Interactive Book Reading to Accelerate Word Learning by Kindergarten Children With Specific Language Impairment: Identifying an Adequate Intensity and Variation in Treatment Response

Purpose

This study sought to identify an adequate intensity of interactive book reading for new word learning by children with specific language impairment (SLI) and to examine variability in treatment response.

Method

An escalation design adapted from nontoxic drug trials (Hunsberger, Rubinstein, Dancey, & Korn, 2005) was used in this Phase I/II preliminary clinical trial. A total of 27 kindergarten children with SLI were randomized to 1 of 4 intensities of interactive book reading: 12, 24, 36, or 48 exposures. Word learning was monitored through a definition task and a naming task. An intensity response curve was examined to identify the adequate intensity. Correlations and classification accuracy were used to examine variation in response to treatment relative to pretreatment and early treatment measures.

Results

Response to treatment improved as intensity increased from 12 to 24 to 36 exposures, and then no further improvements were observed as intensity increased to 48 exposures. There was variability in treatment response: Children with poor phonological awareness, low vocabulary, and/or poor nonword repetition were less likely to respond to treatment.

Conclusion

The adequate intensity for this version of interactive book reading was 36 exposures, but further development of the treatment is needed to increase the benefit for children with SLI.

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Interactive Book Reading to Accelerate Word Learning by Kindergarten Children With Specific Language Impairment: Identifying an Adequate Intensity and Variation in Treatment Response

Purpose

This study sought to identify an adequate intensity of interactive book reading for new word learning by children with specific language impairment (SLI) and to examine variability in treatment response.

Method

An escalation design adapted from nontoxic drug trials (Hunsberger, Rubinstein, Dancey, & Korn, 2005) was used in this Phase I/II preliminary clinical trial. A total of 27 kindergarten children with SLI were randomized to 1 of 4 intensities of interactive book reading: 12, 24, 36, or 48 exposures. Word learning was monitored through a definition task and a naming task. An intensity response curve was examined to identify the adequate intensity. Correlations and classification accuracy were used to examine variation in response to treatment relative to pretreatment and early treatment measures.

Results

Response to treatment improved as intensity increased from 12 to 24 to 36 exposures, and then no further improvements were observed as intensity increased to 48 exposures. There was variability in treatment response: Children with poor phonological awareness, low vocabulary, and/or poor nonword repetition were less likely to respond to treatment.

Conclusion

The adequate intensity for this version of interactive book reading was 36 exposures, but further development of the treatment is needed to increase the benefit for children with SLI.

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Interactive Book Reading to Accelerate Word Learning by Kindergarten Children With Specific Language Impairment: Identifying an Adequate Intensity and Variation in Treatment Response

Purpose

This study sought to identify an adequate intensity of interactive book reading for new word learning by children with specific language impairment (SLI) and to examine variability in treatment response.

Method

An escalation design adapted from nontoxic drug trials (Hunsberger, Rubinstein, Dancey, & Korn, 2005) was used in this Phase I/II preliminary clinical trial. A total of 27 kindergarten children with SLI were randomized to 1 of 4 intensities of interactive book reading: 12, 24, 36, or 48 exposures. Word learning was monitored through a definition task and a naming task. An intensity response curve was examined to identify the adequate intensity. Correlations and classification accuracy were used to examine variation in response to treatment relative to pretreatment and early treatment measures.

Results

Response to treatment improved as intensity increased from 12 to 24 to 36 exposures, and then no further improvements were observed as intensity increased to 48 exposures. There was variability in treatment response: Children with poor phonological awareness, low vocabulary, and/or poor nonword repetition were less likely to respond to treatment.

Conclusion

The adequate intensity for this version of interactive book reading was 36 exposures, but further development of the treatment is needed to increase the benefit for children with SLI.

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The Acceptable Noise Level and the Pure-Tone Audiogram

Purpose

The vast majority of previous studies suggest that there is no relationship between the acceptable noise level (ANL) and pure-tone hearing thresholds reported as the average pure-tone hearing thresholds (pure-tone average). This study aims to explore (a) the relationship between hearing thresholds at individual frequencies and the ANL and (b) a measure of the slope of the audiogram and ANL.

Method

Sixty-three Danish adult hearing aid users participated. Assessments were pure-tone audiogram and 3 different versions of the ANL test made monaurally at 2 different sessions.

