Objective: The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of cochlear dead regions (DRs) in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and compare the hearing outcome according to the presence of DRs. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients and Methods: The threshold-equalizing noise (HL) test was performed on a total of 112 ears diagnosed with SSNHL. Ears were divided into two groups based on the presence of DRs. Eighty-two ears belonged to the group without DRs and 30 ears belonged to the group with DRs. There was no difference between the two groups with respect to age, sex, side of affected ear, presence of bilateral SSNHL, presence of vertigo, history of treatment, and initial pure-tone thresholds. Pure-tone audiograms were gathered at the time of initial presentation and at 1, 3, and 6 months after onset of symptoms. Results: The prevalence of DRs was observed to be 29% and was found to be prevalent at 1k and 1.5k Hz in patients with SSNHL. When the hearing thresholds over times were compared between the two groups, subjects with DRs showed significantly poorer hearing outcome compared with those without DRs. The improvements in word recognition scores over times were also less in subject with DRs than those without DRs. Conclusion: DRs are associated with worse hearing thresholds at follow-up audiogram and might be associated with unfavorable hearing outcome in patients with SSNHL. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2hmbC
via IFTTT
Πέμπτη 15 Σεπτεμβρίου 2016
Middle Cranial Fossa (MCF) Approach Without the Use of Lumbar Drain for the Management of Spontaneous Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) Leaks.
Objective: To determine the efficacy and morbidity of repairing spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks with the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach without the use of a lumbar drain (LD), as perioperative use of LD remains controversial. Study Design: Retrospective review from 2003 to 2015. Setting: University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and Indiana University Health Center. Patients: Those with a confirmed lateral skull base spontaneous CSF leaks and/or encephaloceles. Intervention: MCF approach for repair of spontaneous CSF leak and/or encephalocele without the use of lumbar drain. Assessment of patient age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and medical comorbidities. Main Outcome Measure: Spontaneous CSF leak patient characteristics (age, sex, BMI, obstructive sleep apnea) were collected. Length of stay (LOS), hospital costs, postoperative complications, CSF leak rate, and need for LD were calculated. Results: Sixty-five operative MCF repairs were performed for spontaneous CSF leaks on 60 patients (five had bilateral CSF leaks). CSF diversion with LD was used in 15 of 60 patients, mostly before 2010. After 2010, only three of 44 patients (6.7%) had postoperative otorrhea requiring LD. The use of LD resulted in significantly longer LOS (3.6 +/- 1.6 versus 8.7 +/- 2.9 d) and hospital costs ($29,621). There were no postoperative complications in 77% (50 of 65) of cases. Three cases required return to the operating room for complications including frontal subdural hematoma (1), subdural CSF collection (1), and tension pneumocephalus (1). No patients experienced long-term neurologic sequelae or long-term CSF leak recurrence with an average length of follow-up of 19.5 months (range 3-137 mo). The average patient BMI was 37.5 +/- 8.6 kg/m2. The average age was 57.5 +/- 11.4 years and 68% were female. Obstructive sleep apnea was present in 43.3% (26 of 60) of patients. Conclusion: The morbidity of the MCF craniotomy for repair of spontaneous CSF leaks is low and the long-term efficacy of repair is high. Universal use of perioperative lumbar drain is not indicated and significantly increases length of stay and hospital costs. Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea are highly associated with spontaneous CSF leaks. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cBaCn2
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cBaCn2
via IFTTT
Is There a Right Ear Advantage in Congenital Aural Atresia?.
Objectives: To compare speech/language development and academic progress between children with right versus left congenital aural atresia (CAA). Study Design: Case control survey and review of audiometric data. Setting: Tertiary care academic practice. Patients: Children with unilateral CAA. Main Outcome Measures: Demographic and audiometric data; rates of grade retention, use of any hearing or learning resource, and behavioral problems. Results: No significant differences in grade retention rate, utilization of amplification, speech language therapy, use of an individualized education program, or frequency modulated system were found between children with right versus left CAA. Children with left CAA were significantly more likely to be enrolled in special education programs (p = 0.026). Differences in reported communication problems approached significance with more difficulty noted in the right ear group (p = 0.059). Left CAA patients were also more likely to have reported behavioral problems (p = 0.0039). Conclusion: Contrary to the hypothesis that a normal hearing right ear confers a language advantage in patients with unilateral hearing loss, children with left CAA (normal right ear) were statistically more likely to be enrolled in a special education program and have behavioral problems. Reported communication problems were more common in right CAA patients, but this did not reach statistical significance. No differences were found in use of amplification, frequency modulated system, individualized education program, or grade retention. Further investigation of both the clinical implications and underlying psychoacoustics of unilateral hearing loss and the identification and habilitation of "at risk" unilateral hearing loss children is warranted. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2hpUX
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2hpUX
via IFTTT
Clinical Implications of Word Recognition Differences in Earphone and Aided Conditions.
