Balance and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease is improved after exercises with motor complexity

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 61
Author(s): Carla Silva-Batista, Daniel M. Corcos, Hélcio Kanegusuku, Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte, Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi, Andrea C. de Lima-Pardini, Marco Túlio de Mello, Claudia L.M. Forjaz, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Resistance training with instability (RTI) uses exercises with high motor complexity that impose high postural control and cognitive demands that may be important for improving postural instability and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we hypothesized that: 1) RTI will be more effective than resistance training (RT) in improving balance (Balance Evaluation Systems Test [BESTest] and overall stability index [Biodex Balance System^®]) and fear of falling (Falls Efficacy Scale-International [FES-I] score) of subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD); and 2) changes in BESTest and FES-I after RTI will be associated with changes in cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score – previously published) induced by RTI. Thirty-nine subjects with moderate PD were randomly assigned to a nonexercising control, RT, and RTI groups. While RT and RTI groups performed progressive RT twice a week for 12 weeks, the RTI group added progressive unstable devices to increase motor complexity of the resistance exercises. There were significant group × time interactions for BESTest, overall stability index, and FES-I scores (P < 0.05). Only RTI improved BESTest, overall stability index and FES-I scores, and RTI was more effective than RT in improving biomechanical constraints and stability in gait (BESTest sections) at post-training (P < 0.05). There were strong correlations between relative changes in BESTest and MoCA (r = 0.72, P = 0.005), and FES-I and MoCA (r = −0.75, P = 0.003) after RTI. Due to the increased motor complexity in RTI, RTI is recommended for improving balance and fear of falling, which are associated with improvement in cognitive function of PD.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2EdMSzL
via IFTTT

Balance and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease is improved after exercises with motor complexity

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 61
Author(s): Carla Silva-Batista, Daniel M. Corcos, Hélcio Kanegusuku, Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte, Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi, Andrea C. de Lima-Pardini, Marco Túlio de Mello, Claudia L.M. Forjaz, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Resistance training with instability (RTI) uses exercises with high motor complexity that impose high postural control and cognitive demands that may be important for improving postural instability and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we hypothesized that: 1) RTI will be more effective than resistance training (RT) in improving balance (Balance Evaluation Systems Test [BESTest] and overall stability index [Biodex Balance System^®]) and fear of falling (Falls Efficacy Scale-International [FES-I] score) of subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD); and 2) changes in BESTest and FES-I after RTI will be associated with changes in cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score – previously published) induced by RTI. Thirty-nine subjects with moderate PD were randomly assigned to a nonexercising control, RT, and RTI groups. While RT and RTI groups performed progressive RT twice a week for 12 weeks, the RTI group added progressive unstable devices to increase motor complexity of the resistance exercises. There were significant group × time interactions for BESTest, overall stability index, and FES-I scores (P < 0.05). Only RTI improved BESTest, overall stability index and FES-I scores, and RTI was more effective than RT in improving biomechanical constraints and stability in gait (BESTest sections) at post-training (P < 0.05). There were strong correlations between relative changes in BESTest and MoCA (r = 0.72, P = 0.005), and FES-I and MoCA (r = −0.75, P = 0.003) after RTI. Due to the increased motor complexity in RTI, RTI is recommended for improving balance and fear of falling, which are associated with improvement in cognitive function of PD.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2EdMSzL
via IFTTT

Balance and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease is improved after exercises with motor complexity

