Implementación del VHI-10 en catalán y una nueva propuesta lingüística en castellano

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Anna Godoy López, Pere Godall Castell, Cecília Gassull Bustamante
El VHI-10 es un cuestionario de autopercepción de hándicap vocal. Esta herramienta ha sido utilizada en múltiples estudios epidemiológicos que quieren determinar la salud vocal de la población general. Así pues, no es de extrañar que se hayan llevado a cabo traducciones de esta herramienta a distintas lenguas, entre las cuales existen versiones en lengua castellana y en lengua catalana. En este artículo, por una parte, se narra el proceso de una nueva traducción al catalán del VHI-10 con una mejor adaptación a nuestro contexto a partir del debate con los autores de esta herramienta y su posterior aprobación. Además, se hace una nueva propuesta del VHI-10 en castellano, de la que ya existe una versión muy difundida en nuestro ámbito. Por otra parte, se analizan los datos de la implementación del VHI-10 en catalán sobre dos muestras: una de 675 docentes en activo de Cataluña y otra de 1,392 estudiantes de magisterio de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Se ha probado la fiabilidad y la estabilidad de la traducción del instrumento propuesta, que se ajusta a la finalidad del VHI original. Además, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de adaptar el VHI a la realidad concreta del colectivo de estudiantes de magisterio.The VHI-10 is a self-perception questionnaire of voice handicap. It has been used in many epidemiological studies that want to define the voice health of general population. Therefore, it is not surprising to find translations of this tool into different languages, even into Spanish and Catalan. In this paper, on the one hand, we present the process of translation of a new VHI-10 Catalan version with a better adaptation to our context thanks to the debate with the questionnaire authors and their subsequent approval. In addition, we propose a new version of the VHI-10 in Spanish, of which the adaptation already exists and is widely shared in our field. On the other hand, we analyze data related to the implementation of the VHI-10 to two samples: the first one, a sample of 675 teachers of Catalonia; the second one, a sample of the 1,392 future teachers that study at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. We have proved the reliability and the stability of the proposed questionnaire translation, which conform to the purpose of the original VHI. Furthermore, it must be highlighted the need to adapt the VHI to the concrete reality of the student teachers.



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Implementación del VHI-10 en catalán y una nueva propuesta lingüística en castellano

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Anna Godoy López, Pere Godall Castell, Cecília Gassull Bustamante
El VHI-10 es un cuestionario de autopercepción de hándicap vocal. Esta herramienta ha sido utilizada en múltiples estudios epidemiológicos que quieren determinar la salud vocal de la población general. Así pues, no es de extrañar que se hayan llevado a cabo traducciones de esta herramienta a distintas lenguas, entre las cuales existen versiones en lengua castellana y en lengua catalana. En este artículo, por una parte, se narra el proceso de una nueva traducción al catalán del VHI-10 con una mejor adaptación a nuestro contexto a partir del debate con los autores de esta herramienta y su posterior aprobación. Además, se hace una nueva propuesta del VHI-10 en castellano, de la que ya existe una versión muy difundida en nuestro ámbito. Por otra parte, se analizan los datos de la implementación del VHI-10 en catalán sobre dos muestras: una de 675 docentes en activo de Cataluña y otra de 1,392 estudiantes de magisterio de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Se ha probado la fiabilidad y la estabilidad de la traducción del instrumento propuesta, que se ajusta a la finalidad del VHI original. Además, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de adaptar el VHI a la realidad concreta del colectivo de estudiantes de magisterio.The VHI-10 is a self-perception questionnaire of voice handicap. It has been used in many epidemiological studies that want to define the voice health of general population. Therefore, it is not surprising to find translations of this tool into different languages, even into Spanish and Catalan. In this paper, on the one hand, we present the process of translation of a new VHI-10 Catalan version with a better adaptation to our context thanks to the debate with the questionnaire authors and their subsequent approval. In addition, we propose a new version of the VHI-10 in Spanish, of which the adaptation already exists and is widely shared in our field. On the other hand, we analyze data related to the implementation of the VHI-10 to two samples: the first one, a sample of 675 teachers of Catalonia; the second one, a sample of the 1,392 future teachers that study at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. We have proved the reliability and the stability of the proposed questionnaire translation, which conform to the purpose of the original VHI. Furthermore, it must be highlighted the need to adapt the VHI to the concrete reality of the student teachers.



