Publication date: Available online 28 January 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Joris AM. Soons, Femke Danckaers, William Keustermans, Toon Huysmans, Jan Sijbers, Jan W. Casselman, Joris JJ. Dirckx
Human middle ears show large morphological variations. This could affect our perception of hearing and explain large variation in experimentally obtained transfer functions. Most morphological studies focus on capturing variation by using landmarks on cadaveric temporal bones.We present statistical shape analysis based on clinical cone beam CT (CBCT) scans of 100 patients. This allowed us to include surface information on the incudomallear (IM) complex (joint, ligaments and tendon not included) of 123 healthy ears with a scanning resolution of 150 μm and without a priori assumptions. Statistical shape modeling yields an average geometry for the IM complex and the variations present in the population with a high precision.Mean values, variation and correlations among anatomical features (length of manubrium, combined length of malleus head and neck, lengths of incus long and short process, enclosing angles, ossicular lever ratio, incudomallear angle, and principal moments of inertia) are reported and compared to results from the literature. Most variation is found in overall size and the angle between incus and malleus. The compact representation provided by statistical shape modeling is demonstrated and its benefits for surface modeling are discussed.
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Τετάρτη 27 Ιανουαρίου 2016
3D morphometric analysis of the human incudomallear complex using clinical cone-beam CT
Publication date: Available online 28 January 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Joris AM. Soons, Femke Danckaers, William Keustermans, Toon Huysmans, Jan Sijbers, Jan W. Casselman, Joris JJ. Dirckx
Human middle ears show large morphological variations. This could affect our perception of hearing and explain large variation in experimentally obtained transfer functions. Most morphological studies focus on capturing variation by using landmarks on cadaveric temporal bones.We present statistical shape analysis based on clinical cone beam CT (CBCT) scans of 100 patients. This allowed us to include surface information on the incudomallear (IM) complex (joint, ligaments and tendon not included) of 123 healthy ears with a scanning resolution of 150 μm and without a priori assumptions. Statistical shape modeling yields an average geometry for the IM complex and the variations present in the population with a high precision.Mean values, variation and correlations among anatomical features (length of manubrium, combined length of malleus head and neck, lengths of incus long and short process, enclosing angles, ossicular lever ratio, incudomallear angle, and principal moments of inertia) are reported and compared to results from the literature. Most variation is found in overall size and the angle between incus and malleus. The compact representation provided by statistical shape modeling is demonstrated and its benefits for surface modeling are discussed.
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Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Joris AM. Soons, Femke Danckaers, William Keustermans, Toon Huysmans, Jan Sijbers, Jan W. Casselman, Joris JJ. Dirckx
Human middle ears show large morphological variations. This could affect our perception of hearing and explain large variation in experimentally obtained transfer functions. Most morphological studies focus on capturing variation by using landmarks on cadaveric temporal bones.We present statistical shape analysis based on clinical cone beam CT (CBCT) scans of 100 patients. This allowed us to include surface information on the incudomallear (IM) complex (joint, ligaments and tendon not included) of 123 healthy ears with a scanning resolution of 150 μm and without a priori assumptions. Statistical shape modeling yields an average geometry for the IM complex and the variations present in the population with a high precision.Mean values, variation and correlations among anatomical features (length of manubrium, combined length of malleus head and neck, lengths of incus long and short process, enclosing angles, ossicular lever ratio, incudomallear angle, and principal moments of inertia) are reported and compared to results from the literature. Most variation is found in overall size and the angle between incus and malleus. The compact representation provided by statistical shape modeling is demonstrated and its benefits for surface modeling are discussed.
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Kathy Foltner, AuD, Receives Alumnus of the Year Award
Salus University named Kathy Foltner, AuD, the Salus University Audiology Alumna of the Year, an award given to an alumnus who has made constructive contributions to audiology and to the University's Osborne College of Audiology.
