians.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YqzjmX
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Treating Speech Comprehensibility in Students With Down Syndrome
Purpose
This study examined whether a particular type of therapy (Broad Target Speech Recasts, BTSR) was superior to a contrast treatment in facilitating speech comprehensibility in conversations of students with Down syndrome who began treatment with initially high verbal imitation.
Method
We randomly assigned 51 5- to 12-year-old students to either BTSR or a contrast treatment. Therapy occurred in hour-long 1-to-1 sessions in students' schools twice per week for 6 months.
Results
For students who entered treatment just above the sample average in verbal-imitation skill, BTSR was superior to the contrast treatment in facilitating the growth of speech comprehensibility in conversational samples. The number of speech recasts mediated or explained the BTSR treatment effect on speech comprehensibility.
Conclusion
Speech comprehensibility is malleable in school-age students with Down syndrome. BTSR facilitates comprehensibility in students with just above the sample average level of verbal imitation prior to treatment. Speech recasts in BTSR are largely responsible for this effect.from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UiDhuZ
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Measuring Speech Comprehensibility in Students with Down Syndrome
Purpose
There is an ongoing need to develop assessments of spontaneous speech that focus on whether the child's utterances are comprehensible to listeners. This study sought to identify the attributes of a stable ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility, which enabled examining the criterion-related validity of an orthography-based measure of the comprehensibility of conversational speech in students with Down syndrome.
Method
Participants were 10 elementary school students with Down syndrome and 4 unfamiliar adult raters. Averaged across-observer Likert ratings of speech comprehensibility were called a ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The proportion of utterance attempts fully glossed constituted an orthography-based measure of speech comprehensibility.
Results
Averaging across 4 raters on four 5-min segments produced a reliable (G = .83) ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility. The ratings-based measure was strongly (r > .80) correlated with the orthography-based measure for both the same and different conversational samples.
Conclusion
Reliable and valid measures of speech comprehensibility are achievable with the resources available to many researchers and some clinicians.from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YqzjmX
via IFTTT
Treating Speech Comprehensibility in Students With Down Syndrome
Purpose
This study examined whether a particular type of therapy (Broad Target Speech Recasts, BTSR) was superior to a contrast treatment in facilitating speech comprehensibility in conversations of students with Down syndrome who began treatment with initially high verbal imitation.
Method
We randomly assigned 51 5- to 12-year-old students to either BTSR or a contrast treatment. Therapy occurred in hour-long 1-to-1 sessions in students' schools twice per week for 6 months.
Results
For students who entered treatment just above the sample average in verbal-imitation skill, BTSR was superior to the contrast treatment in facilitating the growth of speech comprehensibility in conversational samples. The number of speech recasts mediated or explained the BTSR treatment effect on speech comprehensibility.
Conclusion
Speech comprehensibility is malleable in school-age students with Down syndrome. BTSR facilitates comprehensibility in students with just above the sample average level of verbal imitation prior to treatment. Speech recasts in BTSR are largely responsible for this effect.from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UiDhuZ
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Subcortical neural representation to Mandarin pitch contours in American and Chinese newborns
Voice pitch carries important information for speech understanding. This study examines the neural representation of voice pitch at the subcortical level, as reflected by the scalp-recorded frequency-following responses from ten American and ten Chinese newborns. By utilizing a set of four distinctive Mandarin pitch contours that mimic the English vowel /yi/, the results indicate that the rising and dipping pitch contours produce significantly better tracking accuracy and larger response amplitudes than the falling pitch contour. This finding suggests a hierarchy of potential stimuli when testing neonates who are born in a tonal or non-tonal linguistic environment.
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Passive localization in the deep ocean based on cross-correlation function matching
Passive localization of a sound source in the deep ocean is investigated in this study. The source can be localized by taking advantage of a cross-correlation function matching technique. When a two-sensor vertical array is used in the deep ocean, two types of side lobe curves appear in the ambiguity surface of the localization. The side lobe curves are analytically expressed and they are then used as indicators of the localization result instead of the scanning point with the maximum power. Simulation and experiment demonstrate the performance of the proposed passive localization method.