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Implementación del VHI-10 en catalán y una nueva propuesta lingüística en castellano

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Anna Godoy López, Pere Godall Castell, Cecília Gassull Bustamante
El VHI-10 es un cuestionario de autopercepción de hándicap vocal. Esta herramienta ha sido utilizada en múltiples estudios epidemiológicos que quieren determinar la salud vocal de la población general. Así pues, no es de extrañar que se hayan llevado a cabo traducciones de esta herramienta a distintas lenguas, entre las cuales existen versiones en lengua castellana y en lengua catalana. En este artículo, por una parte, se narra el proceso de una nueva traducción al catalán del VHI-10 con una mejor adaptación a nuestro contexto a partir del debate con los autores de esta herramienta y su posterior aprobación. Además, se hace una nueva propuesta del VHI-10 en castellano, de la que ya existe una versión muy difundida en nuestro ámbito. Por otra parte, se analizan los datos de la implementación del VHI-10 en catalán sobre dos muestras: una de 675 docentes en activo de Cataluña y otra de 1,392 estudiantes de magisterio de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Se ha probado la fiabilidad y la estabilidad de la traducción del instrumento propuesta, que se ajusta a la finalidad del VHI original. Además, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de adaptar el VHI a la realidad concreta del colectivo de estudiantes de magisterio.The VHI-10 is a self-perception questionnaire of voice handicap. It has been used in many epidemiological studies that want to define the voice health of general population. Therefore, it is not surprising to find translations of this tool into different languages, even into Spanish and Catalan. In this paper, on the one hand, we present the process of translation of a new VHI-10 Catalan version with a better adaptation to our context thanks to the debate with the questionnaire authors and their subsequent approval. In addition, we propose a new version of the VHI-10 in Spanish, of which the adaptation already exists and is widely shared in our field. On the other hand, we analyze data related to the implementation of the VHI-10 to two samples: the first one, a sample of 675 teachers of Catalonia; the second one, a sample of the 1,392 future teachers that study at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. We have proved the reliability and the stability of the proposed questionnaire translation, which conform to the purpose of the original VHI. Furthermore, it must be highlighted the need to adapt the VHI to the concrete reality of the student teachers.



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Reorganization of neural systems mediating peripheral visual selective attention in the deaf: An optical imaging study

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Jenessa L. Seymour, Kathy A. Low, Edward L. Maclin, Antonio M. Chiarelli, Kyle E. Mathewson, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton, Matthew W.G. Dye
Theories of brain plasticity propose that, in the absence of input from the preferred sensory modality, some specialized brain areas may be recruited when processing information from other modalities, which may result in improved performance. The Useful Field of View task has previously been used to demonstrate that early deafness positively impacts peripheral visual attention. The current study sought to determine the neural changes associated with those deafness-related enhancements in visual performance. Based on previous findings, we hypothesized that recruitment of posterior portions of Brodmann area 22, a brain region most commonly associated with auditory processing, would be correlated with peripheral selective attention as measured using the Useful Field of View task. We report data from severe to profoundly deaf adults and normal-hearing controls who performed the Useful Field of View task while cortical activity was recorded using the event-related optical signal. Behavioral performance, obtained in a separate session, showed that deaf subjects had lower thresholds (i.e., better performance) on the Useful Field of View task. The event-related optical data indicated greater activity for the deaf adults than for the normal-hearing controls during the task in the posterior portion of Brodmann area 22 in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, the behavioral thresholds correlated significantly with this neural activity. This work provides further support for the hypothesis that cross-modal plasticity in deaf individuals appears in higher-order auditory cortices, whereas no similar evidence was obtained for primary auditory areas. It is also the only neuroimaging study to date that has linked deaf-related changes in the right temporal lobe to visual task performance outside of the imaging environment. The event-related optical signal is a valuable technique for studying cross-modal plasticity in deaf humans. The non-invasive and relatively quiet characteristics of this technique have great potential utility in research with clinical populations such as deaf children and adults who have received cochlear or auditory brainstem implants.