Dr. Foltner is the founder and owner of AuDNet, Inc. and Foltner Consulting LLC, two national hearing health care purchasing organizations. She also teaches audiology practice management at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.
She will accept her award at the Salus University open house during AudiologyNOW! on Wednesday, April 13.
Published: 1/27/2016 1:47:00 PM
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Kathy Foltner, AuD, Receives Alumnus of the Year Award
Salus University named Kathy Foltner, AuD, the Salus University Audiology Alumna of the Year, an award given to an alumnus who has made constructive contributions to audiology and to the University's Osborne College of Audiology.
Dr. Foltner is the founder and owner of AuDNet, Inc. and Foltner Consulting LLC, two national hearing health care purchasing organizations. She also teaches audiology practice management at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.
She will accept her award at the Salus University open house during AudiologyNOW! on Wednesday, April 13.
Published: 1/27/2016 1:47:00 PM
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Kathy Foltner, AuD, Receives Alumnus of the Year Award
Salus University named Kathy Foltner, AuD, the Salus University Audiology Alumna of the Year, an award given to an alumnus who has made constructive contributions to audiology and to the University's Osborne College of Audiology.
Dr. Foltner is the founder and owner of AuDNet, Inc. and Foltner Consulting LLC, two national hearing health care purchasing organizations. She also teaches audiology practice management at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.
She will accept her award at the Salus University open house during AudiologyNOW! on Wednesday, April 13.
Published: 1/27/2016 1:47:00 PM
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JAAA CEU Program.
| Related Articles |
JAAA CEU Program.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):64-5
Authors:
PMID: 26809329 [PubMed - in process]
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JAAA CEU Program.
| Related Articles |
JAAA CEU Program.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):64-5
Authors:
PMID: 26809329 [PubMed - in process]
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Correction: Loudness as a Cue for Acceptable Noise Levels.
| Related Articles |
Correction: Loudness as a Cue for Acceptable Noise Levels.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):63
Authors:
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.25.6.10.].
PMID: 26809328 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Correction: Loudness as a Cue for Acceptable Noise Levels.
| Related Articles |
Correction: Loudness as a Cue for Acceptable Noise Levels.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):63
Authors:
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.25.6.10.].
PMID: 26809328 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hearing Loss Terminology: In Response to Wilson and Margolis (2015).
| Related Articles |
Hearing Loss Terminology: In Response to Wilson and Margolis (2015).
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):62
Authors: Clark JG, Martin FN
PMID: 26809327 [PubMed - in process]
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Hearing Loss Terminology: In Response to Wilson and Margolis (2015).
| Related Articles |
Hearing Loss Terminology: In Response to Wilson and Margolis (2015).
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):62
Authors: Clark JG, Martin FN
PMID: 26809327 [PubMed - in process]
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Preservation of Neural Sensitivity after Noise-Induced Suppression of Sensory Function.
| Related Articles |
Preservation of Neural Sensitivity after Noise-Induced Suppression of Sensory Function.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):49-61
Authors: Guthrie OW
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Permanent loss of outer hair cell (OHC) amplification may occur within days of acoustic overexposure. This loss of sensory function typically results in an immediate loss of neural sensitivity although neurodegeneration occurs months or years after damage to OHCs. This delay in neurodegeneration might provide an opportunity to preserve neural sensitivity although OHC amplification is permanently lost.
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that neural functions can be preserved after permanent and severe loss of OHC amplification. To begin to address this possibility, an animal model of severe permanent loss of both OHC and neural functions was established.
RESEARCH DESIGN: This research employed a 4 × 4 split-plot factorial design, with four levels of the within-subject factor (time: baseline, 1-day, 1-week, and 1-mo postnoise exposure) and four levels of the between-subject factor (experimental groups: control, noise exposed, therapy, and noise exposed + therapy).