Objective: To compare word recognition scores for adults with hearing loss measured using earphones and in the sound field without and with hearing aids (HA). Study Design: Independent review of presurgical audiological data from an active middle ear implant (MEI) FDA clinical trial. Setting: Multicenter prospective FDA clinical trial. Patients: Ninety-four adult HA users. Interventions/Main Outcomes Measured: Preoperative earphone, aided word recognition scores, and speech intelligibility index. Results: We performed an independent review of presurgical audiological data from an MEI FDA trial and compared unaided and aided word recognition scores with participants' HAs fit according to the NAL-R algorithm. For 52 participants (55.3%), differences in scores between earphone and aided conditions were >10%; for 33 participants (35.1%), earphone scores were higher by 10% or more than aided scores. These participants had significantly higher pure-tone thresholds at 250, 500, and 1000 Hz, higher pure-tone averages, higher speech recognition thresholds (and higher earphone speech levels [p = 0.002]). No significant correlation was observed between word recognition scores measured with earphones and with hearing aids (r = 0.14; p = 0.16), whereas a moderately high positive correlation was observed between unaided and aided word recognition (r = 0.68; p
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cB9ZK3
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cB9ZK3
via IFTTT
The Human Vestibular Aqueduct: Anatomical Characteristics and Enlargement Criteria.
Hypothesis: The human vestibular aqueduct (VA) shows great anatomical variations, and imaging can be difficult, so we need more data on the normal anatomy of the VA for better radiologic evaluation of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS). Background: The normal anatomy of the human VA was analyzed in micro-dissected human temporal bones. Methods: The study is based on two sets of human temporal bones. One set of 32 human temporal bones was selected from a collection of 50 micro-dissected specimens. The outline of the intraosseous portion of the VA was drawn and digitized, and dimensions were assessed. The other set of 20 plastic molds were randomly selected from a collection of 324 specimens, and the VA dimensions were assessed. Results: Measurements from this study are presented in means, standard deviations, and ranges. The results from these measurements are considered normal and compared with previously published data. The variations in the normal anatomy of the VA are presented and discussed. Conclusion: The VA courses sagittal in the human skull. Therefore, we recommend the lateral projection (reformatted) to demonstrate the VA in LVAS patients. We advocate assessing: 1) the width (or height) of the external aperture (EA), 2) the width at the half distance between the EA and the common crus (CC), and if possible 3) the width of the proximal portion of the VA. Based on the measurements, our criteria for enlargement are 2.0 mm or greater, 1.5 mm or greater, and more than 1 mm at these sites. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2iqwl
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2iqwl
via IFTTT
The Enigma of Poor Performance by Adults With Cochlear Implants.
Objective: Considerable unexplained variability and large individual differences exist in speech recognition outcomes for postlingually deaf adults who use cochlear implants (CIs), and a sizeable fraction of CI users can be considered "poor performers." This article summarizes our current knowledge of poor CI performance, and provides suggestions to clinicians managing these patients. Method: Studies are reviewed pertaining to speech recognition variability in adults with hearing loss. Findings are augmented by recent studies in our laboratories examining outcomes in postlingually deaf adults with CIs. Results: In addition to conventional clinical predictors of CI performance (e.g., amount of residual hearing, duration of deafness), factors pertaining to both "bottom-up" auditory sensitivity to the spectro-temporal details of speech, and "top-down" linguistic knowledge and neurocognitive functions contribute to CI outcomes. Conclusions: The broad array of factors that contribute to speech recognition performance in adult CI users suggests the potential both for novel diagnostic assessment batteries to explain poor performance, and also new rehabilitation strategies for patients who exhibit poor outcomes. Moreover, this broad array of factors determining outcome performance suggests the need to treat individual CI patients using a personalized rehabilitation approach. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cBaAeM
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cBaAeM
via IFTTT
An Intracochlear Pressure Sensor as a Microphone for a Fully Implantable Cochlear Implant.