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 61
Author(s): Carla Silva-Batista, Daniel M. Corcos, Hélcio Kanegusuku, Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte, Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi, Andrea C. de Lima-Pardini, Marco Túlio de Mello, Claudia L.M. Forjaz, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Resistance training with instability (RTI) uses exercises with high motor complexity that impose high postural control and cognitive demands that may be important for improving postural instability and fear of falling in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we hypothesized that: 1) RTI will be more effective than resistance training (RT) in improving balance (Balance Evaluation Systems Test [BESTest] and overall stability index [Biodex Balance System^®]) and fear of falling (Falls Efficacy Scale-International [FES-I] score) of subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD); and 2) changes in BESTest and FES-I after RTI will be associated with changes in cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score – previously published) induced by RTI. Thirty-nine subjects with moderate PD were randomly assigned to a nonexercising control, RT, and RTI groups. While RT and RTI groups performed progressive RT twice a week for 12 weeks, the RTI group added progressive unstable devices to increase motor complexity of the resistance exercises. There were significant group × time interactions for BESTest, overall stability index, and FES-I scores (P < 0.05). Only RTI improved BESTest, overall stability index and FES-I scores, and RTI was more effective than RT in improving biomechanical constraints and stability in gait (BESTest sections) at post-training (P < 0.05). There were strong correlations between relative changes in BESTest and MoCA (r = 0.72, P = 0.005), and FES-I and MoCA (r = −0.75, P = 0.003) after RTI. Due to the increased motor complexity in RTI, RTI is recommended for improving balance and fear of falling, which are associated with improvement in cognitive function of PD.



from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2EdMSzL
via IFTTT

The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea.

The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea.

Hear Res. 2017 Dec 14;358:10-21

Authors: García-Alcántara F, Murillo-Cuesta S, Pulido S, Bermúdez-Muñoz JM, Martínez-Vega R, Milo M, Varela-Nieto I, Rivera T

Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used widely in medicine despite their ototoxic side-effects. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms determining the extent and severity of the damage. Here we evaluate the protective effect of a treatment with resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine on the ototoxic actions of kanamycin and furosemide in the rat. Resveratrol (10 mg/kg) and N-acetylcysteine (400 mg/kg) were administered together to Wistar rats on 5 consecutive days. The second day, a concentrated solution of kanamycin and furosemide was placed on the round window to induce ototoxicity. Hearing was assessed by recording auditory brainstem responses before and 5, 16 and 23 days after the beginning of the treatment. Cochlear samples were taken at day 5 (end of the treatment) and at day 23, and targeted PCR arrays or RT-qPCR were performed to analyze oxidative balance and inflammation related genes, respectively. In addition, the cytoarchitecture and the presence of apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were evaluated in cochlear sections. Results indicate that administration of resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine reduced the threshold shifts induced by ototoxic drugs at high frequencies (≈10 dB), although this protective effect fades after the cessation of the treatment. Gene expression analysis showed that the treatment modulated the expression of genes involved in the cellular oxidative (Gpx1, Sod1, Ccs and Noxa1) and inflammatory (Il1b, Il4, Mpo and Ncf) responses to injury. Thus, co-administration of resveratrol and NAC, routinely used individually in patients, could reduce the ototoxic secondary effects of aminoglycosides.

PMID: 29304389 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2AAck0d
via IFTTT

Deletion of a Long-Range Dlx5 Enhancer Disrupts Inner Ear Development in Mice.

Related Articles

Deletion of a Long-Range Dlx5 Enhancer Disrupts Inner Ear Development in Mice.

Genetics. 2018 Jan 03;:

Authors: Johnson KR, Gagnon LH, Tian C, Longo-Guess CM, Low BE, Wiles MV, Kiernan AE

Abstract
Distal enhancers are thought to play important roles in the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression during embryonic development, but few predicted enhancer elements have been shown to affect transcription of their endogenous genes or to alter phenotypes when disrupted. Here, we demonstrate that a 123.6 kb deletion within the mouse Slc25a13 gene is associated with reduced transcription of Dlx5, a gene located 660 kb away. Mice homozygous for the Slc25a13 deletion mutation (named hyperspin, hspn) have malformed inner ears and are deaf with balance defects, whereas previously reported Slc25a13 knockout mice showed no phenotypic abnormalities. Inner ears of Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice have malformations similar to those of Dlx5-/- embryos, and Dlx5 expression is severely reduced in the otocyst but not the branchial arches of Slc25a13hspn/hspn embryos, indicating that the Slc25a13hspn deletion affects otic-specific enhancers of Dlx5 In addition, transheterozygous Slc25a13+/hspn Dlx5+/- mice exhibit non-complementation with inner ear dysmorphologies similar to those of Slc25a13hspn/hspn and Dlx5-/- embryos, verifying a cis-acting effect of the Slc25a13hspn deletion on Dlx5 expression. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletions of putative enhancer elements located within the Slc25a13hspn deleted region failed to phenocopy the defects of Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice, suggesting the possibility of multiple enhancers with redundant functions. Our findings in mice suggest that analogous enhancer elements in the human SLC25A13 gene may regulate DLX5 expression and underlie the hearing loss that is associated with the SHFM1 syndrome. Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice provide a new animal model for studying long-range enhancer effects on Dlx5 expression in the developing inner ear.