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty-six hooded male Long-Evans rats (263 ± 63 g) served as subjects for this experiment. All animals exhibited baseline auditory function that approximated normative values for rats of the same strain.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses were used to assay and differentiate OHC versus neural functions. Factorial analysis of variances was computed to identify statistically significant main effects and Dunnett testing was employed in post hoc computations.
INTERVENTION: To rescue neural function after permanent loss of OHC amplification, small molecular weight carboxy alkyl esters were employed after noise injury.
RESULTS: The results revealed that in the presence of permanent loss of OHC amplification, the loss of neural sensitivity could be rescued. In addition, auditory brainstem response wave I amplitudes at suprathreshold levels were rescued from noise-induced depletion into the biologic noise floor.
CONCLUSION: Since mammalian OHCs do not regenerate after damage, these results encourage further experiments aimed at preserving neural functions following noise injury.
PMID: 26809326 [PubMed - in process]
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Preservation of Neural Sensitivity after Noise-Induced Suppression of Sensory Function.
| Related Articles |
Preservation of Neural Sensitivity after Noise-Induced Suppression of Sensory Function.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):49-61
Authors: Guthrie OW
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Permanent loss of outer hair cell (OHC) amplification may occur within days of acoustic overexposure. This loss of sensory function typically results in an immediate loss of neural sensitivity although neurodegeneration occurs months or years after damage to OHCs. This delay in neurodegeneration might provide an opportunity to preserve neural sensitivity although OHC amplification is permanently lost.
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that neural functions can be preserved after permanent and severe loss of OHC amplification. To begin to address this possibility, an animal model of severe permanent loss of both OHC and neural functions was established.
RESEARCH DESIGN: This research employed a 4 × 4 split-plot factorial design, with four levels of the within-subject factor (time: baseline, 1-day, 1-week, and 1-mo postnoise exposure) and four levels of the between-subject factor (experimental groups: control, noise exposed, therapy, and noise exposed + therapy).
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty-six hooded male Long-Evans rats (263 ± 63 g) served as subjects for this experiment. All animals exhibited baseline auditory function that approximated normative values for rats of the same strain.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses were used to assay and differentiate OHC versus neural functions. Factorial analysis of variances was computed to identify statistically significant main effects and Dunnett testing was employed in post hoc computations.
INTERVENTION: To rescue neural function after permanent loss of OHC amplification, small molecular weight carboxy alkyl esters were employed after noise injury.
RESULTS: The results revealed that in the presence of permanent loss of OHC amplification, the loss of neural sensitivity could be rescued. In addition, auditory brainstem response wave I amplitudes at suprathreshold levels were rescued from noise-induced depletion into the biologic noise floor.
CONCLUSION: Since mammalian OHCs do not regenerate after damage, these results encourage further experiments aimed at preserving neural functions following noise injury.
PMID: 26809326 [PubMed - in process]
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Diagnostic Hearing Assessment in Schools: Validity and Time Efficiency of Automated Audiometry.
| Related Articles |
Diagnostic Hearing Assessment in Schools: Validity and Time Efficiency of Automated Audiometry.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):42-8
Authors: Mahomed-Asmail F, Swanepoel de W, Eikelboom RH
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poor follow-up compliance from school-based hearing screening typically undermines the efficacy of school-based hearing screening programs. Onsite diagnostic audiometry with automation may reduce false positives and ensure directed referrals.
PURPOSE: To investigate the validity and time efficiency of automated diagnostic air- and bone-conduction audiometry for children in a natural school environment following hearing screening.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A within-subject repeated measures design was employed to compare air- and bone-conduction pure-tone thresholds (0.5-4 kHz), measured by manual and automated pure-tone audiometry.
STUDY SAMPLE: Sixty-two children, 25 males and 37 females, with an average age of 8 yr (standard deviation [SD] = 0.92; range = 6-10 yr) were recruited for this study. The participants included 30 children who failed on a hearing screening and 32 children who passed a hearing screening.