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Subcortical neural representation to Mandarin pitch contours in American and Chinese newborns
Voice pitch carries important information for speech understanding. This study examines the neural representation of voice pitch at the subcortical level, as reflected by the scalp-recorded frequency-following responses from ten American and ten Chinese newborns. By utilizing a set of four distinctive Mandarin pitch contours that mimic the English vowel /yi/, the results indicate that the rising and dipping pitch contours produce significantly better tracking accuracy and larger response amplitudes than the falling pitch contour. This finding suggests a hierarchy of potential stimuli when testing neonates who are born in a tonal or non-tonal linguistic environment.
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Passive localization in the deep ocean based on cross-correlation function matching
Passive localization of a sound source in the deep ocean is investigated in this study. The source can be localized by taking advantage of a cross-correlation function matching technique. When a two-sensor vertical array is used in the deep ocean, two types of side lobe curves appear in the ambiguity surface of the localization. The side lobe curves are analytically expressed and they are then used as indicators of the localization result instead of the scanning point with the maximum power. Simulation and experiment demonstrate the performance of the proposed passive localization method.
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Agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers placed at different thigh positions
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Natural History of Postural Instability in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers placed at different thigh positions
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Natural History of Postural Instability in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers placed at different thigh positions
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Robert Stanton, Diana Guertler, Mitch J Duncan, Corneel Vandelanotte
ActivPAL3c triaxial accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviours. However, little is known how attachment site (left vs. right or upper vs. lower thigh) affects activPAL3c accelerometer outcomes. Twenty-eight adults wore four activPAL3c accelerometers attached 2cm above and below the midpoint of the left and right thigh during five minutes of laboratory-based walking at a self-selected pace, treadmill walking at 0.89 and 1.56m/s, and treadmill running at 2.22m/s, and during approximately seven hours of free-living conditions. One-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in accelerometer output between ActivPAL3c accelerometers at these locations during both laboratory-based, and free-living conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients showed a high level of agreement between activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory and free living activities (ICC(2,1) 0.76–1.00). The attachment sites used in this study do not appear to significantly influence outcomes for step count, sitting or walking time, or number of postural transitions from triaxial activPAL3c accelerometers during laboratory-based walking or free-living conditions. Therefore if necessary, to enhance participant compliance during monitoring periods, these sites could be used interchangeably. Studies of longer duration incorporating additional laboratory and recreational activities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Natural History of Postural Instability in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Scott M. Monfort, Xueliang Pan, Robyn Patrick, Janani Singaravelu, Charles L. Loprinzi, Maryam B. Lustberg, Ajit M.W. Chaudhari
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 yr; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations.
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Sexual health behaviors of Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users.
 |
Related Articles |
Sexual health behaviors of Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users.
Disabil Health J. 2015 Oct;8(4):579-85
Authors: Heiman E, Haynes S, McKee M
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the sexual health behaviors of Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize the self-reported sexual behaviors of Deaf individuals.
METHODS: Responses from 282 Deaf participants aged 18-64 from the greater Rochester, NY area who participated in the 2008 Deaf Health were analyzed. These data were compared with weighted data from a general population comparison group (N = 1890). We looked at four sexual health-related outcomes: abstinence within the past year; number of sexual partners within the last year; condom use at last intercourse; and ever tested for HIV. We performed descriptive analyses, including stratification by gender, age, income, marital status, and educational level.
RESULTS: Deaf respondents were more likely than the general population respondents to self-report two or more sexual partners in the past year (30.9% vs 10.1%) but self-reported higher condom use at last intercourse (28.0% vs 19.8%). HIV testing rates were similar between groups (47.5% vs 49.4%) but lower for certain Deaf groups: Deaf women (46.0% vs 58.1%), lower-income Deaf (44.4% vs 69.7%) and among less educated Deaf (31.3% vs 57.7%) than among respondents from corresponding general population groups.
CONCLUSION: Deaf respondents self-reported higher numbers of sexual partners over the past year compared to the general population. Condom use was higher among Deaf participants. HIV was similar between groups, though HIV testing was significantly lower among lower income, less well-educated, and female Deaf respondents. Deaf individuals have a sexual health risk profile that is distinct from that of the general population.
PMID: 26242551 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Emergency Department utilization among Deaf American Sign Language users.