Objective: To validate an intracochlear piezoelectric sensor for its ability to detect intracochlear pressure and function as a microphone for a fully implantable cochlear implant. Methods: A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric pressure sensor was inserted into a human fresh cadaveric round window at varying depths. An external sound pressure stimulus was applied to the external auditory canal (EAC). EAC pressure, stapes velocity, and piezoelectric sensor voltage output were recorded. Results: The PVDF sensor was able to detect the intracochlear sound pressure response to an acoustic input to the EAC. The frequency response of the pressure measured with the intracochlear sensor was similar to that of the pressure at the EAC, with the expected phase delay of the middle ear transmission. The magnitude of the response increased and smoothened with respect to frequency as the sensor was inserted more deeply into the scala tympani. Artifact measurements, made with the sensor in air near the round window, showed flat frequency response in both magnitude and phase, which were distinct from those measured when the sensor was inserted in the round window. Conclusion: This study describes a novel method of measuring intracochlear pressure for an otologic microphone composed of a piezoelectric polymer, and demonstrates feasibility. Our next goal is to improve device sensitivity and bandwidth. Our long-term objective is to imbed the piezoelectric sensor within a conventional cochlear implant electrode, to enable a device to both measure intracochlear sound pressure and deliver electrical stimulus to the cochlea, for a fully implantable cochlear implant. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2hEzu
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2d2hEzu
via IFTTT
CDH23 Related Hearing Loss: A New Genetic Risk Factor for Semicircular Canal Dehiscence?.
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and relative risk of semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) in pediatric patients with CDH23 pathogenic variants (Usher syndrome or non-syndromic deafness) compared with age-matched controls. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Multi-institutional study. Patients: Pediatric patients (ages 0-5 years) were compared based on the presence of biallelic pathogenic variants in CDH23 with pediatric controls who underwent computed tomography (CT) temporal bone scan for alternative purposes. Interventions: Retrospective review of diagnostic high resolution CT temporal bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of SCD. Main Outcome Measures: Superior and posterior semicircular canals were evaluated by a neuroradiologist for presence of SCD or abnormal development. Results: Forty-two CT scans were reviewed for SCD. Eighty-six percent of the CDH23 variant group had abnormalities in at least one canal compared with only 12% in age-matched controls. In the CDH23 variant group there were four patients with superior SCD (57%, RR = 10.0) and three patients with posterior canal abnormalities (43%, RR = 7.5) compared with two, and two patients, respectively, in the control population. Four CDH23 variant children had bilateral abnormalities. One child had thinning or dehiscence in both the superior and posterior canals. Relative risk of SCD in children with CDH23 pathogenic variants is 7.5 (p
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cB9aB3
via IFTTT
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cB9aB3
via IFTTT
NPR Interviews Gifford About Her Work with Cochlear Implant Patients
National Public Radio's "Science Friday" launched a six-part series highlighting women in science with a 10-minute video documentary featuring Academy member Dr. Rene Gifford and her work with cochlear implant patients at Vanderbilt University.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cC2Iqb
via IFTTT
Risk of Peripheral Artery Occlusive Disease in Patients with Vertigo, Tinnitus, or Sudden Deafness: A Secondary Case-Control Analysis of a Nationwide, Population-Based Health Claims Database
by Malcolm Koo, Jin-Cherng Chen, Juen-Haur Hwang
BackgroundCochleovestibular symptoms, such as vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness, are common manifestations of microvascular diseases. However, it is unclear whether these symptoms occurred preceding the diagnosis of peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD). Therefore, the aim of this case-control study was to investigate the risk of PAOD among patients with vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness using a nationwide, population-based health claim database in Taiwan.
MethodsWe identified 5,340 adult patients with PAOD diagnosed between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2010 and 16,020 controls, frequency matched on age interval, sex, and year of index date, from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Risks of PAOD in patients with vertigo, tinnitus, or sudden deafness were separately evaluated with multivariate logistic regression analyses.
ResultsOf the 5,340 patients with PAOD, 12.7%, 6.7%, and 0.3% were diagnosed with vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness, respectively. In the controls, 10.6%, 6.1%, and 0.3% were diagnosed with vertigo (P Conclusions
A modest increase in the risk of PAOD was observed among Taiwanese patients with vertigo, after adjustment for comorbidities.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2crceBW
via IFTTT
Risk of Peripheral Artery Occlusive Disease in Patients with Vertigo, Tinnitus, or Sudden Deafness: A Secondary Case-Control Analysis of a Nationwide, Population-Based Health Claims Database
by Malcolm Koo, Jin-Cherng Chen, Juen-Haur Hwang
BackgroundCochleovestibular symptoms, such as vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness, are common manifestations of microvascular diseases. However, it is unclear whether these symptoms occurred preceding the diagnosis of peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD). Therefore, the aim of this case-control study was to investigate the risk of PAOD among patients with vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness using a nationwide, population-based health claim database in Taiwan.