DATA ANALYSIS: Threshold comparisons were made for air- and bone-conduction thresholds across ears tested with manual and automated audiometry. To avoid a floor effect thresholds of 15 dB HL were excluded in analyses. The Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to compare threshold correspondence for manual and automated thresholds and the paired samples t-test was used to compare test time. Statistical significance was set as p ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS: 85.7% of air-conduction thresholds and 44.6% of bone-conduction thresholds corresponded within the normal range (15 dB HL) for manual and automated audiometry. Both manual and automated audiometry air- and bone-conduction thresholds exceeded 15 dB HL in 9.9% and 34.0% of thresholds, respectively. For these thresholds, average absolute differences for air- and bone-conduction thresholds were 6.3 (SD = 8.3) and 2.2 dB (SD = 3.6) and they corresponded within 10 dB across frequencies in 87.7% and 100.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference between manual and automated air- and bone-conduction across frequencies for these thresholds.
CONCLUSION: Using onsite automated diagnostic audiometry for children who fail hearing screening may improve the efficacy of school-based screening programs by reducing false positives and ensuring directed referrals for audiological or medical intervention or both.
PMID: 26809325 [PubMed - in process]
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Diagnostic Hearing Assessment in Schools: Validity and Time Efficiency of Automated Audiometry.
| Related Articles |
Diagnostic Hearing Assessment in Schools: Validity and Time Efficiency of Automated Audiometry.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):42-8
Authors: Mahomed-Asmail F, Swanepoel de W, Eikelboom RH
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poor follow-up compliance from school-based hearing screening typically undermines the efficacy of school-based hearing screening programs. Onsite diagnostic audiometry with automation may reduce false positives and ensure directed referrals.
PURPOSE: To investigate the validity and time efficiency of automated diagnostic air- and bone-conduction audiometry for children in a natural school environment following hearing screening.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A within-subject repeated measures design was employed to compare air- and bone-conduction pure-tone thresholds (0.5-4 kHz), measured by manual and automated pure-tone audiometry.
STUDY SAMPLE: Sixty-two children, 25 males and 37 females, with an average age of 8 yr (standard deviation [SD] = 0.92; range = 6-10 yr) were recruited for this study. The participants included 30 children who failed on a hearing screening and 32 children who passed a hearing screening.
DATA ANALYSIS: Threshold comparisons were made for air- and bone-conduction thresholds across ears tested with manual and automated audiometry. To avoid a floor effect thresholds of 15 dB HL were excluded in analyses. The Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to compare threshold correspondence for manual and automated thresholds and the paired samples t-test was used to compare test time. Statistical significance was set as p ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS: 85.7% of air-conduction thresholds and 44.6% of bone-conduction thresholds corresponded within the normal range (15 dB HL) for manual and automated audiometry. Both manual and automated audiometry air- and bone-conduction thresholds exceeded 15 dB HL in 9.9% and 34.0% of thresholds, respectively. For these thresholds, average absolute differences for air- and bone-conduction thresholds were 6.3 (SD = 8.3) and 2.2 dB (SD = 3.6) and they corresponded within 10 dB across frequencies in 87.7% and 100.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference between manual and automated air- and bone-conduction across frequencies for these thresholds.
CONCLUSION: Using onsite automated diagnostic audiometry for children who fail hearing screening may improve the efficacy of school-based screening programs by reducing false positives and ensuring directed referrals for audiological or medical intervention or both.
PMID: 26809325 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effects of Hearing Aid Directional Microphone and Noise Reduction Processing on Listening Effort in Older Adults with Hearing Loss.
| Related Articles |
The Effects of Hearing Aid Directional Microphone and Noise Reduction Processing on Listening Effort in Older Adults with Hearing Loss.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):29-41
Authors: Desjardins JL
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older listeners with hearing loss may exert more cognitive resources to maintain a level of listening performance similar to that of younger listeners with normal hearing. Unfortunately, this increase in cognitive load, which is often conceptualized as increased listening effort, may come at the cost of cognitive processing resources that might otherwise be available for other tasks.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined effects of a hearing aid directional microphone and a noise reduction (NR) algorithm on reducing the listening effort older listeners with hearing loss expend on a speech-in-noise task.
