Performance of Low-Income Dual Language Learners Attending English-Only Schools on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish

Purpose

The aim of this study was to examine the performance of a group of Spanish-speaking, dual language learners (DLLs) who were attending English-only schools and came from low-income and low-parental education backgrounds on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish (CELF-4S; Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2006).

Method

Spanish-speaking DLLs (N = 656), ages 5;0 (years;months) to 7;11, were tested for language impairment (LI) using the core language score of the CELF-4S and the English Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test (Dawson, Stout, & Eyer, 2003). A subsample (n = 299) was additionally tested using a Spanish language sample analysis and a newly developed Spanish morphosyntactic measure, for identification of children with LI and to conduct a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results

Over 50% of the sample scored more than 1 SD below the mean on the core language score. In our subsample, the sensitivity of the CELF-4S was 94%, and specificity was 65%, using a cutoff score of 85 as suggested in the manual. Using an empirically derived cutoff score of 78, the sensitivity was 86%, and the specificity was 80%.

Conclusions

Results suggest that the CELF-4S overidentifies low-income Spanish–English DLLs attending English-only schools as presenting with LI. For this sample, 1 in every 3 Latino children from low socioeconomic status was incorrectly identified with LI. Clinicians should be cautious when using the CELF-4S to evaluate low-income Spanish–English DLLs and ensure that they have converging evidence before making diagnostic decisions.

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Performance of Low-Income Dual Language Learners Attending English-Only Schools on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish

Purpose

The aim of this study was to examine the performance of a group of Spanish-speaking, dual language learners (DLLs) who were attending English-only schools and came from low-income and low-parental education backgrounds on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish (CELF-4S; Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2006).

Method

Spanish-speaking DLLs (N = 656), ages 5;0 (years;months) to 7;11, were tested for language impairment (LI) using the core language score of the CELF-4S and the English Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test (Dawson, Stout, & Eyer, 2003). A subsample (n = 299) was additionally tested using a Spanish language sample analysis and a newly developed Spanish morphosyntactic measure, for identification of children with LI and to conduct a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results

Over 50% of the sample scored more than 1 SD below the mean on the core language score. In our subsample, the sensitivity of the CELF-4S was 94%, and specificity was 65%, using a cutoff score of 85 as suggested in the manual. Using an empirically derived cutoff score of 78, the sensitivity was 86%, and the specificity was 80%.

Conclusions

Results suggest that the CELF-4S overidentifies low-income Spanish–English DLLs attending English-only schools as presenting with LI. For this sample, 1 in every 3 Latino children from low socioeconomic status was incorrectly identified with LI. Clinicians should be cautious when using the CELF-4S to evaluate low-income Spanish–English DLLs and ensure that they have converging evidence before making diagnostic decisions.

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Performance of Low-Income Dual Language Learners Attending English-Only Schools on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish

Purpose

The aim of this study was to examine the performance of a group of Spanish-speaking, dual language learners (DLLs) who were attending English-only schools and came from low-income and low-parental education backgrounds on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish (CELF-4S; Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2006).

Method

Spanish-speaking DLLs (N = 656), ages 5;0 (years;months) to 7;11, were tested for language impairment (LI) using the core language score of the CELF-4S and the English Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test (Dawson, Stout, & Eyer, 2003). A subsample (n = 299) was additionally tested using a Spanish language sample analysis and a newly developed Spanish morphosyntactic measure, for identification of children with LI and to conduct a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results

Over 50% of the sample scored more than 1 SD below the mean on the core language score. In our subsample, the sensitivity of the CELF-4S was 94%, and specificity was 65%, using a cutoff score of 85 as suggested in the manual. Using an empirically derived cutoff score of 78, the sensitivity was 86%, and the specificity was 80%.

Conclusions

Results suggest that the CELF-4S overidentifies low-income Spanish–English DLLs attending English-only schools as presenting with LI. For this sample, 1 in every 3 Latino children from low socioeconomic status was incorrectly identified with LI. Clinicians should be cautious when using the CELF-4S to evaluate low-income Spanish–English DLLs and ensure that they have converging evidence before making diagnostic decisions.