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Circadian regulation of auditory function

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Vasiliki Basinou, Jung-sub Park, Christopher R. Cederroth, Barbara Canlon




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Reorganization of neural systems mediating peripheral visual selective attention in the deaf: An optical imaging study

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Jenessa L. Seymour, Kathy A. Low, Edward L. Maclin, Antonio M. Chiarelli, Kyle E. Mathewson, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton, Matthew W.G. Dye
Theories of brain plasticity propose that, in the absence of input from the preferred sensory modality, some specialized brain areas may be recruited when processing information from other modalities, which may result in improved performance. The Useful Field of View task has previously been used to demonstrate that early deafness positively impacts peripheral visual attention. The current study sought to determine the neural changes associated with those deafness-related enhancements in visual performance. Based on previous findings, we hypothesized that recruitment of posterior portions of Brodmann area 22, a brain region most commonly associated with auditory processing, would be correlated with peripheral selective attention as measured using the Useful Field of View task. We report data from severe to profoundly deaf adults and normal-hearing controls who performed the Useful Field of View task while cortical activity was recorded using the event-related optical signal. Behavioral performance, obtained in a separate session, showed that deaf subjects had lower thresholds (i.e., better performance) on the Useful Field of View task. The event-related optical data indicated greater activity for the deaf adults than for the normal-hearing controls during the task in the posterior portion of Brodmann area 22 in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, the behavioral thresholds correlated significantly with this neural activity. This work provides further support for the hypothesis that cross-modal plasticity in deaf individuals appears in higher-order auditory cortices, whereas no similar evidence was obtained for primary auditory areas. It is also the only neuroimaging study to date that has linked deaf-related changes in the right temporal lobe to visual task performance outside of the imaging environment. The event-related optical signal is a valuable technique for studying cross-modal plasticity in deaf humans. The non-invasive and relatively quiet characteristics of this technique have great potential utility in research with clinical populations such as deaf children and adults who have received cochlear or auditory brainstem implants.



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Circadian regulation of auditory function

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Vasiliki Basinou, Jung-sub Park, Christopher R. Cederroth, Barbara Canlon




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Reorganization of neural systems mediating peripheral visual selective attention in the deaf: An optical imaging study

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Jenessa L. Seymour, Kathy A. Low, Edward L. Maclin, Antonio M. Chiarelli, Kyle E. Mathewson, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton, Matthew W.G. Dye
Theories of brain plasticity propose that, in the absence of input from the preferred sensory modality, some specialized brain areas may be recruited when processing information from other modalities, which may result in improved performance. The Useful Field of View task has previously been used to demonstrate that early deafness positively impacts peripheral visual attention. The current study sought to determine the neural changes associated with those deafness-related enhancements in visual performance. Based on previous findings, we hypothesized that recruitment of posterior portions of Brodmann area 22, a brain region most commonly associated with auditory processing, would be correlated with peripheral selective attention as measured using the Useful Field of View task. We report data from severe to profoundly deaf adults and normal-hearing controls who performed the Useful Field of View task while cortical activity was recorded using the event-related optical signal. Behavioral performance, obtained in a separate session, showed that deaf subjects had lower thresholds (i.e., better performance) on the Useful Field of View task. The event-related optical data indicated greater activity for the deaf adults than for the normal-hearing controls during the task in the posterior portion of Brodmann area 22 in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, the behavioral thresholds correlated significantly with this neural activity. This work provides further support for the hypothesis that cross-modal plasticity in deaf individuals appears in higher-order auditory cortices, whereas no similar evidence was obtained for primary auditory areas. It is also the only neuroimaging study to date that has linked deaf-related changes in the right temporal lobe to visual task performance outside of the imaging environment. The event-related optical signal is a valuable technique for studying cross-modal plasticity in deaf humans. The non-invasive and relatively quiet characteristics of this technique have great potential utility in research with clinical populations such as deaf children and adults who have received cochlear or auditory brainstem implants.