RESEARCH DESIGN: Participants were fitted with study worn commercially available behind-the-ear hearing aids. Listening effort on a sentence recognition in noise task was measured using an objective auditory-visual dual-task paradigm. The primary task required participants to repeat sentences presented in quiet and in a four-talker babble. The secondary task was a digital visual pursuit rotor-tracking test, for which participants were instructed to use a computer mouse to track a moving target around an ellipse that was displayed on a computer screen. Each of the two tasks was presented separately and concurrently at a fixed overall speech recognition performance level of 50% correct with and without the directional microphone and/or the NR algorithm activated in the hearing aids. In addition, participants reported how effortful it was to listen to the sentences in quiet and in background noise in the different hearing aid listening conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Fifteen older listeners with mild sloping to severe sensorineural hearing loss participated in this study.
RESULTS: Listening effort in background noise was significantly reduced with the directional microphones activated in the hearing aids. However, there was no significant change in listening effort with the hearing aid NR algorithm compared to no noise processing. Correlation analysis between objective and self-reported ratings of listening effort showed no significant relation.
CONCLUSIONS: Directional microphone processing effectively reduced the cognitive load of listening to speech in background noise. This is significant because it is likely that listeners with hearing impairment will frequently encounter noisy speech in their everyday communications.
PMID: 26809324 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effect of Lexical Content on Dichotic Speech Recognition in Older Adults.
| Related Articles |
The Effect of Lexical Content on Dichotic Speech Recognition in Older Adults.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):13-28
Authors: Findlen UM, Roup CM
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Age-related auditory processing deficits have been shown to negatively affect speech recognition for older adult listeners. In contrast, older adults gain benefit from their ability to make use of semantic and lexical content of the speech signal (i.e., top-down processing), particularly in complex listening situations. Assessment of auditory processing abilities among aging adults should take into consideration semantic and lexical content of the speech signal.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of lexical and attentional factors on dichotic speech recognition performance characteristics for older adult listeners.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A repeated measures design was used to examine differences in dichotic word recognition as a function of lexical and attentional factors.
STUDY SAMPLE: Thirty-five older adults (61-85 yr) with sensorineural hearing loss participated in this study.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Dichotic speech recognition was evaluated using consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) word and nonsense CVC syllable stimuli administered in the free recall, directed recall right, and directed recall left response conditions.
RESULTS: Dichotic speech recognition performance for nonsense CVC syllables was significantly poorer than performance for CVC words. Dichotic recognition performance varied across response condition for both stimulus types, which is consistent with previous studies on dichotic speech recognition. Inspection of individual results revealed that five listeners demonstrated an auditory-based left ear deficit for one or both stimulus types.
CONCLUSIONS: Lexical content of stimulus materials affects performance characteristics for dichotic speech recognition tasks in the older adult population. The use of nonsense CVC syllable material may provide a way to assess dichotic speech recognition performance while potentially lessening the effects of lexical content on performance (i.e., measuring bottom-up auditory function both with and without top-down processing).
PMID: 26809323 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effects of Hearing Aid Directional Microphone and Noise Reduction Processing on Listening Effort in Older Adults with Hearing Loss.
| Related Articles |
The Effects of Hearing Aid Directional Microphone and Noise Reduction Processing on Listening Effort in Older Adults with Hearing Loss.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):29-41
Authors: Desjardins JL
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older listeners with hearing loss may exert more cognitive resources to maintain a level of listening performance similar to that of younger listeners with normal hearing. Unfortunately, this increase in cognitive load, which is often conceptualized as increased listening effort, may come at the cost of cognitive processing resources that might otherwise be available for other tasks.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined effects of a hearing aid directional microphone and a noise reduction (NR) algorithm on reducing the listening effort older listeners with hearing loss expend on a speech-in-noise task.
