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Τετάρτη 23 Νοεμβρίου 2016
Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implant Recipients With Residual Hearing: Comparison With Audiometric Thresholds.
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Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implant Recipients With Residual Hearing: Comparison With Audiometric Thresholds.
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Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implant Recipients With Residual Hearing: Comparison With Audiometric Thresholds.
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La memoria de trabajo, capacidad y procedimientos, en el trastorno específico del lenguaje: análisis visual de eventos y su expresión oral
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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La memoria de trabajo, capacidad y procedimientos, en el trastorno específico del lenguaje: análisis visual de eventos y su expresión oral
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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La memoria de trabajo, capacidad y procedimientos, en el trastorno específico del lenguaje: análisis visual de eventos y su expresión oral
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Miquel Serra, Liliana Henríquez, Thaïs Lorenzo, Noelia Duque
ObjetivoEste estudio se enmarca en la perspectiva teórica de considerar las habilidades cognitivas como factores contribuyentes al trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). El propósito de la investigación es clarificar si se dan diferencias en los procedimientos empleados en la memoria de trabajo (MdT) de los TEL. El experimento comparativo realizado concierne a la percepción visual, la representación y la descripción de unas imágenes que ilustran eventos de tipo mental.MétodoSe estudian 2 grupos de 13 niños y niñas, de entre 5 y 8 años, uno con TEL y otro de desarrollo normal (DN) de control. La tarea experimental, registrada con eye tracker y vídeo, consiste en el análisis visual de las áreas de interés de las imágenes mentales y su descripción oral, que requiere 2 verbos.ResultadosLas diferencias esperadas en el análisis visual no se han confirmado en su conjunto. Sí lo han sido para la fluidez, la velocidad en el inicio de la descripción, el desorden de los constituyentes y el tiempo empleado hasta el inicio de los verbos. Todos ellos son informativos de diferencias en los procesos de la MdT. Entre los TEL menores las diferencias han sido más amplias que entre los mayores.ConclusiónLas diferencias halladas apuntan a la existencia de múltiples procesamientos diferenciados en el grado de habilidad (datos temporales) y solo alguno, como la planificación y el orden de los constituyentes, son distintos. Estas diferencias son mucho más claras para los TEL menores.PurposeThis study is grounded on the perspective which holds that cognitive abilities contribute to the specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of this research is to find out if distinct procedures can be measures and identified in their working memory (WM). The task employed in the comparative experiment involves the visual analysis and perception of events, its representations and description of images depicting mental events.MethodTwo groups of 13 children from 5 to 8 years old, SLI and a normal developing group (ND) conform the sample. The study comprises the eye tracked visual analysis of images illustrating mental events, and their video registered oral description that requires 2 verbs.ResultsThe results of the visual analysis have not supported the majority of predictions. They validated only the predictions about fluency, readiness in the beginning of the oral description, the clutter of constituents, and the time elapsed until uttering the verbs. All of them are informative about the processes hold in the WM. The differences with young SLI have been much more important than those found in the older groups.ConclusionThe results reflect some differences in the non verbal WM procedures, mainly in their level of cognitive proficiency (temporal data), and only some, like planning and constituent order have been found diverse. The differences are much more evident for the young SLI group.