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Circadian regulation of auditory function

Publication date: Available online 23 September 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Vasiliki Basinou, Jung-sub Park, Christopher R. Cederroth, Barbara Canlon




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Four-way-leaning test shows larger limits of stability than a circular-leaning test

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Mikkel Højgaard Thomsen, Nicolai Støttrup, Frederik Greve Larsen, Ann-Marie Sydow Krogh Pedersen, Anne Grove Poulsen, Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
IntroductionLimits of stability (LOS) have extensive clinical and rehabilitational value yet no standard consensus on measuring LOS exists. LOS measured using a leaning or a circling protocol is commonly used research and clinical settings, however differences in protocols and reliability problems exist.ObjectiveThis study measured LOS using a four-way-leaning test and a circular-leaning test to test which showed larger LOS measurements. Furthermore, number of adaptation trials needed for consistent results was assessed.MethodLimits of stability were measured using a force plate (Metitur Good Balance System^®) sampling at 50Hz. Thirty healthy subjects completed 30 trials assessing LOS alternating between four-way-leaning test and circular-leaning test.ResultsA main effect of methods (ANOVA:F(1,28)=45.86, P<.01) with the four-way-leaning test showing larger values than the circular-leaning test (NK, P<.01). An interaction between method×directions was found (ANOVA:F(3, 84)=24.87, P<.01). The four-way-leaning test showed larger LOS in anterior (NK, P<.05), right (NK, P<.01) and left direction (NK, P<.01). Analysis of LOS for the four-way-leaning test showed a difference between trials (ANOVA:F(14,392)=7.81, P<0.01). Differences were found between trial 1 and 7 (NK, P<0.03), trial 6 and 8 (NK, P<.02) and trial 7 and 15 (NK, P<0.02). Four-way-leaning test showed high correlation (ICC<0.87) between first and second trial for all directions.ConclusionFour-way-leaning test yields larger LOS in anterior, right and left direction making it more reliable when measuring LOS. A learning effect was found up to the 8th trial, which suggests using 8 adaptation trials before reliable LOS is measured.



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Four-way-leaning test shows larger limits of stability than a circular-leaning test

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Mikkel Højgaard Thomsen, Nicolai Støttrup, Frederik Greve Larsen, Ann-Marie Sydow Krogh Pedersen, Anne Grove Poulsen, Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
IntroductionLimits of stability (LOS) have extensive clinical and rehabilitational value yet no standard consensus on measuring LOS exists. LOS measured using a leaning or a circling protocol is commonly used research and clinical settings, however differences in protocols and reliability problems exist.ObjectiveThis study measured LOS using a four-way-leaning test and a circular-leaning test to test which showed larger LOS measurements. Furthermore, number of adaptation trials needed for consistent results was assessed.MethodLimits of stability were measured using a force plate (Metitur Good Balance System^®) sampling at 50Hz. Thirty healthy subjects completed 30 trials assessing LOS alternating between four-way-leaning test and circular-leaning test.ResultsA main effect of methods (ANOVA:F(1,28)=45.86, P<.01) with the four-way-leaning test showing larger values than the circular-leaning test (NK, P<.01). An interaction between method×directions was found (ANOVA:F(3, 84)=24.87, P<.01). The four-way-leaning test showed larger LOS in anterior (NK, P<.05), right (NK, P<.01) and left direction (NK, P<.01). Analysis of LOS for the four-way-leaning test showed a difference between trials (ANOVA:F(14,392)=7.81, P<0.01). Differences were found between trial 1 and 7 (NK, P<0.03), trial 6 and 8 (NK, P<.02) and trial 7 and 15 (NK, P<0.02). Four-way-leaning test showed high correlation (ICC<0.87) between first and second trial for all directions.ConclusionFour-way-leaning test yields larger LOS in anterior, right and left direction making it more reliable when measuring LOS. A learning effect was found up to the 8th trial, which suggests using 8 adaptation trials before reliable LOS is measured.



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Four-way-leaning test shows larger limits of stability than a circular-leaning test