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Related Articles |
Emergency Department utilization among Deaf American Sign Language users.
Disabil Health J. 2015 Oct;8(4):573-8
Authors: McKee MM, Winters PC, Sen A, Zazove P, Fiscella K
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users comprise a linguistic minority population with poor health care access due to communication barriers and low health literacy. Potentially, these health care barriers could increase Emergency Department (ED) use.
OBJECTIVE: To compare ED use between deaf and non-deaf patients.
METHOD: A retrospective cohort from medical records. The sample was derived from 400 randomly selected charts (200 deaf ASL users and 200 hearing English speakers) from an outpatient primary care health center with a high volume of deaf patients. Abstracted data included patient demographics, insurance, health behavior, and ED use in the past 36 months.
RESULTS: Deaf patients were more likely to be never smokers and be insured through Medicaid. In an adjusted analysis, deaf individuals were significantly more likely to use the ED (odds ratio [OR], 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-3.51) over the prior 36 months.
CONCLUSION: Deaf American Sign Language users appear to be at greater odds for elevated ED utilization when compared to the general hearing population. Efforts to further understand the drivers for increased ED utilization among deaf ASL users are much needed.
PMID: 26166160 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Afterword.
| Related Articles |
Afterword.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Jun 13;:1
Authors: Dowell RC
PMID: 27291779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Afterword.
| Related Articles |
Afterword.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Jun 13;:1
Authors: Dowell RC
PMID: 27291779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Afterword.
| Related Articles |
Afterword.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Jun 13;:1
Authors: Dowell RC
PMID: 27291779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Afterword.
| Related Articles |
Afterword.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Jun 13;:1
Authors: Dowell RC
PMID: 27291779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Origins of thalamic and cortical projections to the posterior auditory field in congenitally deaf cats
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Origins of thalamic and cortical projections to the posterior auditory field in congenitally deaf cats
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Origins of thalamic and cortical projections to the posterior auditory field in congenitally deaf cats
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Origins of thalamic and cortical projections to the posterior auditory field in congenitally deaf cats
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Origins of thalamic and cortical projections to the posterior auditory field in congenitally deaf cats
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Blake E. Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G. Lomber
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from areas throughout the brain was determined to be qualitatively similar to that previously demonstrated in normal hearing animals, but with twice as many projections arising from non-auditory cortical areas. In addition, small ectopic projections were observed from a number of fields in visual cortex, including areas 19, 20a, 20b, and 21b, and area 7 of parietal cortex. These areas did not show projections to PAF in cats deafened ototoxically near the onset of hearing, and provide a possible mechanism for crossmodal reorganization of PAF. These, along with the possible contributions of other mechanisms, are considered.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Decrease of Cochlear Blood Flow Can Be Reversed by Etanercept or JTE-013.
Hypothesis: This study aimed to quantify the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor Etanercept and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 antagonist JTE-013 on cochlear blood flow in guinea pigs after TNF-induced decrease. Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a common cause for disability and reduced quality of life. Good understanding of the pathophysiology and strong evidence-based therapy concepts are still missing. In various inner ear disorders, inflammation and impairment of cochlear blood flow (CBF) have been considered factors in the pathophysiology. A central mediator of inflammation and microcirculation in the cochlea is TNF. S1P acts downstream in one TNF pathway. Methods: Cochlea lateral wall vessels were exposed surgically and assessed by intravital microscopy in guinea pigs in vivo. Twenty-eight animals were randomly distributed into four groups of seven each. Exposed vessels were superfused by TNF (5.0 ng/ml) and afterward repeatedly either by Etanercept (1.0 [mu]g/ml), JTE-013 (10 [mu]mol/L), or vehicle (0.9 % NaCl solution or ethanol: phosphate-buffered saline buffer, respectively). Results: After decreasing CBF with TNF (p
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Effects of Stimulation Rate With the FS4 and HDCIS Coding Strategies in Cochlear Implant Recipients.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of stimulation rate on speech perception and sound quality for the fine structure strategy FS4 and the envelope-based strategy high definition continuous interleaved sampling (HDCIS). Study Design: Randomized crossover trial with four conditions. Setting: Tertiary referral. Patients: Twenty-six postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients were included. Intervention: All subjects were equipped with four coding strategies: FS4 with high rate on the envelope channels (on average 1376 pps/ch), FS4 low rate (750 pps/ch), and HDCIS with the same high and low rates. A "flat-charge map" was used for all four strategies. Only the loudness was balanced between programs. All tests were performed acutely in a double blind manner and a randomized sequence. Main Outcome Measures: Monosyllables in quiet and subjective sound quality. Results: Mean monosyllables scores at 65 dB in quiet were 25.5% correct with HDCIS low rate, 27.2% correct with HDCIS high rate, 25.2% with FS4 low rate, and 33.1% with FS4 high rate. Performance with high stimulation rates was significantly higher than with the low rate settings. Subjective sound quality measured with visual analogue scales showed that for naturalness of speech, the improvement with a high rate version was only evident with the FS4 strategy. In both FS4 and HDCIS, higher stimulation rates elicited a higher pitch and were perceived as less dull than lower rates. Conclusion: A high rate of stimulation resulted in better speech recognition in both strategies and a favorable subjective sound quality for FS4 in all tested settings. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Giant Posterior Temporal Bone Arachnoid Granulations: CT and MRI Findings.
