Clinical features in maxillary sinus fungus ball in patients with malignant hematological disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical features in maxillary sinus fungus ball in patients with malignant hematological disease Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jul 3. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06973-5. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Previous studies on fungus balls have primarily focused on immunocompetent patients, and only a few studies have described the clinical characteristics of fungus balls in malignant hematological disease (MHD) patients. Therefore, we compared the clinical features of maxillary sinus fungus ball (MSFB) between immunosuppressive patients with MHD and immunocompetent patients. METHODS: Twenty patients with MHD and 40 randomly selected immunocompetent patients were enrolled and divided into MHD and non-MHD groups. All patients were diagnosed with MSFB and their clinical features were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Patients in the MHD group had non-specific clinical symptoms and endoscopic manifestations of MSFB, similar to those in the non-MHD group. On computed tomography (CT), the MHD group showed higher Lund-Ma ckay scores, lesser single sinus opacifications, more multiple sinus opacifications on the affected side, and more bilateral opacifications compared to the non-MHD group. The MHD group had a lower frequency of central hyper-density and heterogeneous opacifications than the non-MHD group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the fungal-infected side, lateral sinus wall ratio, sclerosis of the lateral sinus wall, erosion of the inner sinus wall, and nasal septum deviation. CONCLUSION: The clinical symptoms and endoscopic manifestations of MSFB in patients with MHD were similar to those of immunocompetent patients. However, more atypical signs and wider mucosal inflammation were found on CT scans of MSFB patients with MHD. These results indicate that caution should be executed when excluding the possibility of fungus balls in immunosuppressive patients. PMID:34216265 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06973-5 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Estimation of the relationship between the sacral hiatus and other dorsal sacral parameters using principle component analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Estimation of the relationship between the sacral hiatus and other dorsal sacral parameters using principle component analysis Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jul 3. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02794-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Correct localization of the sacral hiatus is essential for administering a successful caudal epidural block. The purpose of this study is to create a statistical model of sacral hiatus from dorsal sacral parameters to improve the location of the hiatus and thus, reduce the failure rate. The aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship of sacral hiatus morpholo gy and dimension with sacral curvature. This study further examines the dorsal sacral parameters that could affect the sacral hiatus dimension. METHODS: Adult, human, dry sacra and three-dimensionally reconstructed sacra from computed tomography imaging of normal subjects were included in the study and measured using digital Vernier calipers of 0.01 mm accuracy and Geomagic freeform plus software, respectively. RESULT: The most frequent shape of the sacral hiatus was an inverted V (48%) followed by inverted U shape (32%), an irregular shape (12.3%), an M shape (4.7) and an A shape (2.8%). The data were represented by mean and standard deviation. Sacra with M-shaped hiatus had the lowest hiatal length (14.21 ± 5.44 mm), whereas sacra with an inverted V-shaped hiatus had the highest length (25.41 ± 11.3 mm). The anteroposterior diameter of the sacral hiatus at the base in males and females was found to be 3.46 ± 1.48 mm and 2.79 ± 0.83 mm, respectively (P < 0.001). The distance between the caudal end of the median sacral crest and the apex of the sacral hiatus (7.90 ± 6.74 mm, 4.4 ± 5.86 mm) also revealed sexual dimorphism (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The correlations between most of the dorsal sacral parameters and length of the sacral hiatus are significant. The intercornual distance is also moderately correlated with the distance between right and left lateral sacral crest S1 level. Dorsal sacral parameters predicts variance of the sacral hiatus dimension from 40 to 73% and this could be utilized for statistical model of the sacral hiatus. PMID:34216248 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02794-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

LID Study: Plasma lidocaine levels following airway topicalisation for paediatric microlaryngobronchoscopy (MLB)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader LID Study: Plasma lidocaine levels following airway topicalisation for paediatric microlaryngobronchoscopy (MLB) Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Background A dose of 5mg/kg lidocaine is considered appropriate for paediatric airway topicalisation. Existing literature suggests younger children are susceptible to toxic lidocaine plasma levels and achieve this at a faster rate. Aims The primary outcome of this study was to ascertain peak plasma lidocaine levels after topicalisation for airway endoscopy. Secondary endpoints included: time to peak lidocaine plasma levels, signs of lidocaine toxicity (restricted to ECG changes or seizures when under anaesthesia) and clinical adverse events of laryngospasm, coughing or desaturation during the procedure. Methods Data was collected prospectively over 18 months at Royal Manchester Children's Hospital. Children aged 0-8 years undergoing elective diagnostic or therapeutic airway endoscopy were included within the study. Standardised 2% lidocaine was used for airway topicalisation. Dose varied depending upon practitioner usual practice. Venous blood sampling occurred at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes post administration and plasma lidocaine levels (ng/ml) analysed. Results A significant relationship exists between higher peak plasma levels and ages <18 months (p=0.00973). Strong linear correlation exists between body weight and age for our cohort (r=0.88). Higher peak plasma lidocaine levels occur with total dose volumes between 2 and 3mls of 2% lidocaine local anaesthetic (p=0.03) compared with <2ml total dose volumes. Data suggests a potential relationship of lower body weights achieving higher peak plasma levels (p=0.0516). Reduced IQR variation of peak plasma lidocaine levels exists when lidocaine dosing is <5mg/kg. Conclusions Age and total dose volume of topicalised lidocaine have a significant relationship with plasma lidocaine levels. A dose of 5mg/kg topicalised lidocaine for paediatric airway endoscopy is safe and provides good operating conditions. Lower patient body weights trend toward higher peak lidocaine plasma concentrations and require further investigation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Calycosin attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition repression upon inhibiting the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Calycosin attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition repression upon inhibiting the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Jun 30;123(5):151746. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151746. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The precise etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are not completely understood, and no satisfactory treatment exists. This work aimed to examine the effects of calycosin (CA, an isoflavone compound) on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, we established a mice model of PF induced by 5 mg/mL bleomycin (BLM) , and mice were orally administrated with 7 mg/kg or 14 mg/kg CA once a day for three weeks. In vitro, after pretreated with 80 μM CA, MLE-12 cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The results showed that CA treatment ameliorated the severity of fibrosis and the lung tissue damage, as well as suppressed the secretion of inflammation factors in a dose-dependent manner of the PF mice model induced by BLM. Subsequently, CA inhibited the BLM-induced PF progression by repressing EMT, evidenced by the reverse of the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of vimentin, α-SMA, and fibronectin. Moreover, the elevated phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β induced by BLM (or TGF-β1) was decreased by CA treatment, leading to the rescue of the high expression of β-catenin. CA prevented the translocation of β-catenin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The repressed effects of CA on the TGF-β1-i nduced EMT and the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin axis, as well as the translocation of β-catenin were all reversed by a AKT activator SC79. Taken together, CA ameliorated PF by the EMT inhibition upon suppressing the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. PMID:34217047 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151746 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Optimized protocols for in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence on skeletal tissue

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Optimized protocols for in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence on skeletal tissue Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Jun 30;123(5):151747. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151747. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Assessment of gene and protein expression in tissue sections is instrumental in medical research. However, this is often challenging to perform on skeletal tissues that require prolonged decalcification and have poor adhesion to slides. In this study, we optimized selected steps of in situ hybridization (ISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) f or formalin fixed and decalcified skeletal tissues. Sections from distal femur of 6-, 8- and 14- week-old rats injected with BrdU with or without a hemizygous eGFP transgene expressed under the control of a ubiquitous promotor were used. We report that proteinase K digestion is critical for the sensitivity of ISH, as concentrations that were too strong and too mild both resulted in loss of signal. In addition, intensified RNase A digestion removed nonspecific riboprobe-mRNA hybrids. Furthermore, enzymatic antigen retrieval using proteinase K provided more consistent results in IHC and can therefore be a useful alternative to heat induced epitope retrieval (HIER) for skeletal tissues where such treatment often damages the morphology. A mild proteinase K digestion also improved IF detection of GFP and worked well for double labeling IF of GFP and osteocalcin on frozen sections of formalin fixed and decalcified rat bones while maintaining morphology. In summary, this study provides str ategies to improve protocols for enzymatic digestion in ISH, IHC, and IF for skeletal tissues and also demonstrates the importance of careful optimization and validation with the use of these techniques. PMID:34217048 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151747 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Application of supraomohyoid neck dissection via retroauricular hairline incision in patients with oral cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Application of supraomohyoid neck dissection via retroauricular hairline incision in patients with oral cancer Via Auris Nasus Larynx Publication date: Available online 3 July 2021 Source: Auris Nasus Larynx Author(s): Ying Yang, Yan Yan, Pei Liu View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Oesophagoscopy in a Treated Oral Cavity Carcinoma Patient: A Case Report and Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oesophagoscopy in a Treated Oral Cavity Carcinoma Patient: A Case Report and Review Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Vegetable matter, especially fruit seed impaction, is uncommon in Otolaryngology practice. If it happens, there should be a possibility of abnormality in the oesophagus like stricture, web, malignancy, trauma or diverticulum. Here we present a case of seed as a foreign body oesophagus in a patient who was a known case of carcinoma left buccal mucosa status post left hemimandibulectomy with flap reconstruction Radiotherapy 20 years ago. We explained the practical and logistic issues while intubation and doing oesophagoscopy in this patient. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Rare Case Report Of Benign Airway Stenosis and Challenges in its Management

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Rare Case Report Of Benign Airway Stenosis and Challenges in its Management Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Laryngeal stenosis following surgical intervention of larynx is a difficult condition to manage. The extensive adhesions formed between the vocal cords can obstruct the glottis and subglottis region and make decannulation unfeasible. In this report, we describe the challenges faced in the management of Glottosubglotic stenosis formed post Coblation assisted surgery for bilateral abductor cord palsy. The authors emphasize on the prevention techniques and management of laryngeal stenosis with a successful decannulation in such patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