Results

The findings show that low-frequency hearing thresholds and the slope of the audiogram are significantly related to all versions of the ANL.

Conclusion

It is possible that previous studies have failed to discover a relationship between ANL and hearing thresholds due to the use of the broad 4-frequency pure-tone average. This has implications for our understanding of the ANL test.

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The Acceptable Noise Level and the Pure-Tone Audiogram

Purpose

The vast majority of previous studies suggest that there is no relationship between the acceptable noise level (ANL) and pure-tone hearing thresholds reported as the average pure-tone hearing thresholds (pure-tone average). This study aims to explore (a) the relationship between hearing thresholds at individual frequencies and the ANL and (b) a measure of the slope of the audiogram and ANL.

Method

Sixty-three Danish adult hearing aid users participated. Assessments were pure-tone audiogram and 3 different versions of the ANL test made monaurally at 2 different sessions.

Results

The findings show that low-frequency hearing thresholds and the slope of the audiogram are significantly related to all versions of the ANL.

Conclusion

It is possible that previous studies have failed to discover a relationship between ANL and hearing thresholds due to the use of the broad 4-frequency pure-tone average. This has implications for our understanding of the ANL test.

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The Acceptable Noise Level and the Pure-Tone Audiogram

Purpose

The vast majority of previous studies suggest that there is no relationship between the acceptable noise level (ANL) and pure-tone hearing thresholds reported as the average pure-tone hearing thresholds (pure-tone average). This study aims to explore (a) the relationship between hearing thresholds at individual frequencies and the ANL and (b) a measure of the slope of the audiogram and ANL.

Method

Sixty-three Danish adult hearing aid users participated. Assessments were pure-tone audiogram and 3 different versions of the ANL test made monaurally at 2 different sessions.

Results

The findings show that low-frequency hearing thresholds and the slope of the audiogram are significantly related to all versions of the ANL.

Conclusion

It is possible that previous studies have failed to discover a relationship between ANL and hearing thresholds due to the use of the broad 4-frequency pure-tone average. This has implications for our understanding of the ANL test.

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Recurrent missense mutation of GDF5 (p.R438L) causes proximal symphalangism in a British family.

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Recurrent missense mutation of GDF5 (p.R438L) causes proximal symphalangism in a British family.

World J Orthop. 2016 Dec 18;7(12):839-842

Authors: Leonidou A, Irving M, Holden S, Katchburian M

Abstract
Proximal symphalangism (SYM1B) (OMIM 615298) is an autosomal dominant developmental disorder affecting joint fusion. It is characterized by variable fusions of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands, typically of the ring and little finger, with the thumb typically being spared. SYM1 is frequently associated with coalition of tarsal bones and conductive hearing loss. Molecular studies have identified two possible genetic aetiologies for this syndrome, NOG and GDF5. We herein present a British caucasian family with SYM1B caused by a mutation of the GDF5 gene. A mother and her three children presented to the orthopaedic outpatient department predominantly for feet related problems. All patients had multiple tarsal coalitions and hand involvement in the form of either brachydactyly or symphalangism of the proximal and middle phalanx of the little fingers. Genetic testing in the eldest child and his mother identified a heterozygous missense mutation in GDF5 c.1313G>T (p.R438L), thereby establishing SYM1B as the cause of the orthopaedic problems in this family. There were no mutations identified in the NOG gene. This report highlights the importance of thorough history taking, including a three generation family history, and detailed clinical examination of children with fixed planovalgus feet and other family members to detect rare skeletal dysplasia conditions causing pain and deformity, and provides details of the spectrum of problems associated with SYM1B.

PMID: 28032038 [PubMed]

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Vici syndrome in siblings born to consanguineous parents.

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Vici syndrome in siblings born to consanguineous parents.

Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Jan;170A(1):220-5

Authors: Tasdemir S, Sahin I, Cayır A, Yuce I, Ceylaner S, Tatar A

Abstract
Vici syndrome (OMIM 242840) is a rare syndrome and since its initial description by Vici et al. [1988], only 29 cases have been reported. We describe two brothers from healthy consanguineous Turkish parents with psychomotor delay, congenital bilateral cataracts, high palate, long philtrum, micrognathia, fair hair, and skin. They both had general hypotonia and elevated muscle enzymes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain confirmed agenesis of corpus callosum in both patients. Secundum type atrial septal defect (in Patient 1) and mild mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary insufficiency (in Patient 2) were detected by echocardiographic examination. Immunological studies were normal, as were chromosome karyotype analyses (46, XY). Both children had bilateral cutaneous syndactyly between second and third toes and also bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Patient 1 had poor feeding and regurgitation necessitating a feeding tube; mild laryngomalacia was subsequently detected by bronchoscopy. Mutation analysis in patient 2 showed a homozygous p.R2483* (c.7447C > T) mutation in EPG5 gene. We report a summary of the clinical findings in our patients and 29 cases from the literature.

PMID: 26395118 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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A Comparative Study of the VHI-10 and the V-RQOL for Quality of Life Among Chinese Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders

Publication date: Available online 29 December 2016
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Dan Lu, Bei Wen, Hui Yang, Fei Chen, Jun Liu, Yanan Xu, Yitao Zheng, Yu Zhao, Jian Zou, Haiyang Wang
ObjectivesTo investigate the differences and correlation between the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) and the Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) in teachers in China with and without voice disorders.Study DesignThis is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study.MethodsThe participants were 864 teachers (569 women, 295 men) whose vocal cords were examined using a flexible nasofibrolaryngoscope. Questionnaire results were obtained for both the VHI-10 and the V-RQOL.ResultsOf the 864 participants, 409 teachers had no voice disorders and 455 teachers had voice disorders. The most common voice complaint was hoarseness (n = 298) and the most common throat complaint was globus pharyngis (n = 79) in teachers with voice disorders. Chronic laryngitis (n = 218) and polyps and nodules (n = 182) were the most frequent diagnoses in teachers with voice disorders. Significant differences were seen on the VHI-10 between teachers with and those without voice disorders (P < 0.05) and in function between female and male teachers with voice disorders (P < 0.05) and between those with different voice disorders (P < 0.05). Moderate to strong correlations were observed between VHI-10 total score and those for the three domains of the VHI-10 and the V-RQOL (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of voice disorders in teachers. Teachers with voice disorders have poor voice-related quality of life, with more impairment seen among female than male teachers. Different groups of voice disorders have different effects on voice-related quality of life. A moderate correlation was found between the results of the VHI-10 and the V-RQOL.



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AHNS Series--Do you know your guidelines? Guideline recommended follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors.

Related Articles

AHNS Series--Do you know your guidelines? Guideline recommended follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors.

Head Neck. 2016 Feb;38(2):168-74

Authors: Roman BR, Goldenberg D, Givi B, Education Committee of American Head and Neck Society (AHNS)

Abstract
In this first article of the "Do You Know Your Guidelines" series, we review National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommendations and underlying evidence for the follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors. The goals of follow-up and surveillance care are (1) to maximize long-term oncologic outcomes of therapy with appropriate evaluation for recurrence, (2) to maximize functional and quality of life outcomes, and (3) minimizing unnecessary and harmful low-value care. Finding the right balance of testing and surveillance is a challenge for providers and patients. Herein, we review all NCCN recommendations for head and neck cancer survivors. We pay particular attention to an area of controversy: the use of ongoing surveillance imaging, in particular, PET/CT scans.

PMID: 25916656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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AHNS Series--Do you know your guidelines? Guideline recommended follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors.

Related Articles

AHNS Series--Do you know your guidelines? Guideline recommended follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors.

Head Neck. 2016 Feb;38(2):168-74

Authors: Roman BR, Goldenberg D, Givi B, Education Committee of American Head and Neck Society (AHNS)

Abstract
In this first article of the "Do You Know Your Guidelines" series, we review National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommendations and underlying evidence for the follow-up and surveillance of head and neck cancer survivors. The goals of follow-up and surveillance care are (1) to maximize long-term oncologic outcomes of therapy with appropriate evaluation for recurrence, (2) to maximize functional and quality of life outcomes, and (3) minimizing unnecessary and harmful low-value care. Finding the right balance of testing and surveillance is a challenge for providers and patients. Herein, we review all NCCN recommendations for head and neck cancer survivors. We pay particular attention to an area of controversy: the use of ongoing surveillance imaging, in particular, PET/CT scans.

PMID: 25916656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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