PMID: 29301908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CyZQHQ
via IFTTT

The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea.

The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea.

Hear Res. 2017 Dec 14;358:10-21

Authors: García-Alcántara F, Murillo-Cuesta S, Pulido S, Bermúdez-Muñoz JM, Martínez-Vega R, Milo M, Varela-Nieto I, Rivera T

Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used widely in medicine despite their ototoxic side-effects. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms determining the extent and severity of the damage. Here we evaluate the protective effect of a treatment with resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine on the ototoxic actions of kanamycin and furosemide in the rat. Resveratrol (10 mg/kg) and N-acetylcysteine (400 mg/kg) were administered together to Wistar rats on 5 consecutive days. The second day, a concentrated solution of kanamycin and furosemide was placed on the round window to induce ototoxicity. Hearing was assessed by recording auditory brainstem responses before and 5, 16 and 23 days after the beginning of the treatment. Cochlear samples were taken at day 5 (end of the treatment) and at day 23, and targeted PCR arrays or RT-qPCR were performed to analyze oxidative balance and inflammation related genes, respectively. In addition, the cytoarchitecture and the presence of apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were evaluated in cochlear sections. Results indicate that administration of resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine reduced the threshold shifts induced by ototoxic drugs at high frequencies (≈10 dB), although this protective effect fades after the cessation of the treatment. Gene expression analysis showed that the treatment modulated the expression of genes involved in the cellular oxidative (Gpx1, Sod1, Ccs and Noxa1) and inflammatory (Il1b, Il4, Mpo and Ncf) responses to injury. Thus, co-administration of resveratrol and NAC, routinely used individually in patients, could reduce the ototoxic secondary effects of aminoglycosides.

PMID: 29304389 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2AAck0d
via IFTTT

Deletion of a Long-Range Dlx5 Enhancer Disrupts Inner Ear Development in Mice.

Related Articles

Deletion of a Long-Range Dlx5 Enhancer Disrupts Inner Ear Development in Mice.

Genetics. 2018 Jan 03;:

Authors: Johnson KR, Gagnon LH, Tian C, Longo-Guess CM, Low BE, Wiles MV, Kiernan AE

Abstract
Distal enhancers are thought to play important roles in the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression during embryonic development, but few predicted enhancer elements have been shown to affect transcription of their endogenous genes or to alter phenotypes when disrupted. Here, we demonstrate that a 123.6 kb deletion within the mouse Slc25a13 gene is associated with reduced transcription of Dlx5, a gene located 660 kb away. Mice homozygous for the Slc25a13 deletion mutation (named hyperspin, hspn) have malformed inner ears and are deaf with balance defects, whereas previously reported Slc25a13 knockout mice showed no phenotypic abnormalities. Inner ears of Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice have malformations similar to those of Dlx5-/- embryos, and Dlx5 expression is severely reduced in the otocyst but not the branchial arches of Slc25a13hspn/hspn embryos, indicating that the Slc25a13hspn deletion affects otic-specific enhancers of Dlx5 In addition, transheterozygous Slc25a13+/hspn Dlx5+/- mice exhibit non-complementation with inner ear dysmorphologies similar to those of Slc25a13hspn/hspn and Dlx5-/- embryos, verifying a cis-acting effect of the Slc25a13hspn deletion on Dlx5 expression. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletions of putative enhancer elements located within the Slc25a13hspn deleted region failed to phenocopy the defects of Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice, suggesting the possibility of multiple enhancers with redundant functions. Our findings in mice suggest that analogous enhancer elements in the human SLC25A13 gene may regulate DLX5 expression and underlie the hearing loss that is associated with the SHFM1 syndrome. Slc25a13hspn/hspn mice provide a new animal model for studying long-range enhancer effects on Dlx5 expression in the developing inner ear.