MethodsWe identified 5,340 adult patients with PAOD diagnosed between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2010 and 16,020 controls, frequency matched on age interval, sex, and year of index date, from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Risks of PAOD in patients with vertigo, tinnitus, or sudden deafness were separately evaluated with multivariate logistic regression analyses.
ResultsOf the 5,340 patients with PAOD, 12.7%, 6.7%, and 0.3% were diagnosed with vertigo, tinnitus, and sudden deafness, respectively. In the controls, 10.6%, 6.1%, and 0.3% were diagnosed with vertigo (P Conclusions
A modest increase in the risk of PAOD was observed among Taiwanese patients with vertigo, after adjustment for comorbidities.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2crceBW
via IFTTT
Coenzyme Q10 plus Multivitamin Treatment Prevents Cisplatin Ototoxicity in Rats
by Laura Astolfi, Edi Simoni, Filippo Valente, Sara Ghiselli, Stavros Hatzopoulos, Milvia Chicca, Alessandro Martini
Cisplatin (Cpt) is known to induce a high level of oxidative stress, resulting in an increase of reactive oxygen species damaging the inner ear and causing hearing loss at high frequencies. Studies on animal models show that antioxidants may lower Cpt-induced ototoxicity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ototoxic effects of two different protocols of Cpt administration in a Sprague-Dawley rat model, and to test in the same model the synergic protective effects of a solution of coenzyme Q10 terclatrate and Acuval 400®, a multivitamin supplement containing antioxidant agents and minerals (Acu-Qter). The Cpt was administered intraperitoneally in a single dose (14 mg/kg) or in three daily doses (4.6 mg/kg/day) to rats orally treated or untreated with Acu-Qter for 5 days. The auditory function was assessed by measuring auditory brainstem responses from 2 to 32 kHz at day 0 and 5 days after treatment. Similar hearing threshold and body weight alterations were observed in both Cpt administration protocols, but mortality reduced to zero when Cpt was administered in three daily doses. The Acu-Qter treatment was able to prevent and completely neutralize ototoxicity in rats treated with three daily Cpt doses, supporting the synergic protective effects of coenzyme Q terclatrate and Acuval 400® against Cpt-induced oxidative stress. The administration protocol involving three Cpt doses is more similar to common human chemotherapy protocols, therefore it appears more useful for long-term preclinical studies on ototoxicity prevention.from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2culwdm
via IFTTT
Laryngeal muscular control of vocal fold posturing: Numerical modeling and experimental validation
A three-dimensional continuum model of vocal fold posturing was developed to investigate laryngeal muscular control of vocal fold geometry, stiffness, and tension, which are difficult to measure in live humans or in vivo models. This model was able to qualitatively reproduce in vivo experimental observations of laryngeal control of vocal fold posturing, despite the many simplifications which are necessary due to the lack of accurate data of laryngeal geometry and material properties. The results present a first comprehensive study of the co-variations between glottal width, vocal fold length, stiffness, tension at different conditions of individual, and combined laryngeal muscle activation.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cLN9OT
via IFTTT
Inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index in healthy adults
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index in healthy adults
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index in healthy adults
Publication date: Available online 14 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Silvia Cabral, Rita Fernandes, W.Scott Selbie, Vera Moniz-Pereira, António P. Veloso
There has been a growing effort in restoring gait symmetry in clinical conditions associated with pronounced gait asymmetry. A prerequisite to achieve this is that the chosen approach can accurately assess symmetry and detect/impose changes that exceed the natural day to day variability. Global symmetry indices are superior to local and discrete indices because they capture the patient’s overall gait symmetry. However, their repeatability is unknown. This study assessed the inter-session agreement and reliability of the Global Gait Asymmetry index. Twenty-three healthy individuals participated in two 3D gait analyses, performed approximately one week apart. The 95% limits of agreement, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and intraclass correlation coefficient were analysed. The obtained values showed this index has poor agreement and reliability between sessions. Therefore, it cannot be used to assess the patient’s progress overtime nor to compare symmetry levels among groups.
