Similarities and differences of estrogen in the regulation of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and knee osteoarthritis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Similarities and differences of estrogen in the regulation of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and knee osteoarthritis Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2022 Feb 23:18442. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-442. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) and knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) are two kinds of common osteoarthritis (OA) that are characterized by chronic degeneration of soft and hard tissues around joints. Their gender and age differences suggest that there are similarities and differences between the pathogenic mechanisms of TMJOA and knee OA. OBJECTIVE: To review recent studies on the effect of estrogen on TMJOA and knee OA, and summarize their possible pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms. SOURCES: Articles up to present reporting the relationship of estrogen and TMJOA or knee OA are included. An extensive electronic search was conducted of databases including PubMed, Web of science core collection. CONCLUSION: According to epidemiological investigations, TMJOA primarily happens to females of puberty a nd childbearing age, while knee OA mainly affects postmenopausal women. Epidemiological investigation and experimental research suggest that estrogen may have a different effect on TMJ and on knee. Though estrogen regulates TMJOA and knee OA via estrogen-related receptors (ERR), their pathogenesis and pathway of estrogen regulation are different. To find out the accurate regulation of estrogen on TMJOA and knee OA, specific pathways and molecular mechanisms still need further exploration. PMID:35194774 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-442 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hyperintense areas in the cisternal segments of the cranial nerves: a magnetic resonance imaging study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hyperintense areas in the cisternal segments of the cranial nerves: a magnetic resonance imaging study Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2022 Feb 23. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-02902-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The study aimed to explore hyperintense areas in the cisternal segments of the cranial nerves using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Seventy outpatients underwent thin-sliced, coronal constructive interference steady-state (CISS) sequence and sagittal T2-weighted MRI following conventional MRI examination. RESULTS: With the coronal CISS sequence, hype rintense areas were located in the central parts of the olfactory bulbs in 65.7% of patients. For the intracranial optic nerve and optic chiasm, hyperintense areas were detected in 98.6% of the CISS sequences and 100% of the T2-weighted images. In the optic tract, hyperintense areas were detected in 51.4% of cases. In 35% of the patients who underwent the CISS sequence, the intracranial optic nerves were considerably compressed by the internal carotid and anterior cerebral arteries, with hyperintense areas similar to those in patients without vascular compression. Hyperintense areas of the cisternal segments of the oculomotor nerve and trigeminal root were identified in 52.9% and 87.1% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The hyperintense areas found within the cisternal segments of the cranial nerves delineated on the coronal CISS sequence and sagittal T2-weighted imaging may indicate the intracranial part of the glymphatic pathway through the cranial nerves. The crani al nerves may function as part of the glymphatic pathway. PMID:35195771 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-022-02902-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.