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Τρίτη 17 Οκτωβρίου 2017
Behavioural and objective vestibular assessment in persons with osteoporosis and osteopenia: a preliminary investigation.
| Related Articles |
Behavioural and objective vestibular assessment in persons with osteoporosis and osteopenia: a preliminary investigation.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Sep 21;:
Authors: Gargeshwari A, Jha RH, Singh NK, Kumar P
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Calcium is vital for the functioning of the inner ear hair cells as well as for the neurotransmitter release that triggers the generation of a nerve impulse. A reduction in calcium level could therefore impair the peripheric vestibular functioning. However, the outcome of balance assessment has rarely been explored in cases with osteopenia and osteoporosis, the medical conditions associated with reduction in calcium levels.
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of osteopenia and osteoporosis on the outcomes of behavioural and objective vestibular assessment tests.
METHODS: The study included 12 individuals each in the healthy control group and osteopenia group, and 11 individuals were included in the osteoporosis group. The groups were divided based on the findings of bone mineral density. All the participants underwent behavioural tests (Fukuda stepping, tandem gait and subjective visual vertical) and objective assessment using cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials.
RESULTS: A significantly higher proportion of the individuals in the two clinical groups' demonstrated abnormal results on the behavioural balance assessment tests (p<0.05) than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in latencies or amplitude of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and oVEMP between the groups. The proportion of individuals with absence of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than the other two groups (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study confirm the presence of balance-related deficits in individuals with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hence the clinical evaluations should include balance assessment as a mandatory aspect of the overall audiological assessment of individuals with osteopenia and osteoporosis.
PMID: 29030130 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Behavioural and objective vestibular assessment in persons with osteoporosis and osteopenia: a preliminary investigation.
| Related Articles |
Behavioural and objective vestibular assessment in persons with osteoporosis and osteopenia: a preliminary investigation.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Sep 21;:
Authors: Gargeshwari A, Jha RH, Singh NK, Kumar P
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Calcium is vital for the functioning of the inner ear hair cells as well as for the neurotransmitter release that triggers the generation of a nerve impulse. A reduction in calcium level could therefore impair the peripheric vestibular functioning. However, the outcome of balance assessment has rarely been explored in cases with osteopenia and osteoporosis, the medical conditions associated with reduction in calcium levels.
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of osteopenia and osteoporosis on the outcomes of behavioural and objective vestibular assessment tests.
METHODS: The study included 12 individuals each in the healthy control group and osteopenia group, and 11 individuals were included in the osteoporosis group. The groups were divided based on the findings of bone mineral density. All the participants underwent behavioural tests (Fukuda stepping, tandem gait and subjective visual vertical) and objective assessment using cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials.
RESULTS: A significantly higher proportion of the individuals in the two clinical groups' demonstrated abnormal results on the behavioural balance assessment tests (p<0.05) than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in latencies or amplitude of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and oVEMP between the groups. The proportion of individuals with absence of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than the other two groups (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study confirm the presence of balance-related deficits in individuals with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hence the clinical evaluations should include balance assessment as a mandatory aspect of the overall audiological assessment of individuals with osteopenia and osteoporosis.
PMID: 29030130 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Oct 16;:1-6
Authors: Wang X, Wu D, Zhao Y, Li D, He D
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude among mothers of newborns regarding infant hearing loss (HL) in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
DESIGN: A questionnaire including 18 items was given to mothers.
STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 115 mothers participated in the study.
RESULTS: Seven risk factors for hearing loss were identified correctly by above 60% of respondents and the top three were prolonged noise (88.7%), high fever (82.6%) and ear discharge (82.6%). Poor knowledge was demonstrated on risk factors jaundice (20.0%), measles (22.6%), convulsion (33.0%) and traditional Chinese medicine (39.1%). Maternal knowledge scores in identification and intervention (2.68 ± 0.31) was slightly higher than the score in risk factors (2.47 ± 0.34). Ninety-nine per cent of the mothers expressed the willingness to test baby's hearing soon after birth and concern about hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: Mothers were concerned about baby's hearing and the attitude was positive. However, the correct recognition rate towards some risk factors for HL was low. Action needs to be taken to raise awareness about ear and hearing care, prevent HL caused by preventable causes and prompt early identification, early diagnosis and intervention of HL.
PMID: 29034761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Oct 16;:1-6
Authors: Wang X, Wu D, Zhao Y, Li D, He D
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude among mothers of newborns regarding infant hearing loss (HL) in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
DESIGN: A questionnaire including 18 items was given to mothers.
STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 115 mothers participated in the study.
RESULTS: Seven risk factors for hearing loss were identified correctly by above 60% of respondents and the top three were prolonged noise (88.7%), high fever (82.6%) and ear discharge (82.6%). Poor knowledge was demonstrated on risk factors jaundice (20.0%), measles (22.6%), convulsion (33.0%) and traditional Chinese medicine (39.1%). Maternal knowledge scores in identification and intervention (2.68 ± 0.31) was slightly higher than the score in risk factors (2.47 ± 0.34). Ninety-nine per cent of the mothers expressed the willingness to test baby's hearing soon after birth and concern about hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: Mothers were concerned about baby's hearing and the attitude was positive. However, the correct recognition rate towards some risk factors for HL was low. Action needs to be taken to raise awareness about ear and hearing care, prevent HL caused by preventable causes and prompt early identification, early diagnosis and intervention of HL.