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Accuracy of a Screening Tool for Early Identification of Language Impairment

Purpose

A screening tool called the VTO Language Screening Instrument (VTO-LSI) was developed to enable more uniform and earlier detection of language impairment. This report, consisting of 2 retrospective studies, focuses on the effects of using the VTO-LSI compared to regular detection procedures.

Method

Study 1 retrospectively compared VTO-LSI with regular detection procedures. Outcome measure was the detection rate of language impairment among 24-month-old children. Data were retrieved from medical records of children attending a youth health care center. Study 2 retrospectively compared the effects of VTO-LSI and regular detection procedures on the age at referral for diagnostic investigations and the influence of sex. Data were retrieved from medical records from the speech and hearing center and analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance.

Results

With the VTO-LSI, significantly more cases with language impairment were identified compared with the regular detection procedure (2.4% vs. 0.4%). In regions where the VTO-LSI was used, girls were almost 2 years younger, and boys were 1 year younger when referred to diagnostic investigations than in regions with regular detection procedures.

Conclusion

The VTO-LSI was more effective than regular detection procedures.

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Accuracy of a Screening Tool for Early Identification of Language Impairment

Purpose

A screening tool called the VTO Language Screening Instrument (VTO-LSI) was developed to enable more uniform and earlier detection of language impairment. This report, consisting of 2 retrospective studies, focuses on the effects of using the VTO-LSI compared to regular detection procedures.

Method

Study 1 retrospectively compared VTO-LSI with regular detection procedures. Outcome measure was the detection rate of language impairment among 24-month-old children. Data were retrieved from medical records of children attending a youth health care center. Study 2 retrospectively compared the effects of VTO-LSI and regular detection procedures on the age at referral for diagnostic investigations and the influence of sex. Data were retrieved from medical records from the speech and hearing center and analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance.

Results

With the VTO-LSI, significantly more cases with language impairment were identified compared with the regular detection procedure (2.4% vs. 0.4%). In regions where the VTO-LSI was used, girls were almost 2 years younger, and boys were 1 year younger when referred to diagnostic investigations than in regions with regular detection procedures.

Conclusion

The VTO-LSI was more effective than regular detection procedures.

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Accuracy of a Screening Tool for Early Identification of Language Impairment

Purpose

A screening tool called the VTO Language Screening Instrument (VTO-LSI) was developed to enable more uniform and earlier detection of language impairment. This report, consisting of 2 retrospective studies, focuses on the effects of using the VTO-LSI compared to regular detection procedures.

Method

Study 1 retrospectively compared VTO-LSI with regular detection procedures. Outcome measure was the detection rate of language impairment among 24-month-old children. Data were retrieved from medical records of children attending a youth health care center. Study 2 retrospectively compared the effects of VTO-LSI and regular detection procedures on the age at referral for diagnostic investigations and the influence of sex. Data were retrieved from medical records from the speech and hearing center and analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance.

Results

With the VTO-LSI, significantly more cases with language impairment were identified compared with the regular detection procedure (2.4% vs. 0.4%). In regions where the VTO-LSI was used, girls were almost 2 years younger, and boys were 1 year younger when referred to diagnostic investigations than in regions with regular detection procedures.

Conclusion

The VTO-LSI was more effective than regular detection procedures.

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The Role of Preoperative Steroids for Hearing Preservation Cochlear Implantation: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives: To determine whether preoperative steroids can improve hearing outcomes in cochlear implantation (CI). Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial involving 30 postlingual deaf CI patients. Subjects had preoperative thresholds of better than or equal to 80 dB at 125 and 250 Hz, and better than or equal to 90 dB at 500 and 1,000 Hz. The subjects were randomized to a control group, an oral steroid group (receiving 1 mg/kg/day of prednisolone for 6 days prior to surgery), or a transtympanic steroid group (receiving a single dose of 0.5 mL of 10 mg/mL dexamethasone at 24 h prior to surgery). Results: The subjects receiving transtympanic steroids had a significant decrease in the pure tone average over 3 months compared to the control and oral steroid group, which persisted over 12 months (p Conclusion: A single dose of preoperative transtympanic steroids prior to CI appears to have a beneficial effect, at least in the short term, with minimal effects seen in the longer term.
Audiol Neurotol 2017;22:292-302

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