RESEARCH DESIGN: Participants were fitted with study worn commercially available behind-the-ear hearing aids. Listening effort on a sentence recognition in noise task was measured using an objective auditory-visual dual-task paradigm. The primary task required participants to repeat sentences presented in quiet and in a four-talker babble. The secondary task was a digital visual pursuit rotor-tracking test, for which participants were instructed to use a computer mouse to track a moving target around an ellipse that was displayed on a computer screen. Each of the two tasks was presented separately and concurrently at a fixed overall speech recognition performance level of 50% correct with and without the directional microphone and/or the NR algorithm activated in the hearing aids. In addition, participants reported how effortful it was to listen to the sentences in quiet and in background noise in the different hearing aid listening conditions.
STUDY SAMPLE: Fifteen older listeners with mild sloping to severe sensorineural hearing loss participated in this study.
RESULTS: Listening effort in background noise was significantly reduced with the directional microphones activated in the hearing aids. However, there was no significant change in listening effort with the hearing aid NR algorithm compared to no noise processing. Correlation analysis between objective and self-reported ratings of listening effort showed no significant relation.
CONCLUSIONS: Directional microphone processing effectively reduced the cognitive load of listening to speech in background noise. This is significant because it is likely that listeners with hearing impairment will frequently encounter noisy speech in their everyday communications.
PMID: 26809324 [PubMed - in process]
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Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
| Related Articles |
Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):6-12
Authors: Tarshish Y, Huang L, Jackson FI, Edwards J, Fligor B, Wilkins A, Uluer A, Sawicki G, Kenna M
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due, at least in part, to the ototoxic side effects of routine CF therapies. However, the prevalence of SNHL and additional factors contributing to the development of SNHL are unknown.
PURPOSE: To identify risk factors associated with the development of SNHL in a large cohort of CF patients who had been referred for audiometric testing.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A retrospective study of audiometric results and medication information in a cohort of patients with CF.
STUDY SAMPLE: Records of 178 CF patients seen at Boston Children's Hospital for audiometric testing from 2007 to 2010 were reviewed. Mean age of patients was 18 yr (standard deviation = 10 yr), and 98 (55%) of the patients were female.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Audiometric results, medications, and hospitalizations were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between SNHL and the number of hospitalizations and chronic antibiotic use in the year prior to the patients' audiometry.
RESULTS: In this sample, 37/178 (21%) patients had SNHL. Twenty-nine (78%) of the 37 patients had bilateral SNHL and 8 (22%) had unilateral SNHL. Across all age groups, the majority of patients had a bilateral hearing loss (HL). A multivariable model showed that older age and more frequent hospitalizations were associated with SNHL. The number of courses of chronic antibiotics in the year prior to audiometric testing was not correlated with rate of HL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that age and frequency of hospitalizations are key predictors of HL development. Increased awareness and regular screening for SNHL should be included in the routine care of CF patients, particularly those at the highest risk.
PMID: 26809322 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effect of Lexical Content on Dichotic Speech Recognition in Older Adults.
| Related Articles |
The Effect of Lexical Content on Dichotic Speech Recognition in Older Adults.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):13-28
Authors: Findlen UM, Roup CM
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Age-related auditory processing deficits have been shown to negatively affect speech recognition for older adult listeners. In contrast, older adults gain benefit from their ability to make use of semantic and lexical content of the speech signal (i.e., top-down processing), particularly in complex listening situations. Assessment of auditory processing abilities among aging adults should take into consideration semantic and lexical content of the speech signal.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of lexical and attentional factors on dichotic speech recognition performance characteristics for older adult listeners.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A repeated measures design was used to examine differences in dichotic word recognition as a function of lexical and attentional factors.