PMID: 29034761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Emotional and behaviour difficulties in teenagers with permanent childhood hearing loss.
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Emotional and behaviour difficulties in teenagers with permanent childhood hearing loss.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Oct;101:186-195
Authors: Stevenson J, Pimperton H, Kreppner J, Worsfold S, Terlektsi E, Kennedy C
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: It is known that during the middle childhood years those with permanent childhood hearing loss (PCHL) are at increased risk of showing emotional and behaviour difficulties (EBD). It has yet to be established whether this risk continues into the late teenage years. There is a paucity of longitudinal studies on the association between PCHL and EBD.
METHODS: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to measure EBD based on parent, teacher and self-ratings in 76 teenagers with PCHL and 38 in a hearing comparison group (HCG) from a population sample of children that was followed up from birth to adolescence.
RESULTS: On parent-rated SDQ, the PCHL group had significantly higher Total Difficulties score than the HCG (Standardised mean difference (SMD) = +0.39, 95%CI 0.00 to 0.79). Amongst the PCHL group the presence of disabilities other than hearing loss had a substantial impact on the level of parent-rated EBD (SMD = +1.68, 1.04 to 2.33). There was a relationship between receptive language ability and EBD in both the HCG (r = -0.33, 95%CI -0.59 to -0.01) and the PCHI group (r = -0.33, 95%CI -0.53 to -0.02). The effect of PCHL on EBD became non-significant when receptive language was included as a covariate (F = 0.12, df = 1,95, p = 0.729). Early confirmation of hearing loss (i.e. before 9 months of age) did not have a significant effect on EBD scores (SMD = +0.31, 95%CI -0.15 to 0.77).
CONCLUSIONS: PCHL continues to be associated with elevated EBD scores as measured by parent rated SDQ into the late teenage years but the degree of this elevation is less than in childhood and is not apparent on teacher or self-ratings. Poor receptive language ability appeared to account for these elevated EBD scores in the group with PCHL. Particular attention needs to be paid to the mental health of children and adolescents with PCHL that is accompanied by other disabilities and to those with poor receptive language ability. However, the majority of teenagers with PCHL do not show clinically significant elevated levels of EBD.
PMID: 28964293 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Clinical intrafamilial variability in lethal familial neonatal seizure disorder caused by TBC1D24 mutations.
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Clinical intrafamilial variability in lethal familial neonatal seizure disorder caused by TBC1D24 mutations.
Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Dec;170(12):3207-3214
Authors: Lozano R, Herman K, Rothfuss M, Rieger H, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Aprile D, Fruscione F, Zara F, Fassio A
Abstract
TBC1D24-related disorders include a wide phenotypic ranging from mild to lethal seizure disorders, non-syndromic deafness, and composite syndromes such as DOORS (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures). The TBC1D24 gene has a role in cerebral cortex development and in presynaptic neurotransmission. Here, we present a familial case of a lethal early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, associated with two novel compound heterozygous missense variants on the TBC1D24 gene, which were detected by exome sequencing. The detailed clinical data of the three siblings is summarized in order to support the variability of the phenotype, severity, and progression of this disorder among these family members. Functional studies demonstrated that the identified novel missense mutations result in a loss of expression of the protein, suggesting a correlation between residual expression, and the disease severity. This indicates that protein expression analysis is important for interpreting genetic results when novel variants are found, as well as for complementing clinical assessment by predicting the functional impact. Further analysis is necessary to delineate the clinical presentation of individuals with TBC1D24 pathogenic variants, as well as to develop markers for diagnosis, prognosis, and potential targeted treatments. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 27541164 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Attitudes toward carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for recessive hereditary deafness among the educated population in urban China.
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Attitudes toward carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for recessive hereditary deafness among the educated population in urban China.
Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Dec;170(12):3180-3184
Authors: Fu X, Cai Y, Hu Y, Liu J, Yang T
Abstract
Approximately 80% of hereditary deafness is recessive, in which case most mutation carriers were unaware of their carrier status. Though parental attitudes toward genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis are overall positive in those with deaf children, there is little information about that in the general population. To this end, we designed a self-completed questionnaire and distributed it in two colleges in Shanghai, China. A total of 975 completed surveys were returned in print or online forms. Our results showed that 98.7% of the respondents without family history of early onset deafness did not know or underestimated their likelihood to carry a recessive mutation in common deafness genes. After brief written information was given using GJB2, the most common recessive deafness gene as the example, 67.7% of the respondents expressed interest in knowing if they are carriers of GJB2 mutations through genetic testing. In hypothetical circumstance of carrying a recessive GJB2 mutation, 86.9% would suggest their partners to also take the test. In case that both were carriers, 88.7% would consider prenatal diagnosis and 80.7% would consider terminating an affected pregnancy. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that despite the poor awareness to the risk of recessive hereditary deafness, the majority of the educated population in urban China likely hold a positive view toward carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis of recessive deafness genes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 27511314 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Oct 16;:1-6
Authors: Wang X, Wu D, Zhao Y, Li D, He D
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude among mothers of newborns regarding infant hearing loss (HL) in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
DESIGN: A questionnaire including 18 items was given to mothers.
STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 115 mothers participated in the study.
RESULTS: Seven risk factors for hearing loss were identified correctly by above 60% of respondents and the top three were prolonged noise (88.7%), high fever (82.6%) and ear discharge (82.6%). Poor knowledge was demonstrated on risk factors jaundice (20.0%), measles (22.6%), convulsion (33.0%) and traditional Chinese medicine (39.1%). Maternal knowledge scores in identification and intervention (2.68 ± 0.31) was slightly higher than the score in risk factors (2.47 ± 0.34). Ninety-nine per cent of the mothers expressed the willingness to test baby's hearing soon after birth and concern about hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: Mothers were concerned about baby's hearing and the attitude was positive. However, the correct recognition rate towards some risk factors for HL was low. Action needs to be taken to raise awareness about ear and hearing care, prevent HL caused by preventable causes and prompt early identification, early diagnosis and intervention of HL.
PMID: 29034761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding infant hearing loss in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
Int J Audiol. 2017 Oct 16;:1-6
Authors: Wang X, Wu D, Zhao Y, Li D, He D
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude among mothers of newborns regarding infant hearing loss (HL) in Changsha, Hunan province, China.
DESIGN: A questionnaire including 18 items was given to mothers.
STUDY SAMPLE: A total of 115 mothers participated in the study.
RESULTS: Seven risk factors for hearing loss were identified correctly by above 60% of respondents and the top three were prolonged noise (88.7%), high fever (82.6%) and ear discharge (82.6%). Poor knowledge was demonstrated on risk factors jaundice (20.0%), measles (22.6%), convulsion (33.0%) and traditional Chinese medicine (39.1%). Maternal knowledge scores in identification and intervention (2.68 ± 0.31) was slightly higher than the score in risk factors (2.47 ± 0.34). Ninety-nine per cent of the mothers expressed the willingness to test baby's hearing soon after birth and concern about hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: Mothers were concerned about baby's hearing and the attitude was positive. However, the correct recognition rate towards some risk factors for HL was low. Action needs to be taken to raise awareness about ear and hearing care, prevent HL caused by preventable causes and prompt early identification, early diagnosis and intervention of HL.
PMID: 29034761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Rescue of Outer Hair Cells with Antisense Oligonucleotides in Usher Mice Is Dependent on Age of Treatment
Abstract
The absence of functional outer hair cells is a component of several forms of hereditary hearing impairment, including Usher syndrome, the most common cause of concurrent hearing and vision loss. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment of mice with the human Usher mutation, Ush1c c.216G>A, corrects gene expression and significantly improves hearing, as measured by auditory-evoked brainstem responses (ABRs), as well as inner and outer hair cell (IHC and OHC) bundle morphology. However, it is not clear whether the improvement in hearing achieved by ASO treatment involves the functional rescue of outer hair cells. Here, we show that Ush1c c.216AA mice lack OHC function as evidenced by the absence of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in response to low-, mid-, and high-frequency tone pairs. This OHC deficit is rescued by treatment with an ASO that corrects expression of Ush1c c.216G>A. Interestingly, although rescue of inner hairs cells, as measured by ABR, is achieved by ASO treatment as late as 7 days after birth, rescue of outer hair cells, measured by DPOAE, requires treatment before post-natal day 5. These results suggest that ASO-mediated rescue of both IHC and OHC function is age dependent and that the treatment window is different for the different cell types. The timing of treatment for congenital hearing disorders is of critical importance for the development of drugs such ASO-29 for hearing rescue.
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Attentional Modulation of Envelope-Following Responses at Lower (93–109 Hz) but Not Higher (217–233 Hz) Modulation Rates
Abstract
Directing attention to sounds of different frequencies allows listeners to perceive a sound of interest, like a talker, in a mixture. Whether cortically generated frequency-specific attention affects responses as low as the auditory brainstem is currently unclear. Participants attended to either a high- or low-frequency tone stream, which was presented simultaneously and tagged with different amplitude modulation (AM) rates. In a replication design, we showed that envelope-following responses (EFRs) were modulated by attention only when the stimulus AM rate was slow enough for the auditory cortex to track—and not for stimuli with faster AM rates, which are thought to reflect ‘purer’ brainstem sources. Thus, we found no evidence of frequency-specific attentional modulation that can be confidently attributed to brainstem generators. The results demonstrate that different neural populations contribute to EFRs at higher and lower rates, compatible with cortical contributions at lower rates. The results further demonstrate that stimulus AM rate can alter conclusions of EFR studies.
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