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Evidence that hidden hearing loss underlies amplitude modulation encoding deficits in individuals with and without tinnitus
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Brandon T. Paul, Ian C. Bruce, Larry E. Roberts
Damage to auditory nerve fibers that expresses with suprathreshold sounds but is hidden from the audiogram has been proposed to underlie deficits in temporal coding ability observed among individuals with otherwise normal hearing, and to be present in individuals experiencing chronic tinnitus with clinically normal audiograms. We tested whether these individuals may have hidden synaptic losses on auditory nerve fibers with low spontaneous rates of firing (low-SR fibers) that are important for coding suprathreshold sounds in noise while high-SR fibers determining threshold responses in quiet remain relatively unaffected. Tinnitus and control subjects were required to detect the presence of amplitude modulation (AM) in a 5 kHz, suprathreshold tone (a frequency in the tinnitus frequency region of the tinnitus subjects, whose audiometric thresholds were normal to 12 kHz). The AM tone was embedded within background noise intended to degrade the contribution of high-SR fibers, such that AM coding was preferentially reliant on low-SR fibers. We also recorded by electroencephalography the “envelope following response” (EFR, generated in the auditory midbrain) to a 5 kHz, 85 Hz AM tone presented in the same background noise, and also in quiet (both low-SR and high-SR fibers contributing to AM coding in the latter condition). Control subjects with EFRs that were comparatively resistant to the addition of background noise had better AM detection thresholds than controls whose EFRs were more affected by noise. Simulated auditory nerve responses to our stimulus conditions using a well-established peripheral model suggested that low-SR fibers were better preserved in the former cases. Tinnitus subjects had worse AM detection thresholds and reduced EFRs overall compared to controls. Simulated auditory nerve responses found that in addition to severe low-SR fiber loss, a degree of high-SR fiber loss that would not be expected to affect audiometric thresholds was needed to explain the results in tinnitus subjects. The results indicate that hidden hearing loss could be sufficient to account for impaired temporal coding in individuals with normal audiograms as well as for cases of tinnitus without audiometric hearing loss.
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Evidence that hidden hearing loss underlies amplitude modulation encoding deficits in individuals with and without tinnitus
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Brandon T. Paul, Ian C. Bruce, Larry E. Roberts
Damage to auditory nerve fibers that expresses with suprathreshold sounds but is hidden from the audiogram has been proposed to underlie deficits in temporal coding ability observed among individuals with otherwise normal hearing, and to be present in individuals experiencing chronic tinnitus with clinically normal audiograms. We tested whether these individuals may have hidden synaptic losses on auditory nerve fibers with low spontaneous rates of firing (low-SR fibers) that are important for coding suprathreshold sounds in noise while high-SR fibers determining threshold responses in quiet remain relatively unaffected. Tinnitus and control subjects were required to detect the presence of amplitude modulation (AM) in a 5 kHz, suprathreshold tone (a frequency in the tinnitus frequency region of the tinnitus subjects, whose audiometric thresholds were normal to 12 kHz). The AM tone was embedded within background noise intended to degrade the contribution of high-SR fibers, such that AM coding was preferentially reliant on low-SR fibers. We also recorded by electroencephalography the “envelope following response” (EFR, generated in the auditory midbrain) to a 5 kHz, 85 Hz AM tone presented in the same background noise, and also in quiet (both low-SR and high-SR fibers contributing to AM coding in the latter condition). Control subjects with EFRs that were comparatively resistant to the addition of background noise had better AM detection thresholds than controls whose EFRs were more affected by noise. Simulated auditory nerve responses to our stimulus conditions using a well-established peripheral model suggested that low-SR fibers were better preserved in the former cases. Tinnitus subjects had worse AM detection thresholds and reduced EFRs overall compared to controls. Simulated auditory nerve responses found that in addition to severe low-SR fiber loss, a degree of high-SR fiber loss that would not be expected to affect audiometric thresholds was needed to explain the results in tinnitus subjects. The results indicate that hidden hearing loss could be sufficient to account for impaired temporal coding in individuals with normal audiograms as well as for cases of tinnitus without audiometric hearing loss.