PMID: 29301908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CyZQHQ
via IFTTT

Facing a New Face: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of a Blind Face Transplant Patient and His Partner.

Facing a New Face: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of a Blind Face Transplant Patient and His Partner.

J Craniofac Surg. 2018 Jan 04;:

Authors: Hendrickx H, Blondeel PN, Van Parys H, Roche NA, Peeters PC, Vermeersch HF, Rogiers X, Van Lierde K, Lemmens GMD

Abstract
Increasing evidence points to good functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial outcomes after face transplantation. However, research investigating how patients and their families subjectively experience the transplantation process is lacking thus far. This study aims to investigate the personal experiences of a blind face transplant patient and his partner. In-depth interviews exploring different experiences were conducted with both partners separately 20 months after face transplantation. The interviews were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Seven themes were identified in both interviews: coping with the facial trauma, motivation for the face transplantation, outcomes of the face transplantation, acceptance of the new face, gratitude toward the donor family, relation to the medical team, and dealing with the media. Two further themes were only mentioned by the patient (coping with complications and coping with blindness) and one theme only by the partner (loss of choices). The results of this study increase our understanding of the transplantation process as experienced by a face transplant recipient and his partner. They may help to better inform professionals to optimize transplantation procedures or supportive interventions.

PMID: 29303865 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2EeMgtM
via IFTTT

Morbidity pattern and its sociodemographic determinants among elderly population of Raichur district, Karnataka, India.

Related Articles

Morbidity pattern and its sociodemographic determinants among elderly population of Raichur district, Karnataka, India.

J Family Med Prim Care. 2017 Apr-Jun;6(2):340-344

Authors: George LS, Deshpande S, Krishna Kumar MK, Patil RS

Abstract
Context: India is an "aging nation" with 7.7% of its population being above 60 years of age. It has resulted in a rise of both physical and mental health morbidities.
Aims: This study aimed to gather information regarding the morbidity pattern and its sociodemographic determinants among the elderly residing in the rural villages of Raichur, to understand the need for geriatric health-care facilities.
Settings and Design: This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in six rural villages of Raichur District, of which 230 elderly were selected randomly.
Subjects and Methods: The data were collected using a questionnaire, clinical history, examination, and cross-checking of medical records.
Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using Epi Info version-3.5.3.
Results: The prevalence of morbidity was 91.7% with an average of 3/person. Females (58.9%) had more morbidities than men (41.1%). The 3 most common morbidities were orthopedic (50.5%), cataract (50.4%), and respiratory (31.3%). 26.6% suffered from gastrointestinal morbidities while 23.9% had dental problems. 20.9% had hypertension with equal prevalence among both sexes. Only 17.4% were diabetics with majority being women. Central nervous system morbidities were 14.2% while 9.6% suffered from hearing loss and varicose veins. 8.2% had genitourinary-urinary morbidities and incontinence (1.7%) was common among both sexes. Depression (71.1%) and dermatological morbidities (4.7%) were prevalent among women. Only 3.5% suffered from cardiac morbidity and 0.4% from cancer. Significant association was found between age and morbidity and also between socioeconomic class and morbidity pattern.
Conclusions: Geriatric care should become an integral part of primary health care. Regular screening and Information, Education, and Communication activities need to be provided early in life for ensuring healthy aging.

PMID: 29302544 [PubMed]

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2F4u5Z3
via IFTTT

Hearing impairment and hearing aid usage in Singapore

.


from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CzNUG9
via IFTTT

The River of Aural Serenity: selected papers from the 2017 Annual Conference of the National Hearing Conservation Association

.


from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CZP0M1
via IFTTT

Hearing impairment and hearing aid usage in Singapore

.


from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CzNUG9
via IFTTT

The River of Aural Serenity: selected papers from the 2017 Annual Conference of the National Hearing Conservation Association

.


from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CZP0M1
via IFTTT

Hearing impairment and hearing aid usage in Singapore

.


from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CzNUG9
via IFTTT

The River of Aural Serenity: selected papers from the 2017 Annual Conference of the National Hearing Conservation Association

.


from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2CZP0M1
via IFTTT