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cy3uGe
via IFTTT
Interaction of ApoE3 and ApoE4 isoforms with an ITM2b/BRI2 mutation linked to the Alzheimer disease-like Danish dementia: Effects on learning and memory.
 |
Related Articles |
Interaction of ApoE3 and ApoE4 isoforms with an ITM2b/BRI2 mutation linked to the Alzheimer disease-like Danish dementia: Effects on learning and memory.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2015 Dec;126:18-30
Authors: Biundo F, Ishiwari K, Del Prete D, D'Adamio L
Abstract
Mutations in Amyloid β Precursor Protein (APP) and in genes that regulate APP processing--such as PSEN1/2 and ITM2b/BRI2--cause familial dementia, such Familial Alzheimer disease (FAD), Familial Danish (FDD) and British (FBD) dementias. The ApoE gene is the major genetic risk factor for sporadic AD. Three major variants of ApoE exist in humans (ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4), with the ApoE4 allele being strongly associated with AD. ITM2b/BRI2 is also a candidate regulatory node genes predicted to mediate the common patterns of gene expression shared by healthy ApoE4 carriers and late-onset AD patients not carrying ApoE4. This evidence provides a direct link between ITM2b/BRI2 and ApoE4. To test whether ApoE4 and pathogenic ITM2b/BRI2 interact to modulate learning and memory, we crossed a mouse carrying the ITM2b/BRI2 mutations that causes FDD knocked-in the endogenous mouse Itm2b/Bri2 gene (FDDKI mice) with human ApoE3 and ApoE4 targeted replacement mice. The resultant ApoE3, FDDKI/ApoE3, ApoE4, FDDKI/ApoE4 male mice were assessed longitudinally for learning and memory at 4, 6, 12, and 16-17 months of age. The results showed that ApoE4-carrying mice displayed spatial working/short-term memory deficits relative to ApoE3-carrying mice starting in early middle age, while long-term spatial memory of ApoE4 mice was not adversely affected even at 16-17 months, and that the FDD mutation impaired working/short-term spatial memory in ApoE3-carrying mice and produced impaired long-term spatial memory in ApoE4-carrying mice in middle age. The present results suggest that the FDD mutation may differentially affect learning and memory in ApoE4 carriers and non-carriers.
PMID: 26528887 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cgAp3k
via IFTTT
Cochlear implantation in children with complex needs: the perceptions of professionals at cochlear implant centres.
 |
Related Articles |
Cochlear implantation in children with complex needs: the perceptions of professionals at cochlear implant centres.
Cochlear Implants Int. 2015;16(6):303-11
Authors: Archbold S, Athalye S, Mulla I, Harrigan S, Wolters-Leermakers N, Isarin J, Knoors H
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the views of cochlear implant centre teams about the process of referral, assessment and rehabilitation for children with complex needs.
METHODS: An on-line survey of cochlear implant centres in the UK and in the Netherlands was carried out, with both quantitative and qualitative questions. The survey was designed and piloted by four professionals in each country, experienced in working in cochlear implant services, and with complex children. The open qualitative responses were analysed independently for the emergent themes.
RESULTS: Seven centres from Netherlands and eight from UK responded. The proportion of children reported with complex needs ranged from under 10% to between 40 and 60%. Children with complex needs were more likely to be later referred than the norm, and to take longer to assess. There was little agreement about the assessments used prior to implantation, or in follow-up. The most commonly seen additional disability was visual, followed by motor/physical challenges and autistic spectrum disorders. The most reported challenge was assessment, followed by parental expectations, and wearing the system. The least reported concern was educational management. The major goal was seen to be hearing and sensory input, rather than speech and language attainment. All centres commented on the importance of parental observation.
CONCLUSION: There is a need for a consensus on the assessment of these children, with the development of more objective parent led observation measures to collect long-term data across centres. Closer collaboration with educators, particularly those with other expertise, would facilitate long-term management and asssessment. Data logging, now available, will help monitor wearing and use of system.
PMID: 26036308 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cA6Qac
via IFTTT
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 14;:1-10
Authors: Schepker H, Haeder K, Rennies J, Holube I
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberant and noisy conditions for hearing-impaired listeners for conditions that are similar according to the speech transmission index (STI).
DESIGN: Scaled listening effort was measured in four different conditions at five different STI generated using various relative contributions of noise and reverberant interferences. Intelligibility was measured for a subset of conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty mildly to moderately hearing-impaired listeners.