New Onset Vertigo After COVID-19 Infection. A Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader New Onset Vertigo After COVID-19 Infection. A Case Report Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract In addition to the known pathophysiological sequelae of the SARS-COV-2 virus and its related respiratory symptoms, several studies have recently reported cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms of new-onset after a history of infection. Vertigo is a symptom indicating dysfunction of the vestibular system and this report of a 60-year-old female patient points out the possible association between new-onset vertigo and SARS-COV-2 infection. A 60-year-old diabetic and hypertensive female patient with a 9-days history of COVID-19 symptoms presented to the emergency department with acute vertigo attack without nausea or vomiting. A full physical examination showed no other auditory or neurological symptoms and she never experienced vertigo before. Laboratory findings confirmed a current COVID-19 infection. The patient was managed with antihypertensive, anti-vertigo medications, and COVID-19 protocol for mild cases. After discharge, the patient was advised to continue the anti-vertigo drugs and COVID-19 medications. SARS-COV-2 may lead to vestibular neuritis causing vertigo and other related symptoms, but more well-designed observational studies with a large sample size are needed to establish a definite association between COVID-19 and vertigo. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Knockdown of enhancer of rudimentary homolog expression attenuates proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of melanoma cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Knockdown of enhancer of rudimentary homolog expression attenuates proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of melanoma cells Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Early stage or localized melanoma can be surgically resected with satisfactory outcome, whereas advanced malignant melanoma responds to treatment poorly and has a negative prognosis even after surgery, radiotherapy and other comprehensive treatments. Gene therapy targeting various biological signaling pathwa ys has become an increasingly popular area in melanoma research. However, for gene therapy success, it is important to reveal the molecular mechanisms of melanoma tumorigenesis and development. The present study examined the effects of downregulating enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH) expression on the proliferation, metastasis and cell cycle of melanoma cells. ERH expression levels in melanoma tissues and cells were determined. Then, ERH gene expression in melanoma cell lines was downregulated or overexpressed by the lentiviral RNA interference technique. Furthermore, we performed cell counting kit-8, clone formation, scratch, transwell migration, subcutaneous tumorigenesis and venous metastasis assays as well as carried out flow cytometry analysis to explore the effects of ERH expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis. We found that ERH expression in melanoma tissues and cells was markedly higher than in normal melanin nevus. Suppressing ERH express ion by RNA interference in melanoma A375, WM35 and SK28 cell lines inhibited their proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The cell cycle was also found to be blocked in the G1 phase. However, the metastatic properties of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo remained largely unaltered by ERH knockdown. Our results show that ERH expression is increased in melanoma. Meanwhile, the proliferation and cell cycle transformation abilities are impaired potentially by downregulating the ERH expression in melanoma cells. Therefore, targeting ERH might serve as a novel therapeutic approach for malignant melanoma. Received 30 May 2020 Accepted 18 April 2021 Correspondence to Dr. Jianda Zhou, Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Tong zi po Road 172, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China, Tel: +86 135 0849 3668; fax: +86 731 88618015; e-mail: zhoujianda@csu.edu.cn Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Safety and efficacy of autologous tumor lysate particle-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in combination with systemic therapies in patients with recurrent and metastatic melanoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Safety and efficacy of autologous tumor lysate particle-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in combination with systemic therapies in patients with recurrent and metastatic melanoma Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of melanoma, yet survival remains poor for patients with metastatic disease. The autologous tumor lysate, particle-loaded, dendritic cell (TLPLDC) vaccine has been shown to be safe adjuvant therapy for patients with resected stage III/IV melanoma who complete the primary vaccine series. Here, we describe an open-label trial of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with TLPLDC vaccine in addition to standard of care (SoC) therapies. The TLPLDC vaccine is created by loading autologous tumor lysate into yeast cell wall particles, which are phagocytosed by autologous dendritic cells ex vivo. Patients who recurred while enrolled in a phase IIb trial of adjuvant TLPLDC vaccine (crossover cohort) and patients with measurable metastatic melanoma cohort were offered TLPLDC vaccine along with SoC therapies. Tumor response was measured by RECIST 1.1 criteria. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated by intention-to-treat analysis. Fifty-four patients were enrolled (28 in crossover cohort; 26 in metastatic melanoma cohort). The vaccine was well-tolerated with no grade ≥3 adverse events when given with SoC therapies to include checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF/MEK inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, intralesional therapy and/or radiation. In the crossover arm, OS was 76.5% and PFS was 57.1% (median follow-up of 13.9 months). In the metastatic melanoma arm, OS was 85.7% and PFS was 52.2% (median follow-up 8.5 months). The TLPLDC vaccine is well-tolerated and safe in combination with SoC therapies. Future trials will determine the efficacy of TLPLDC in combination with SoC therapies in metastatic melanoma. Received 16 February 2021 Accepted 21 May 2021 Correspondence to Alexandra M. Adams, Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA Tel: xxx; e-mail: lexy.adams16@gmail.com Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.