Endoscopic endonasal management of skull base defects in pediatric patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Endoscopic endonasal management of skull base defects in pediatric patients Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 1;150:110902. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110902. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Skull base defects in children may be the result of congenital anomalies or trauma. They often present as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, meningitis, brain abscess or nasal obstruction. Surgical intervention is predominantly the treatment of choice. Our goal is to assess the efficacy of endoscopic endonasal approach in treating skull base defects in pediatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study we identified 38 patients (mean age 8.7 ± 5.6 years old, ranging 2 months-18 years) who underwent endoscopic endonasal repair of skull base defects, between March 2010 and February 2020. Patients who had skull base reconstruction after tumor resection, those who were lost to follow-up or did not sign the consent forms were excluded from the study. RESULTS: The clinical indications for endoscopic endonasal repair were trauma (n = 24, 63.1%) and congenital defects (n = 14, 36.9%). Congenital skull base defects included basal meningoencephalocele (n = 5, 35.7%) and frontoethmoidal defects (n = 9, 64.3%). Mean follow up time was 32 ± 29.04 months, ranging 2-103 months. Fat graft (alone or in combination) was the most commonly used material to repair the skull base defects. Thirty-seven patients (97%) showed successful results after endoscopic endonasal surgery and were symptom free. CONCLUSION: The endoscopic endonasal repair of CSF leak and skull base defects proved to be safe and feasible with 97% success rate. PMID:34488041 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110902 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block for the Treatment of Neurogenic Cough: a Retrospective Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block for the Treatment of Neurogenic Cough: a Retrospective Review Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Chronic cough may be multifactorial. A subset of patients may have a neurogenic cough, secondary to irritation of the superior laryngeal nerve. Superior laryngeal nerve blocks may be an efficacious treatment for neurogenic cough. Neuromodulating medications may be used in the treatment of chronic cough, but may have side effects. There are no reported serious adverse effects from superior laryngeal nerve blocks. Prospective, placebo-controlled studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of superior laryngeal nerve blocks for the treatment of chronic cough. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Application of different imaging methods for the localization of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a comparative study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Application of different imaging methods for the localization of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a comparative study Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Ann Palliat Med. 2021 Aug;10(8):8797-8807. doi: 10.21037/apm-21-1994. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: CSF rhinorrhea is a type of CSF leakage caused by an aseptic abnormal passage between the subarachnoid space and the adjacent sinus and nasal cavity due to a cranial dural defect. At present, the value of computed tomography cisternography (CTC) in locating CSF rhinorrhea has been widely recognized, and magnetic resonance hydrography (MRH), as a heavy T2-weighted water imaging, plays a pivotal role in showing the location of the leak. In this paper, we retrospectively summarize the imaging manifestations seen at our hospital of patients with clinically confirmed CSF rhinorrhea at the skull base and evaluate the diagnostic value of different imaging methods in the localization of CSF rhinorrhea by means of preoperative imaging analysis using CTC and MRH. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with CSF rhinorrhea admitted to our department from October 2016 t o January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' conventional CT, CTC, and MRH imaging data were compared, and the location of the leak determined preoperatively matched the location of the leak found during surgery. Moreover, there was no recurrence during the follow-up period of 4 months to 3 years. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between the diagnostic positivity rate of CTC and spiral CT (χ2=16.755, P<0.00), and between the diagnostic positivity rate of cranial MRH and spiral CT (χ2=6.338, 6.338=0.01), and no statistically significant difference between the diagnostic positivity rate of CTC and cranial MRH (χ2=2.625, P=0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of imaging techniques has important practical significance for the proper treatment and prognostic evaluation of CSF rhinorrhea. CTC has the highest positive rate for the diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea, followed by MRH, while spiral CT is safer. CTC and MRH can promote the diag nostic rate in determining the location of CSF rhinorrhea, and selective combined application can be an important guide to surgery. PMID:34488368 | DOI:10.21037/apm-21-1994 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prognostic Significance of a Scoring System