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Mikkel Højgaard Thomsen, Nicolai Støttrup, Frederik Greve Larsen, Ann-Marie Sydow Krogh Pedersen, Anne Grove Poulsen, Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
IntroductionLimits of stability (LOS) have extensive clinical and rehabilitational value yet no standard consensus on measuring LOS exists. LOS measured using a leaning or a circling protocol is commonly used research and clinical settings, however differences in protocols and reliability problems exist.ObjectiveThis study measured LOS using a four-way-leaning test and a circular-leaning test to test which showed larger LOS measurements. Furthermore, number of adaptation trials needed for consistent results was assessed.MethodLimits of stability were measured using a force plate (Metitur Good Balance System^®) sampling at 50Hz. Thirty healthy subjects completed 30 trials assessing LOS alternating between four-way-leaning test and circular-leaning test.ResultsA main effect of methods (ANOVA:F(1,28)=45.86, P<.01) with the four-way-leaning test showing larger values than the circular-leaning test (NK, P<.01). An interaction between method×directions was found (ANOVA:F(3, 84)=24.87, P<.01). The four-way-leaning test showed larger LOS in anterior (NK, P<.05), right (NK, P<.01) and left direction (NK, P<.01). Analysis of LOS for the four-way-leaning test showed a difference between trials (ANOVA:F(14,392)=7.81, P<0.01). Differences were found between trial 1 and 7 (NK, P<0.03), trial 6 and 8 (NK, P<.02) and trial 7 and 15 (NK, P<0.02). Four-way-leaning test showed high correlation (ICC<0.87) between first and second trial for all directions.ConclusionFour-way-leaning test yields larger LOS in anterior, right and left direction making it more reliable when measuring LOS. A learning effect was found up to the 8th trial, which suggests using 8 adaptation trials before reliable LOS is measured.



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Long-term measurements using home audiometry with Békésy’s technique

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Long-term measurements using home audiometry with Békésy’s technique

.


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Long-term measurements using home audiometry with Békésy’s technique

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Sensorineural hearing loss after otitis media with effusion and subacute mastoiditis after viral infections of the upper respiratory tract: A comparative study of conservative and surgical treatment.

Related Articles

Sensorineural hearing loss after otitis media with effusion and subacute mastoiditis after viral infections of the upper respiratory tract: A comparative study of conservative and surgical treatment.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2016 Sep;95(9):E18-E27

Authors: Wilhelm T, Stelzer T, Hagen R

Abstract
Involvement of the middle ear after viral infections of the upper airways may lead to serous otitis media with effusion in the absence of bacterial infection. This can be accompanied by a concomitant shading of the mastoid air cells, which could manifest as a reduced opacity on computed tomography (CT) in the absence of a history of chronic mastoiditis or acute inflammatory signs. This can lead to a subsequent impairment of inner ear function. CT scans reveal an extended pneumatization of the temporal bones in affected patients. Inner ear hearing impairment can probably be attributed to a concomitant labyrinthine reaction-the so-called toxic inner ear lesion. If no remission occurs within 5 days after initial conservative treatment (paracentesis or hemorrheologic infusions), surgical treatment with a mastoidectomy can accelerate hearing restoration. We conducted a retrospective, nonrandomized study of short- and long-term hearing outcomes in patients with a toxic inner ear lesion who had been treated with conservative measures alone (CONS group) or with surgery (SURG group) in a tertiary care referral center. Our study group was made up of 52 consecutively presenting patients (57 ears) who had been seen over a 10-year period; there were 20 patients (21 ears) in the CONS group and 32 patients (36 ears) in the SURG group. Initially, 15 CONS patients (75%) and 18 SURG patients (56%) complained of dizziness or a balance disorder. The initial averaged sensorineural hearing loss (over 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kHz) was 32.4 ± 15.6 dB in the CONS group and 35.4 ± 12.0 dB in the SURG group. At follow-up (mean: 31.7 mo), the SURG group experienced a significantly greater improvement in hearing (p = 0.025). We conclude that patients with viral otitis media and concomitant noninflammatory mastoiditis with impairment of inner ear function (sensorineural hearing loss) experience a better hearing outcome when a mastoidectomy is performed during primary treatment.

PMID: 27657322 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Sensorineural hearing loss after otitis media with effusion and subacute mastoiditis after viral infections of the upper respiratory tract: A comparative study of conservative and surgical treatment.