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Evidence that hidden hearing loss underlies amplitude modulation encoding deficits in individuals with and without tinnitus
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Brandon T. Paul, Ian C. Bruce, Larry E. Roberts
Damage to auditory nerve fibers that expresses with suprathreshold sounds but is hidden from the audiogram has been proposed to underlie deficits in temporal coding ability observed among individuals with otherwise normal hearing, and to be present in individuals experiencing chronic tinnitus with clinically normal audiograms. We tested whether these individuals may have hidden synaptic losses on auditory nerve fibers with low spontaneous rates of firing (low-SR fibers) that are important for coding suprathreshold sounds in noise while high-SR fibers determining threshold responses in quiet remain relatively unaffected. Tinnitus and control subjects were required to detect the presence of amplitude modulation (AM) in a 5 kHz, suprathreshold tone (a frequency in the tinnitus frequency region of the tinnitus subjects, whose audiometric thresholds were normal to 12 kHz). The AM tone was embedded within background noise intended to degrade the contribution of high-SR fibers, such that AM coding was preferentially reliant on low-SR fibers. We also recorded by electroencephalography the “envelope following response” (EFR, generated in the auditory midbrain) to a 5 kHz, 85 Hz AM tone presented in the same background noise, and also in quiet (both low-SR and high-SR fibers contributing to AM coding in the latter condition). Control subjects with EFRs that were comparatively resistant to the addition of background noise had better AM detection thresholds than controls whose EFRs were more affected by noise. Simulated auditory nerve responses to our stimulus conditions using a well-established peripheral model suggested that low-SR fibers were better preserved in the former cases. Tinnitus subjects had worse AM detection thresholds and reduced EFRs overall compared to controls. Simulated auditory nerve responses found that in addition to severe low-SR fiber loss, a degree of high-SR fiber loss that would not be expected to affect audiometric thresholds was needed to explain the results in tinnitus subjects. The results indicate that hidden hearing loss could be sufficient to account for impaired temporal coding in individuals with normal audiograms as well as for cases of tinnitus without audiometric hearing loss.
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A corpus of noise-induced word misperceptions for English
Words spoken against a noise background often form an ambiguous percept. However, in certain conditions, a listener will mishear a noisy word but report hearing the same incorrect word as reported by other listeners. These consistent hearing errors are valuable as tests of detailed models of speech perception. This paper describes the collection of a corpus of consistent speech misperceptions for English. The mishearings were elicited using a large scale listening study involving 212 participants and over 300 000 token presentations. The study led to the identification of 3207 consistent misperceptions. For each of these, the corpus records the speech and masker waveforms that generated the error, the set of responses made by the listeners, and phonemic transcriptions of the target word and the response. The corpus is freely available online.
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Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-12
Authors: Meis M, Huber R, Fischer RL, Schulte M, Spilski J, Meister H
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was, based on the individualisation of hearing aids (HA) and pre-sets for audio devices, to develop a questionnaire to determine the basis for profiling sound preferences and hearing habits to gather additional information usable for HA fitting and adjustment tools for audio-devices.
METHODS: We developed a questionnaire consisting of 46 items. A postal survey was conducted with N = 622 users with a mean age of 66 years (47.9% aided with HA, 45.7% female).
RESULTS: Seven factors were identified by means of Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses: F1: 'Annoyance/distraction by background noise', F2: 'Importance of sound quality', F3: 'Noise Sensitivity', F4: 'Avoidance of unpredictable sounds', F5: 'Openness towards loud/new sounds', F6: 'Preferences for warm sounds', and F7: 'Details of environmental sounds/music'. Only the first of these factors was related to the audiogram of the user. No difference with any of the factors could be observed with HA use/non-use. In contrast, gender effects were found with female respondents preferring warm sounds and being more sensitive to noise.
CONCLUSIONS: The sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ) is a usable tool for profiling the users with respect to sound preferences relevant for HA fitting and pre-sets for audio devices.
PMID: 27875658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Völker C, Ernst SM, Kollmeier B
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A generalised concept for hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits is presented along first implementations in this report.
DESIGN: To estimate the individual traits, a set of auditory model-based performance measures is used to generate promising candidates within the algorithm's parameter space for a subsequent subjective rating. For the subjective assessment, a fast and intuitive multi-stimulus test denoted as combined discrimination and classification (CoDiCl) is presented to capture user preferences for an optimised setting.
STUDY SAMPLE: The estimation of individual traits is shown in an exemplary manner for a multidimensional coherence-based noise reduction algorithm. The dimensionality reduction was performed using differently weighted combinations of speech intelligibility index (SII) and perceived similarity measure (PSM).
RESULTS: Nine reasonable alternative algorithm setting candidates were extracted from a model-optimised exploration path (MOEP) for a subsequent subjective rating to potentially differentiate between listeners with different attitudes towards noise suppression and introduced distortions (i.e. "noise haters" and "distortion haters").