RESULTS: In general, listening effort decreased and speech intelligibility increased with increasing STI. For simulated impulse responses consisting of white Gaussian noise exponentially decaying in time, a good agreement between conditions of different relative contributions of noise and reverberation was found. For real impulse responses, the STI slightly overestimated the effect of reverberation on the perceived listening effort and underestimated its effect on speech intelligibility. Including the average hearing loss in the calculation of the STI led to a better agreement between STI predictions and subjective data.
CONCLUSION: Speech intelligibility and listening effort provide complementary tools to evaluate speech perception over a broad range of acoustic scenarios. In addition, when incorporating hearing loss information the STI provides a rough prediction of listening effort in these acoustic scenarios.
PMID: 27627181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2czPudl
via IFTTT
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 14;:1-10
Authors: Schepker H, Haeder K, Rennies J, Holube I
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberant and noisy conditions for hearing-impaired listeners for conditions that are similar according to the speech transmission index (STI).
DESIGN: Scaled listening effort was measured in four different conditions at five different STI generated using various relative contributions of noise and reverberant interferences. Intelligibility was measured for a subset of conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty mildly to moderately hearing-impaired listeners.
RESULTS: In general, listening effort decreased and speech intelligibility increased with increasing STI. For simulated impulse responses consisting of white Gaussian noise exponentially decaying in time, a good agreement between conditions of different relative contributions of noise and reverberation was found. For real impulse responses, the STI slightly overestimated the effect of reverberation on the perceived listening effort and underestimated its effect on speech intelligibility. Including the average hearing loss in the calculation of the STI led to a better agreement between STI predictions and subjective data.
CONCLUSION: Speech intelligibility and listening effort provide complementary tools to evaluate speech perception over a broad range of acoustic scenarios. In addition, when incorporating hearing loss information the STI provides a rough prediction of listening effort in these acoustic scenarios.
PMID: 27627181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2czPudl
via IFTTT
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 14;:1-10
Authors: Schepker H, Haeder K, Rennies J, Holube I
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberant and noisy conditions for hearing-impaired listeners for conditions that are similar according to the speech transmission index (STI).
DESIGN: Scaled listening effort was measured in four different conditions at five different STI generated using various relative contributions of noise and reverberant interferences. Intelligibility was measured for a subset of conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty mildly to moderately hearing-impaired listeners.
RESULTS: In general, listening effort decreased and speech intelligibility increased with increasing STI. For simulated impulse responses consisting of white Gaussian noise exponentially decaying in time, a good agreement between conditions of different relative contributions of noise and reverberation was found. For real impulse responses, the STI slightly overestimated the effect of reverberation on the perceived listening effort and underestimated its effect on speech intelligibility. Including the average hearing loss in the calculation of the STI led to a better agreement between STI predictions and subjective data.
CONCLUSION: Speech intelligibility and listening effort provide complementary tools to evaluate speech perception over a broad range of acoustic scenarios. In addition, when incorporating hearing loss information the STI provides a rough prediction of listening effort in these acoustic scenarios.
PMID: 27627181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2czPudl
via IFTTT
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberation and noise for hearing-impaired listeners.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 14;:1-10
Authors: Schepker H, Haeder K, Rennies J, Holube I
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess perceived listening effort and speech intelligibility in reverberant and noisy conditions for hearing-impaired listeners for conditions that are similar according to the speech transmission index (STI).
DESIGN: Scaled listening effort was measured in four different conditions at five different STI generated using various relative contributions of noise and reverberant interferences. Intelligibility was measured for a subset of conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty mildly to moderately hearing-impaired listeners.
RESULTS: In general, listening effort decreased and speech intelligibility increased with increasing STI. For simulated impulse responses consisting of white Gaussian noise exponentially decaying in time, a good agreement between conditions of different relative contributions of noise and reverberation was found. For real impulse responses, the STI slightly overestimated the effect of reverberation on the perceived listening effort and underestimated its effect on speech intelligibility. Including the average hearing loss in the calculation of the STI led to a better agreement between STI predictions and subjective data.
CONCLUSION: Speech intelligibility and listening effort provide complementary tools to evaluate speech perception over a broad range of acoustic scenarios. In addition, when incorporating hearing loss information the STI provides a rough prediction of listening effort in these acoustic scenarios.
PMID: 27627181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2czPudl
via IFTTT
Εγγραφή σε:
Αναρτήσεις (Atom)