Related Articles

Sensorineural hearing loss after otitis media with effusion and subacute mastoiditis after viral infections of the upper respiratory tract: A comparative study of conservative and surgical treatment.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2016 Sep;95(9):E18-E27

Authors: Wilhelm T, Stelzer T, Hagen R

Abstract
Involvement of the middle ear after viral infections of the upper airways may lead to serous otitis media with effusion in the absence of bacterial infection. This can be accompanied by a concomitant shading of the mastoid air cells, which could manifest as a reduced opacity on computed tomography (CT) in the absence of a history of chronic mastoiditis or acute inflammatory signs. This can lead to a subsequent impairment of inner ear function. CT scans reveal an extended pneumatization of the temporal bones in affected patients. Inner ear hearing impairment can probably be attributed to a concomitant labyrinthine reaction-the so-called toxic inner ear lesion. If no remission occurs within 5 days after initial conservative treatment (paracentesis or hemorrheologic infusions), surgical treatment with a mastoidectomy can accelerate hearing restoration. We conducted a retrospective, nonrandomized study of short- and long-term hearing outcomes in patients with a toxic inner ear lesion who had been treated with conservative measures alone (CONS group) or with surgery (SURG group) in a tertiary care referral center. Our study group was made up of 52 consecutively presenting patients (57 ears) who had been seen over a 10-year period; there were 20 patients (21 ears) in the CONS group and 32 patients (36 ears) in the SURG group. Initially, 15 CONS patients (75%) and 18 SURG patients (56%) complained of dizziness or a balance disorder. The initial averaged sensorineural hearing loss (over 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kHz) was 32.4 ± 15.6 dB in the CONS group and 35.4 ± 12.0 dB in the SURG group. At follow-up (mean: 31.7 mo), the SURG group experienced a significantly greater improvement in hearing (p = 0.025). We conclude that patients with viral otitis media and concomitant noninflammatory mastoiditis with impairment of inner ear function (sensorineural hearing loss) experience a better hearing outcome when a mastoidectomy is performed during primary treatment.

PMID: 27657322 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A dominant variant in DMXL2 is linked to nonsyndromic hearing loss.

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A dominant variant in DMXL2 is linked to nonsyndromic hearing loss.

Genet Med. 2016 Sep 22;

Authors: Chen DY, Liu XF, Lin XJ, Zhang D, Chai YC, Yu DH, Sun CL, Wang XL, Zhu WD, Chen Y, Sun LH, Wang XW, Shi FX, Huang ZW, Yang T, Wu H

Abstract
PURPOSE: To explore the genetic etiology of deafness in a dominant family with late-onset, progressive, nonsyndromic hearing loss.
METHODS: Genome-wide linkage analysis was performed for 21 family members. Candidate pathogenic variants were identified by whole-exome sequencing of selected family members and confirmed by Sanger sequencing of all family members. Cochlear expression of Dmxl2 was investigated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunostaining of the organ of Corti from mice.
RESULTS: The causative gene was mapped to a 9.68-Mb candidate region on chromosome 15q21.2 (maximum logarithm of the odds score = 4.03) that contained no previously described deafness genes. Whole-exome sequencing identified heterozygous c.7250G>A (p.Arg2417His) in DMXL2 as the only candidate pathogenic variant segregating the hearing loss. In mouse cochlea, expression of DMXL2 was restricted to the hair cells and the spiral ganglion neurons.
CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that the p.Arg2417His variant in DMXL2 is associated with dominant, nonsyndromic hearing loss and suggested an important role of DMXL2 in inner ear function.Genet Med advance online publication 22 September 2016Genetics in Medicine (2016); doi:10.1038/gim.2016.142.

PMID: 27657680 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Oxidative stress and mitochondria-mediated cell death mechanisms triggered by the familial Danish dementia ADan amyloid.

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Oxidative stress and mitochondria-mediated cell death mechanisms triggered by the familial Danish dementia ADan amyloid.

