[Rehabilitation of a child with a cochlear implant: the «initial point» of new auditory abilities].

Related Articles

[Rehabilitation of a child with a cochlear implant: the «initial point» of new auditory abilities].

Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2016;81(6):58-61

Authors: Kukushkina OI, Goncharova EL

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to consider the key issue of the method of successful pedagogical rehabilitation of the children after cochlear implantation (CI) developed at the Institute of Special Education, i.e. what should be considered the «initial point» of new auditory abilities for a child carrying a cochlear implant. It was shown that the definition of the «initial point» depends on the understanding of early auditory ontogenesis, success of implantation surgery, accurate connection of the speech-processor and its correct initial adjustment. However, the analysis of the practical experience demonstrated that the majority of the children are unable to benefit from the new opportunities on their own. They need a special support by the teacher of the deaf and the family members for «launching» the new auditory abilities. Both the content and the effectiveness of this work depend on the understanding of early auditory ontogenesis and the skills of the teacher of the deaf. A new approach to the rehabilitation of the children with cochlear implants is proposed based on the interpretation of early auditory ontogenesis in the context of the formation and complication of the emotional communication of a child with the adult relatives. In the frame of the proposed approach to the rehabilitation of the children with cochlear implants, the «initial point» of new auditory abilities is the initiation of an emotional dialogue with the adult relatives on a new sensory basis. This «initial point» is common for different groups of children with an exclusion of deaf children with cochlear implants retaining the ability for the emotional communication with the relatives. In such children, the «initial point» is the point of ontogenesis at which the communication with the environment on the comprehensive sensory foundation was interrupted.

PMID: 28091479 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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[Four sessions of the work of a teacher of deaf at the initial stage of rehabilitation of a child with a cochlear implant].

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[Four sessions of the work of a teacher of deaf at the initial stage of rehabilitation of a child with a cochlear implant].

Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2016;81(6):54-57

Authors: Sataeva AI

Abstract
PURPOSE: To present the system of the teacher of the deaf work with a child with CI and their family at the initial rehabilitation stage aimed at reorganization of interaction between the child with CI and his family and transition of the child to the way of natural development.
RESULTS: The paper presents a brief description of the teacher of the deaf systematic work at the initial rehabilitation stage, which includes four work sessions of the teacher, during which the logic of normal development of a hearing child during the first year of their life is reproduced. The main difficulties in interaction with a child with CI, faced by their parents are described. Indicators of completion of each session with a child with CI and their parents are specified. There is noted that 90 children passed to the way of natural development of communication and speech with their relatives and parents sought to improve their interaction with the children.
CONCLUSION: The system of the teacher of the deaf work with children after CI surgery, developed in the Institute of Special Education of the Russian Academy of Education, allows to reconstruct interaction between the child and their parents on a normal sensory basis and for a child with CI to pass to the way of natural development of their communication and speech as early age hearing children do.

PMID: 28091478 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The Discovery of Water Channels (Aquaporins).

The Discovery of Water Channels (Aquaporins).

Ann Nutr Metab. 2017 Jun 15;70 Suppl 1:37-42

Authors: Brown D

Abstract
The movement of water into and out of cells is a fundamental biological process that is essential for life. Such water movement not only regulates the activity of individual cells but also is responsible for the functioning of many organ systems and for maintaining whole body water balance. It had long been suspected that water movement across biological cell membranes was in some way enhanced or facilitated by pores or channels, but the search to identify these channels was long and tedious. As is often the case in science, the secret of the water channel was eventually discovered by chance in 1992 by Peter Agre and his colleagues at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, who were working on red blood cell membrane proteins. This "first" water channel was originally named CHIP28 and is now known as aquaporin 1. Agre received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2003 for this discovery. There are currently 13 known aquaporins in mammals, distributed in most tissues, but many more have been identified in lower organisms and in the plant kingdom. The involvement of aquaporins in processes such as urinary concentration and body fluid homeostasis, brain function, glandular secretion, skin hydration, male fertility, hearing, vision, and most important body functions that can be imagined are now all under intense scientific scrutiny. Moreover, defects in aquaporin function have been related to various disease conditions and pathological states. This brief review will discuss their background, discovery, and function in selected bodily processes, especially focusing on hydration.

PMID: 28614812 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Discovery of Water Channels (Aquaporins).

The Discovery of Water Channels (Aquaporins).

Ann Nutr Metab. 2017 Jun 15;70 Suppl 1:37-42

Authors: Brown D

Abstract
The movement of water into and out of cells is a fundamental biological process that is essential for life. Such water movement not only regulates the activity of individual cells but also is responsible for the functioning of many organ systems and for maintaining whole body water balance. It had long been suspected that water movement across biological cell membranes was in some way enhanced or facilitated by pores or channels, but the search to identify these channels was long and tedious. As is often the case in science, the secret of the water channel was eventually discovered by chance in 1992 by Peter Agre and his colleagues at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, who were working on red blood cell membrane proteins. This "first" water channel was originally named CHIP28 and is now known as aquaporin 1. Agre received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2003 for this discovery. There are currently 13 known aquaporins in mammals, distributed in most tissues, but many more have been identified in lower organisms and in the plant kingdom. The involvement of aquaporins in processes such as urinary concentration and body fluid homeostasis, brain function, glandular secretion, skin hydration, male fertility, hearing, vision, and most important body functions that can be imagined are now all under intense scientific scrutiny. Moreover, defects in aquaporin function have been related to various disease conditions and pathological states. This brief review will discuss their background, discovery, and function in selected bodily processes, especially focusing on hydration.

PMID: 28614812 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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