STUDY SAMPLE: Thirty-five older adults (61-85 yr) with sensorineural hearing loss participated in this study.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Dichotic speech recognition was evaluated using consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) word and nonsense CVC syllable stimuli administered in the free recall, directed recall right, and directed recall left response conditions.
RESULTS: Dichotic speech recognition performance for nonsense CVC syllables was significantly poorer than performance for CVC words. Dichotic recognition performance varied across response condition for both stimulus types, which is consistent with previous studies on dichotic speech recognition. Inspection of individual results revealed that five listeners demonstrated an auditory-based left ear deficit for one or both stimulus types.
CONCLUSIONS: Lexical content of stimulus materials affects performance characteristics for dichotic speech recognition tasks in the older adult population. The use of nonsense CVC syllable material may provide a way to assess dichotic speech recognition performance while potentially lessening the effects of lexical content on performance (i.e., measuring bottom-up auditory function both with and without top-down processing).
PMID: 26809323 [PubMed - in process]
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Academic Training in Vestibular and Balance Function Testing Does Not Ensure Audiologists Will Be the Preferred Providers.
| Related Articles |
Academic Training in Vestibular and Balance Function Testing Does Not Ensure Audiologists Will Be the Preferred Providers.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):4-5
Authors: Jacobson GP
PMID: 26809321 [PubMed - in process]
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Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
| Related Articles |
Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):6-12
Authors: Tarshish Y, Huang L, Jackson FI, Edwards J, Fligor B, Wilkins A, Uluer A, Sawicki G, Kenna M
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due, at least in part, to the ototoxic side effects of routine CF therapies. However, the prevalence of SNHL and additional factors contributing to the development of SNHL are unknown.
PURPOSE: To identify risk factors associated with the development of SNHL in a large cohort of CF patients who had been referred for audiometric testing.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A retrospective study of audiometric results and medication information in a cohort of patients with CF.
STUDY SAMPLE: Records of 178 CF patients seen at Boston Children's Hospital for audiometric testing from 2007 to 2010 were reviewed. Mean age of patients was 18 yr (standard deviation = 10 yr), and 98 (55%) of the patients were female.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Audiometric results, medications, and hospitalizations were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between SNHL and the number of hospitalizations and chronic antibiotic use in the year prior to the patients' audiometry.
RESULTS: In this sample, 37/178 (21%) patients had SNHL. Twenty-nine (78%) of the 37 patients had bilateral SNHL and 8 (22%) had unilateral SNHL. Across all age groups, the majority of patients had a bilateral hearing loss (HL). A multivariable model showed that older age and more frequent hospitalizations were associated with SNHL. The number of courses of chronic antibiotics in the year prior to audiometric testing was not correlated with rate of HL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that age and frequency of hospitalizations are key predictors of HL development. Increased awareness and regular screening for SNHL should be included in the routine care of CF patients, particularly those at the highest risk.
PMID: 26809322 [PubMed - in process]
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Academic Training in Vestibular and Balance Function Testing Does Not Ensure Audiologists Will Be the Preferred Providers.
| Related Articles |
Academic Training in Vestibular and Balance Function Testing Does Not Ensure Audiologists Will Be the Preferred Providers.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):4-5
Authors: Jacobson GP
PMID: 26809321 [PubMed - in process]
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Oculomotor Deficits after Chemotherapy in Childhood
by Einar-Jón Einarsson, Mitesh Patel, Hannes Petersen, Thomas Wiebe, Måns Magnusson, Christian Moëll, Per-Anders Fransson
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric malignancies have substantially increased the number of childhood cancer survivors. However, reports suggest that some of the chemotherapy agents used for treatment can cross the blood brain barrier which may lead to a host of neurological symptoms including oculomotor dysfunction. Whether chemotherapy at young age causes oculomotor dysfunction later in life is unknown. Oculomotor performance was assessed with traditional and novel methods in 23 adults (mean age 25.3 years, treatment age 10.2 years) treated with chemotherapy for a solid malignant tumor not affecting the central nervous system. Their results were compared to those from 25 healthy, age-matched controls (mean age 25.1 years). Correlation analysis was performed between the subjective symptoms reported by the chemotherapy treated subjects (CTS) and oculomotor performance. In CTS, the temporal control of the smooth pursuit velocity (velocity accuracy) was markedly poorer (pfrom #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Sbv2SJ
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A novel recessive truncating mutation in MYO15A causing prelingual sensorineural hearing loss.