Combining p16, Smoking, and Drinking Status in a Series of 131 Patients with Oropharyngeal Cancers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic Significance of a Scoring System Combining p16, Smoking, and Drinking Status in a Series of 131 Patients with Oropharyngeal Cancers Via International Journal of Otolaryngology Background. Tobacco and alcohol are two main risk factors associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Studies showed that human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a role in the etiology of this cancer. HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients present in general a better response to conventional therapy and better overall survival (OS). However, OSCC is a heterogeneous disease regarding treatment. This study aimed to identify more effective prognostic factors associated with a poor clinical outcome for OSCC patients to improve treatment selection. Materials and Methods. OSCC patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2017, in two Belgian hospitals, were included. Demographic and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records. HPV status was determine d through p16 immunohistochemistry. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses allowed to identify variables prognostic for OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Kaplan–Meier survival curves have been assessed for survival. Results. The study included 131 patients. Statistics showed that monotherapies were significantly associated with a shorter OS; p16 overexpression was significantly associated with a weak consumption of tobacco or alcohol, and a high p16 expression was significantly associated with both longer RFS and OS. The study validated that tobacco and alcohol consumption were significantly correlated with poorer RFS and poorer OS. Only p16 expression trended to be significant for RFS when compared to smoking and drinking habits, while p16 upregulation and alcohol use were both vital for OS indicating that p16 is an independent and significant prognostic factor in OSCC patients. Finally, a scoring system combining p16, tobacco, and alcohol status was defined and was significantly associated with longer RFS and longer OS for nonsmoker and nondrinker p16-positive OSCC patients. Conclusions. This study confirmed that the overexpression of the p16 protein could be viewed as a factor of good prognosis for RFS and OS of OSCC patients. The prognostic significance of a scoring system combining p16 expression, smoking, and drinking status was evaluated and concluded to be a more effective tool to determine therapeutic orientations based on the risk factors for better treatment relevance and survival. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Long-term aesthetics, patient-reported outcomes, and auricular sensitivity after microtia reconstruction: A systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Long-term aesthetics, patient-reported outcomes, and auricular sensitivity after microtia reconstruction: A systematic review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Aug 19:S1748-6815(21)00379-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Auricular reconstruction for microtia is most frequently performed using autologous costal cartilage (ACC) or porous polyethylene (PPE) implants. Short-term results are generally promising, but long-term results remain unclear. Long-term outcomes were explored in this systematic review, and minimal reporting criteria were suggested for future original data studies. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception through October 14, 2020. Articles on auricular reconstruction in patients with microtia using ACC or PPE were included if postsurgical follow-up was at least 1 year. Outcome reporting was split into separate publications, and results on complications were reported previously. This publi cation focused on long-term aesthetic, patient-reported, and sensitivity outcomes. RESULTS: Forty-one publications reported on these outcomes. Both materials led to aesthetically pleasing results and high rates of patient satisfaction. ACC frameworks grew similarly to contralateral ears, and the anterior surface of auricles regained sensitivity. Furthermore, postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes were generally good. Data synthesis was limited due to considerable variability between studies and poor study quality. No conclusions could be drawn on the superiority of either method due to the lack of comparative analyses. CONCLUSION: Future studies should minimally report (1) surgical efficacy measured using the tool provided in the UK Care Standards for the Management of Patients with Microtia and Atresia; (2) complications including framework extrusion or exposure, graft loss, framework resorption, wire exposure and scalp/auricular scar complication s and (3) HRQoL before and after treatment using the EAR-Q patient-reported outcome measure (PROM). PMID:34489212 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.004 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Retrospective Analyses of 18FDG-PET/CT Thyroid Incidentaloma in Adults: Incidence, Treatment, and Outcome in a Tertiary Cancer Referral Center

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Retrospective Analyses of 18FDG-PET/CT Thyroid Incidentaloma in Adults: Incidence, Treatment, and Outcome in a Tertiary Cancer Referral Center Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.