CONCLUSIONS: By iteratively improving the agreement between subjective and objective assessment, an objective estimation of subjective traits using appropriate weightings of objective measures may become possible. This will potentially help to efficiently fit modern multidimensional hearing aid algorithms to the individual user.
PMID: 27873543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Sheffield B, Brungart D, Tufts J, Ness J
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between hearing acuity and operational performance in simulated dismounted combat.
DESIGN: Individuals wearing hearing loss simulation systems competed in a paintball-based exercise where the objective was to be the last player remaining. Four hearing loss profiles were tested in each round (no hearing loss, mild, moderate and severe) and four rounds were played to make up a match. This allowed counterbalancing of simulated hearing loss across participants.
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-three participants across two data collection sites (Fort Detrick, Maryland and the United States Military Academy, New York). All participants self-reported normal hearing except for two who reported mild hearing loss.
RESULTS: Impaired hearing had a greater impact on the offensive capabilities of participants than it did on their "survival", likely due to the tendency for individuals with simulated impairment to adopt a more conservative behavioural strategy than those with normal hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the impact of impaired hearing on combat effectiveness, with implications for the development of improved auditory fitness-for-duty standards, the establishment of performance requirements for hearing protection technologies, and the refinement of strategies to train military personnel on how to use hearing protection in combat environments.
PMID: 27873538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
| Related Articles |
What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-9
Authors: Roberts B, Sun K, Neitzel RL
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse over 700,000 cross-sectional measurements from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MHSA) and develop statistical models to predict noise exposure for a worker.
DESIGN: Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Two linear regression models were used to predict noise exposure based on MSHA-permissible exposure limit (PEL) and action level (AL), respectively. Twofold cross validation was used to compare the exposure estimates from the models to actual measurement. The mean difference and t-statistic was calculated for each job title to determine whether the model predictions were significantly different from the actual data.
STUDY SAMPLE: Measurements were acquired from MSHA through a Freedom of Information Act request.
RESULTS: From 1979 to 2014, noise exposure has decreased. Measurements taken before the implementation of MSHA's revised noise regulation in 2000 were on average 4.5 dBA higher than after the law was implemented. Both models produced exposure predictions that were less than 1 dBA different than the holdout data.
CONCLUSION: Overall noise levels in mines have been decreasing. However, this decrease has not been uniform across all mining sectors. The exposure predictions from the model will be useful to help predict hearing loss in workers in the mining industry.
PMID: 27871188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-12
Authors: Meis M, Huber R, Fischer RL, Schulte M, Spilski J, Meister H
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was, based on the individualisation of hearing aids (HA) and pre-sets for audio devices, to develop a questionnaire to determine the basis for profiling sound preferences and hearing habits to gather additional information usable for HA fitting and adjustment tools for audio-devices.
METHODS: We developed a questionnaire consisting of 46 items. A postal survey was conducted with N = 622 users with a mean age of 66 years (47.9% aided with HA, 45.7% female).
RESULTS: Seven factors were identified by means of Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses: F1: 'Annoyance/distraction by background noise', F2: 'Importance of sound quality', F3: 'Noise Sensitivity', F4: 'Avoidance of unpredictable sounds', F5: 'Openness towards loud/new sounds', F6: 'Preferences for warm sounds', and F7: 'Details of environmental sounds/music'. Only the first of these factors was related to the audiogram of the user. No difference with any of the factors could be observed with HA use/non-use. In contrast, gender effects were found with female respondents preferring warm sounds and being more sensitive to noise.
CONCLUSIONS: The sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ) is a usable tool for profiling the users with respect to sound preferences relevant for HA fitting and pre-sets for audio devices.
PMID: 27875658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Völker C, Ernst SM, Kollmeier B
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A generalised concept for hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits is presented along first implementations in this report.
DESIGN: To estimate the individual traits, a set of auditory model-based performance measures is used to generate promising candidates within the algorithm's parameter space for a subsequent subjective rating. For the subjective assessment, a fast and intuitive multi-stimulus test denoted as combined discrimination and classification (CoDiCl) is presented to capture user preferences for an optimised setting.