Objective: The radiologic appearance of arachnoid granulations (AGs) in typical locations is well established and they are rarely mistaken for other pathologies. However, when large and seen in atypical locations, such as along the posterior petrous bone, AGs can be a source of diagnostic and therapeutic confusion. We present two cases of giant posterior temporal bone AGs and review their clinical presentation, potential complications, and an imaging-based differential diagnosis. Patients: Two patients with surgically or pathologically proven giant symptomatic AGs in the posterior petrous bone. Main Outcome Measure: Clinical presentation, radiological features, surgical findings, and potential complications of giant AGs. Results: In two middle-aged women (37 and 55 years), computed tomography (CT) demonstrated solitary large lytic lesions in the posterior right petrous temporal bone. These were similar in appearance to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), though they exhibited some minor deviations such as thin internal septations, mild peripheral enhancement, and heterogeneous signal on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). The MRI appearance effectively distinguished the giant AGs from other lesions that can occur in this area such as endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST). Surgery was successfully performed to prevent complications from a CSF leak. Conclusion: The posterior temporal bone is an atypical location for AGs and can lead to diagnostic confusion, particularly when they are large. Familiarity with the characteristic imaging appearance of giant AGs in this location can help avoid misinterpretation as a more aggressive pathology and help recognize patients who are at risk for a CSF leak. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Tinnitus Treatment Trends.
Objective: The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) recently published guidelines on the treatment of tinnitus. This paper examines the possible impact of those guidelines on otologic practice. Design: A survey was sent to the members of the American Neurotology Society before and after the publication of Clinical practice guideline: tinnitus. The goals of this study were to see if the guidelines changed attitudes of otologists, confirm what treatments and explanations are being used in the field before and after the guidelines were published. Main Outcomes: Five hundred fifty-eight surveys were sent out and there were 216 responses. Otologists generally seemed to practice in accordance with the recommendations of the guidelines even before these were published. Drugs and sound therapies were not commonly used for primary tinnitus either before or after publication of the guidelines. One treatment that otologists seemed to have confidence in that was omitted from the guidelines was surgical treatment of hearing loss. Conclusion: Opinions regarding the treatment of tinnitus vary considerably. The AAO-HNS clinical practice guideline: tinnitus has not significantly altered the practices of otologists, but the guidelines provide meaningful, important information for other clinicians who deal infrequently with tinnitus. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
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Increasing the Stimulation Rate Reduces cVEMP Testing Time by More Than Half With No Significant Difference in Threshold.
Objective: Assessing the effect of a higher stimulation rate in cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) outcome measurements. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Large specialty hospital, Department of otolaryngology. Subjects: Eleven healthy subjects were used in this study. Intervention: All subjects underwent a cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential test at 500, 750, and 1000 Hz using 5 and 13 Hz stimulation rates. Main Outcome Measures: Threshold, peak-to-peak (PP) amplitude, and interaural asymmetry ratio (IAR). Results: PP cVEMP amplitudes were larger at 5/s than at 13/s. The 5/s to 13/s differences were statistically significant at 500 and 750 Hz (p
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