Neurobiol Dis. 2016 Jan;85:130-43

Authors: Todd K, Ghiso J, Rostagno A

Abstract
Familial Danish Dementia (FDD), an early-onset non-amyloid-β (Aβ) cerebral amyloidosis, is neuropathologically characterized by widespread cerebral amyloid angiopathy, parenchymal amyloid and preamyloid deposits, as well as neurofibrillary degeneration indistinguishable to that seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main amyloid subunit composing FDD lesions, a 34-amino acid de-novo generated peptide ADan, is the direct result of a genetic defect at the 3'-end of the BRI2 gene and the physiologic action of furin-like proteolytic processing at the C-terminal region of the ADan precursor protein. We aimed to study the impact of the FDD mutation, the additional formation of the pyroglutamate (pE) posttranslational modification as well as the relevance of C-terminal truncations -all major components of the heterogeneous FDD deposits- on the structural and neurotoxic properties of the molecule. Our data indicates that whereas the mutation generated a β-sheet-rich hydrophobic ADan subunit of high oligomerization/fibrillization propensity and the pE modification further enhanced these properties, C-terminal truncations had the opposite effect mostly abolishing these features. The potentiation of pro-amyloidogenic properties correlated with the initiation of neuronal cell death mechanisms involving oxidative stress, perturbation of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and downstream activation of caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. The amyloid-induced toxicity was inhibited by targeting specific components of these detrimental cellular pathways, using reactive oxygen scavengers and monoclonal antibodies recognizing the pathological amyloid subunit. Taken together, the data indicate that the FDD mutation and the pE posttranslational modification are both primary elements driving intact ADan into an amyloidogenic/neurotoxic pathway while truncations at the C-terminus eliminate the pro-amyloidogenic characteristics of the molecule, likely reflecting effect of physiologic clearance mechanisms.

PMID: 26459115 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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An Evaluation of the Breathing Strategies and Maximum Phonation Time in Musical Theater Performers During Controlled Performance Tasks

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2016
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Tommi Sliiden, Sara Beck, Ian MacDonald
ObjectivesBreathing strategies for athletic dancing are quite different from those needed for legato singing. This study considers the respiration data recorded by a telemetric heart rate monitor, mask, and gas analyzer collected from 20 musical theater professionals performing set tasks.MethodsScores were taken of maximum phonation time (MPT), relative oxygen uptake, and heart rate immediately after three tasks: (1) singing only, (2) dancing only, and (3) singing while dancing. Scores were also collected of the ability to sustain unbroken notes immediately before performing and then immediately after each of the above tasks (1), (2), and (3). Vital capacity scores were recorded at the beginning and at the end of the testing schedule. A questionnaire took demographic information and asked questions regarding performer perception, training, and experience. Most were aware of breathing inconsistencies and adjustments related to changes of task and/or direction.Results(Means) Tidal volume was constant for (1) singing and (2) dancing; MPT reduced by 65.2% for singing while dancing; and minute volumes reduced by 16% but relative oxygen uptake (mL/kg/min) remained unchanged, despite increased heart rates, and when singing while dancing compared with dancing only. The mean MPT dropped from 20.4 seconds to 7.1 seconds (change of 65.2%) between the at rest and postsinging while dancing scores.ConclusionThe likelihood of developing vocal dysfunction (overtime) and the risk of compromising performance aesthetic lead the researchers to the conclusion that further study is required in this area.



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VHI-10 and SVHI-10 Differences in Singers' Self-perception of Dysphonia Severity

Publication date: Available online 22 September 2016
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Elizabeth Renk, Lucian Sulica, Chad Grossman, Jenny Georges, Thomas Murry
ObjectivePrevious investigations of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10 in clinical practice noted that specific information relevant to singers was not forthcoming. Consequently, a second index, the Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI) as well as its shortened counterpart the SVHI-10, was developed. The purpose of this study was to directly compare the differences in scores between the VHI-10 and the SVHI-10 in a group of 50 singers.MethodsA retrospective chart review of 50 singers (26 women, 24 men) was performed between June 2014 and November 2014 at Weill Cornell Medical College, New York. Subjects completed both the VHI-10 and the SVHI-10 at their initial evaluation. The results from the VHI-10 and the SVHI-10 were then compared using paired t test and two-way analysis of variance.ResultsThe SVHI-10 scores from the performers were significantly higher than those of the VHI-10 (P < 0.0001). The mean score on the VHI-10 was 12.1 compared with 20.4 on the SVHI-10 (maximum score for each questionnaire is 40). There were no significant gender differences when comparing the VHI-10 and the SVHI-10 on the overall scores or for individual items. The analysis of variance also found no significant gender difference (P = 0.865) and confirmed a significant difference between VHI-10 and SVHI-10 (P = 0.0003).ConclusionWhereas singers may have general complaints about their voice, they also have specific complaints that relate only to their singing voice. Finding a significant difference between the scores of the VHI-10 and the SVHI-10 suggests the importance of assessing the singer's perception of voice severity using a tool that focuses on the singing voice.



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