STUDY SAMPLE: The estimation of individual traits is shown in an exemplary manner for a multidimensional coherence-based noise reduction algorithm. The dimensionality reduction was performed using differently weighted combinations of speech intelligibility index (SII) and perceived similarity measure (PSM).
RESULTS: Nine reasonable alternative algorithm setting candidates were extracted from a model-optimised exploration path (MOEP) for a subsequent subjective rating to potentially differentiate between listeners with different attitudes towards noise suppression and introduced distortions (i.e. "noise haters" and "distortion haters").
CONCLUSIONS: By iteratively improving the agreement between subjective and objective assessment, an objective estimation of subjective traits using appropriate weightings of objective measures may become possible. This will potentially help to efficiently fit modern multidimensional hearing aid algorithms to the individual user.
PMID: 27873543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Sheffield B, Brungart D, Tufts J, Ness J
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between hearing acuity and operational performance in simulated dismounted combat.
DESIGN: Individuals wearing hearing loss simulation systems competed in a paintball-based exercise where the objective was to be the last player remaining. Four hearing loss profiles were tested in each round (no hearing loss, mild, moderate and severe) and four rounds were played to make up a match. This allowed counterbalancing of simulated hearing loss across participants.
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-three participants across two data collection sites (Fort Detrick, Maryland and the United States Military Academy, New York). All participants self-reported normal hearing except for two who reported mild hearing loss.
RESULTS: Impaired hearing had a greater impact on the offensive capabilities of participants than it did on their "survival", likely due to the tendency for individuals with simulated impairment to adopt a more conservative behavioural strategy than those with normal hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the impact of impaired hearing on combat effectiveness, with implications for the development of improved auditory fitness-for-duty standards, the establishment of performance requirements for hearing protection technologies, and the refinement of strategies to train military personnel on how to use hearing protection in combat environments.
PMID: 27873538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
| Related Articles |
What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-9
Authors: Roberts B, Sun K, Neitzel RL
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse over 700,000 cross-sectional measurements from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MHSA) and develop statistical models to predict noise exposure for a worker.
DESIGN: Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Two linear regression models were used to predict noise exposure based on MSHA-permissible exposure limit (PEL) and action level (AL), respectively. Twofold cross validation was used to compare the exposure estimates from the models to actual measurement. The mean difference and t-statistic was calculated for each job title to determine whether the model predictions were significantly different from the actual data.
STUDY SAMPLE: Measurements were acquired from MSHA through a Freedom of Information Act request.
RESULTS: From 1979 to 2014, noise exposure has decreased. Measurements taken before the implementation of MSHA's revised noise regulation in 2000 were on average 4.5 dBA higher than after the law was implemented. Both models produced exposure predictions that were less than 1 dBA different than the holdout data.
CONCLUSION: Overall noise levels in mines have been decreasing. However, this decrease has not been uniform across all mining sectors. The exposure predictions from the model will be useful to help predict hearing loss in workers in the mining industry.
PMID: 27871188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Variable phenotypic expression and onset in MYH14 distal HMN phenotype in a large, multigenerational North American family.
Variable phenotypic expression and onset in MYH14 distal HMN phenotype in a large, multigenerational North American family.
Muscle Nerve. 2016 Nov 22;:
Authors: Iyadurai S, Arnold WD, Kissel JT, Ruhno C, McGovern VL, Snyder PJ, Prior TW, Roggenbuck J, Burghes AH, Kolb SJ
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) causes distal-predominant weakness without prominent sensory loss. Myosin heavy chain disorders most commonly result in distal myopathy and cardiomyopathy with or without hearing loss, but a complex phenotype with dHMN, myopathy, hoarseness, and hearing loss was reported in a Korean family with a c.2822G>T mutation in MYH14.
OBJECTIVE: To report phenotypic features in a North American family with the c.2822G>T in MYH14.
METHODS: Clinical and molecular characterization was performed in a large, 6-generation, Caucasian family with MYH14 dHMN.