A novel recessive truncating mutation in MYO15A causing prelingual sensorineural hearing loss.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Feb;81:92-5
Authors: Li W, Guo L, Li Y, Wu Q, Li Q, Li H, Dai C
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common human defects which affects millions of people globally. The identification of deafness-related genes or loci may facilitate basic and clinical translational research on this disorder. Here, we investigated a Chinese family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment. Using targeted massively parallel sequencing, we identified a novel homozygous mutation, c.3525_3526insA and p.Q1175fsX1188 (NM_016239), in exon 2 of MYO15A. Sanger sequencing confirmed that affected siblings were homozygous for the mutation, whereas both normal hearing parents were heterozygous. The mutation was absent in 96 healthy controls and public databases. The insertion leads to a frameshift and a truncated form of the protein, resulting in the pathogenic effect of hearing loss for the patients. Mutations in exon 2 of MYO15A may cause a less severe phenotype, facilitating the rapid identification of mutations in exon 2 among the 66 exons when linkage of less severe hearing loss to Deafness, Autosomal Recessive 3 (DFNB3) is detected. Our data provide additional molecular information for establishing a better genotype-phenotype understanding of DFNB3.
PMID: 26810297 [PubMed - in process]
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ABR thresholds in infants born with CLP and OME and infants with OME.
ABR thresholds in infants born with CLP and OME and infants with OME.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Feb;81:21-5
Authors: Sundman H, Flynn T, Tengroth B, Lohmander A
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds related to otitis media with effusion (OME) in infants with and without cleft palate and/or lip (CP±L).
METHODS: Forty-seven infants with CP±L and 67 infants with OME participated in the study. Hearing thresholds of ears of infants with OME were compared between groups and within the group with CP±L.
RESULTS: Infants with CP±L and OME presented with similar hearing thresholds as infants with OME and not CP±L. Within the cleft group, infants with isolated cleft palate and OME demonstrated significantly higher hearing thresholds than infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate and OME.
CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of infants with CP±L present with OME early in life. Hearing thresholds of these infants are similar to infants without CP±L, but with OME. The ear status and hearing thresholds of infants with CP±L needs to be monitored to be able to provide the best access to hearing in order to fully allow speech and language development.
PMID: 26810283 [PubMed - in process]
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ABR thresholds in infants born with CLP and OME and infants with OME.
ABR thresholds in infants born with CLP and OME and infants with OME.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Feb;81:21-5
Authors: Sundman H, Flynn T, Tengroth B, Lohmander A
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds related to otitis media with effusion (OME) in infants with and without cleft palate and/or lip (CP±L).
METHODS: Forty-seven infants with CP±L and 67 infants with OME participated in the study. Hearing thresholds of ears of infants with OME were compared between groups and within the group with CP±L.
RESULTS: Infants with CP±L and OME presented with similar hearing thresholds as infants with OME and not CP±L. Within the cleft group, infants with isolated cleft palate and OME demonstrated significantly higher hearing thresholds than infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate and OME.
CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of infants with CP±L present with OME early in life. Hearing thresholds of these infants are similar to infants without CP±L, but with OME. The ear status and hearing thresholds of infants with CP±L needs to be monitored to be able to provide the best access to hearing in order to fully allow speech and language development.
PMID: 26810283 [PubMed - in process]
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