RESULTS: A total of 11 affected and 7 unaffected individuals were evaluated and showed varying age of onset and severity of weakness. Genotypic concordance was confirmed with molecular analysis. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated distal motor axonal degeneration without myopathy in all affected subjects tested.
CONCLUSIONS: Mutation of MYH14 can result in a range of neuromuscular phenotypes that includes a dHMN and hearing loss phenotype with variable age of onset. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 27875632 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Blue sclerotics, fragilitas ossium and deafness; report of a family.
 |
Related Articles |
Blue sclerotics, fragilitas ossium and deafness; report of a family.
Bristol Med Chir J (1883). 1948;65(235):82-6
Authors: WATSON-WILLIAMS E
PMID: 18103292 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-12
Authors: Meis M, Huber R, Fischer RL, Schulte M, Spilski J, Meister H
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was, based on the individualisation of hearing aids (HA) and pre-sets for audio devices, to develop a questionnaire to determine the basis for profiling sound preferences and hearing habits to gather additional information usable for HA fitting and adjustment tools for audio-devices.
METHODS: We developed a questionnaire consisting of 46 items. A postal survey was conducted with N = 622 users with a mean age of 66 years (47.9% aided with HA, 45.7% female).
RESULTS: Seven factors were identified by means of Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses: F1: 'Annoyance/distraction by background noise', F2: 'Importance of sound quality', F3: 'Noise Sensitivity', F4: 'Avoidance of unpredictable sounds', F5: 'Openness towards loud/new sounds', F6: 'Preferences for warm sounds', and F7: 'Details of environmental sounds/music'. Only the first of these factors was related to the audiogram of the user. No difference with any of the factors could be observed with HA use/non-use. In contrast, gender effects were found with female respondents preferring warm sounds and being more sensitive to noise.
CONCLUSIONS: The sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ) is a usable tool for profiling the users with respect to sound preferences relevant for HA fitting and pre-sets for audio devices.
PMID: 27875658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Völker C, Ernst SM, Kollmeier B
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A generalised concept for hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits is presented along first implementations in this report.
DESIGN: To estimate the individual traits, a set of auditory model-based performance measures is used to generate promising candidates within the algorithm's parameter space for a subsequent subjective rating. For the subjective assessment, a fast and intuitive multi-stimulus test denoted as combined discrimination and classification (CoDiCl) is presented to capture user preferences for an optimised setting.
STUDY SAMPLE: The estimation of individual traits is shown in an exemplary manner for a multidimensional coherence-based noise reduction algorithm. The dimensionality reduction was performed using differently weighted combinations of speech intelligibility index (SII) and perceived similarity measure (PSM).
RESULTS: Nine reasonable alternative algorithm setting candidates were extracted from a model-optimised exploration path (MOEP) for a subsequent subjective rating to potentially differentiate between listeners with different attitudes towards noise suppression and introduced distortions (i.e. "noise haters" and "distortion haters").
CONCLUSIONS: By iteratively improving the agreement between subjective and objective assessment, an objective estimation of subjective traits using appropriate weightings of objective measures may become possible. This will potentially help to efficiently fit modern multidimensional hearing aid algorithms to the individual user.
PMID: 27873543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Sheffield B, Brungart D, Tufts J, Ness J
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between hearing acuity and operational performance in simulated dismounted combat.
DESIGN: Individuals wearing hearing loss simulation systems competed in a paintball-based exercise where the objective was to be the last player remaining. Four hearing loss profiles were tested in each round (no hearing loss, mild, moderate and severe) and four rounds were played to make up a match. This allowed counterbalancing of simulated hearing loss across participants.
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-three participants across two data collection sites (Fort Detrick, Maryland and the United States Military Academy, New York). All participants self-reported normal hearing except for two who reported mild hearing loss.
RESULTS: Impaired hearing had a greater impact on the offensive capabilities of participants than it did on their "survival", likely due to the tendency for individuals with simulated impairment to adopt a more conservative behavioural strategy than those with normal hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the impact of impaired hearing on combat effectiveness, with implications for the development of improved auditory fitness-for-duty standards, the establishment of performance requirements for hearing protection technologies, and the refinement of strategies to train military personnel on how to use hearing protection in combat environments.
PMID: 27873538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
| Related Articles |
What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-9
Authors: Roberts B, Sun K, Neitzel RL
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse over 700,000 cross-sectional measurements from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MHSA) and develop statistical models to predict noise exposure for a worker.
DESIGN: Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Two linear regression models were used to predict noise exposure based on MSHA-permissible exposure limit (PEL) and action level (AL), respectively. Twofold cross validation was used to compare the exposure estimates from the models to actual measurement. The mean difference and t-statistic was calculated for each job title to determine whether the model predictions were significantly different from the actual data.
STUDY SAMPLE: Measurements were acquired from MSHA through a Freedom of Information Act request.
RESULTS: From 1979 to 2014, noise exposure has decreased. Measurements taken before the implementation of MSHA's revised noise regulation in 2000 were on average 4.5 dBA higher than after the law was implemented. Both models produced exposure predictions that were less than 1 dBA different than the holdout data.
CONCLUSION: Overall noise levels in mines have been decreasing. However, this decrease has not been uniform across all mining sectors. The exposure predictions from the model will be useful to help predict hearing loss in workers in the mining industry.
PMID: 27871188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Development and psychometric properties of the sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ).
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-12
Authors: Meis M, Huber R, Fischer RL, Schulte M, Spilski J, Meister H
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was, based on the individualisation of hearing aids (HA) and pre-sets for audio devices, to develop a questionnaire to determine the basis for profiling sound preferences and hearing habits to gather additional information usable for HA fitting and adjustment tools for audio-devices.
METHODS: We developed a questionnaire consisting of 46 items. A postal survey was conducted with N = 622 users with a mean age of 66 years (47.9% aided with HA, 45.7% female).
RESULTS: Seven factors were identified by means of Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses: F1: 'Annoyance/distraction by background noise', F2: 'Importance of sound quality', F3: 'Noise Sensitivity', F4: 'Avoidance of unpredictable sounds', F5: 'Openness towards loud/new sounds', F6: 'Preferences for warm sounds', and F7: 'Details of environmental sounds/music'. Only the first of these factors was related to the audiogram of the user. No difference with any of the factors could be observed with HA use/non-use. In contrast, gender effects were found with female respondents preferring warm sounds and being more sensitive to noise.
CONCLUSIONS: The sound preference and hearing habits questionnaire (SP-HHQ) is a usable tool for profiling the users with respect to sound preferences relevant for HA fitting and pre-sets for audio devices.
PMID: 27875658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Völker C, Ernst SM, Kollmeier B
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A generalised concept for hearing aid fitting and fine-tuning based on estimated individual traits is presented along first implementations in this report.
DESIGN: To estimate the individual traits, a set of auditory model-based performance measures is used to generate promising candidates within the algorithm's parameter space for a subsequent subjective rating. For the subjective assessment, a fast and intuitive multi-stimulus test denoted as combined discrimination and classification (CoDiCl) is presented to capture user preferences for an optimised setting.
STUDY SAMPLE: The estimation of individual traits is shown in an exemplary manner for a multidimensional coherence-based noise reduction algorithm. The dimensionality reduction was performed using differently weighted combinations of speech intelligibility index (SII) and perceived similarity measure (PSM).
RESULTS: Nine reasonable alternative algorithm setting candidates were extracted from a model-optimised exploration path (MOEP) for a subsequent subjective rating to potentially differentiate between listeners with different attitudes towards noise suppression and introduced distortions (i.e. "noise haters" and "distortion haters").
CONCLUSIONS: By iteratively improving the agreement between subjective and objective assessment, an objective estimation of subjective traits using appropriate weightings of objective measures may become possible. This will potentially help to efficiently fit modern multidimensional hearing aid algorithms to the individual user.
PMID: 27873543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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via IFTTT
The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
The effects of elevated hearing thresholds on performance in a paintball simulation of individual dismounted combat.
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-7
Authors: Sheffield B, Brungart D, Tufts J, Ness J
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between hearing acuity and operational performance in simulated dismounted combat.
DESIGN: Individuals wearing hearing loss simulation systems competed in a paintball-based exercise where the objective was to be the last player remaining. Four hearing loss profiles were tested in each round (no hearing loss, mild, moderate and severe) and four rounds were played to make up a match. This allowed counterbalancing of simulated hearing loss across participants.
STUDY SAMPLE: Forty-three participants across two data collection sites (Fort Detrick, Maryland and the United States Military Academy, New York). All participants self-reported normal hearing except for two who reported mild hearing loss.
RESULTS: Impaired hearing had a greater impact on the offensive capabilities of participants than it did on their "survival", likely due to the tendency for individuals with simulated impairment to adopt a more conservative behavioural strategy than those with normal hearing.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results provide valuable insights into the impact of impaired hearing on combat effectiveness, with implications for the development of improved auditory fitness-for-duty standards, the establishment of performance requirements for hearing protection technologies, and the refinement of strategies to train military personnel on how to use hearing protection in combat environments.
PMID: 27873538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
| Related Articles |
What can 35 years and over 700,000 measurements tell us about noise exposure in the mining industry?
Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov 22;:1-9
Authors: Roberts B, Sun K, Neitzel RL
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse over 700,000 cross-sectional measurements from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MHSA) and develop statistical models to predict noise exposure for a worker.
DESIGN: Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Two linear regression models were used to predict noise exposure based on MSHA-permissible exposure limit (PEL) and action level (AL), respectively. Twofold cross validation was used to compare the exposure estimates from the models to actual measurement. The mean difference and t-statistic was calculated for each job title to determine whether the model predictions were significantly different from the actual data.
STUDY SAMPLE: Measurements were acquired from MSHA through a Freedom of Information Act request.
RESULTS: From 1979 to 2014, noise exposure has decreased. Measurements taken before the implementation of MSHA's revised noise regulation in 2000 were on average 4.5 dBA higher than after the law was implemented. Both models produced exposure predictions that were less than 1 dBA different than the holdout data.
CONCLUSION: Overall noise levels in mines have been decreasing. However, this decrease has not been uniform across all mining sectors. The exposure predictions from the model will be useful to help predict hearing loss in workers in the mining industry.
PMID: 27871188 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Quantitative Analysis of Supporting Cell Subtype Labeling Among CreER Lines in the Neonatal Mouse Cochlea
ABSTRACT
Four CreER lines that are commonly used in the auditory field to label cochlear supporting cells (SCs) are expressed in multiple SC subtypes, with some lines also showing reporter expression in hair cells (HCs). We hypothesized that altering the tamoxifen dose would modify CreER expression and target subsets of SCs. We also used two different reporter lines, ROSA26 tdTomato and CAG-eGFP, to achieve the same goal. Our results confirm previous reports that Sox2 CreERT2 and Fgfr3-iCreER T2 are not only expressed in neonatal SCs but also in HCs. Decreasing the tamoxifen dose did not reduce HC expression for Sox2 CreERT2 , but changing to the CAG-eGFP reporter decreased reporter-positive HCs sevenfold. However, there was also a significant decrease in the number of reporter-positive SCs. In contrast, there was a large reduction in reporter-positive HCs in Fgfr3-iCreER T2 mice with the lowest tamoxifen dose tested yet only limited reduction in SC labeling. The targeting of reporter expression to inner phalangeal and border cells was increased when Plp-CreER T2 was paired with the CAG-eGFP reporter; however, the total number of labeled cells decreased. Changes to the tamoxifen dose or reporter line with Prox1 CreERT2 caused minimal changes. Our data demonstrate that modifications to the tamoxifen dose or the use of different reporter lines may be successful in narrowing the numbers and/or types of cells labeled, but each CreER line responded differently. When the ROSA26 tdTomato reporter was combined with any of the four CreER lines, there was no difference in the number of tdTomato-positive cells after one or two injections of tamoxifen given at birth. Thus, tamoxifen-mediated toxicity could be reduced by only giving one injection. While the CAG-eGFP reporter consistently labeled fewer cells, both reporter lines are valuable depending on the goal of the study.
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