Selecting Appropriate Tests to Assess the Benefits of Bilateral Amplification With Hearing Aids

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral hearing aids (HA) in subjects with mild and moderate-to-severe hearing loss. This study was designed as a within-subject feasibility study. Bilateral HA use was assessed using different laboratory tests on speech reception, listening effort, noise tolerance, and localization. All data were evaluated with bilateral and unilateral HA fittings. Forty experienced bilateral HA users were included with hearing impairment ranging from mild to moderate-to-severe. Subjects were stratified into two groups based on the degree of hearing loss. Speech reception in noise, listening effort, and localization tests showed a bilateral benefit for the moderate-to-severely hearing-impaired subjects. A bilateral benefit was also observed for listening effort in the mildly hearing-impaired group. The assessment of listening effort shows promise as a measure of bilateral HA benefit for mild hearing impairment. Localization and speech reception in noise tests provide additional value for larger losses. The next step is to compare experienced unilateral with bilateral HA users.

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2asPG0L
via IFTTT

Selecting Appropriate Tests to Assess the Benefits of Bilateral Amplification With Hearing Aids

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral hearing aids (HA) in subjects with mild and moderate-to-severe hearing loss. This study was designed as a within-subject feasibility study. Bilateral HA use was assessed using different laboratory tests on speech reception, listening effort, noise tolerance, and localization. All data were evaluated with bilateral and unilateral HA fittings. Forty experienced bilateral HA users were included with hearing impairment ranging from mild to moderate-to-severe. Subjects were stratified into two groups based on the degree of hearing loss. Speech reception in noise, listening effort, and localization tests showed a bilateral benefit for the moderate-to-severely hearing-impaired subjects. A bilateral benefit was also observed for listening effort in the mildly hearing-impaired group. The assessment of listening effort shows promise as a measure of bilateral HA benefit for mild hearing impairment. Localization and speech reception in noise tests provide additional value for larger losses. The next step is to compare experienced unilateral with bilateral HA users.

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2asPG0L
via IFTTT

Selecting Appropriate Tests to Assess the Benefits of Bilateral Amplification With Hearing Aids

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral hearing aids (HA) in subjects with mild and moderate-to-severe hearing loss. This study was designed as a within-subject feasibility study. Bilateral HA use was assessed using different laboratory tests on speech reception, listening effort, noise tolerance, and localization. All data were evaluated with bilateral and unilateral HA fittings. Forty experienced bilateral HA users were included with hearing impairment ranging from mild to moderate-to-severe. Subjects were stratified into two groups based on the degree of hearing loss. Speech reception in noise, listening effort, and localization tests showed a bilateral benefit for the moderate-to-severely hearing-impaired subjects. A bilateral benefit was also observed for listening effort in the mildly hearing-impaired group. The assessment of listening effort shows promise as a measure of bilateral HA benefit for mild hearing impairment. Localization and speech reception in noise tests provide additional value for larger losses. The next step is to compare experienced unilateral with bilateral HA users.

from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2asPG0L
via IFTTT

Reliability of 3D Gait Data across Multiple Laboratories

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Kenton Kaufman, Emily Miller, Trevor Kingsbury, Elizabeth Russell Esposito, Erik Wolf, Jason Wilken, Marilynn Wyatt
The aim of this study was to analyze the repeatability of gait analysis studies performed across multiple trials, sessions, and laboratories. Ten healthy participants (6 male/4 female, mean age of 30, mean BMI of 24kg/m²) were assessed in 3 sessions conducted at each of the three Centers of Excellence for Amputee Care within the Department of Defense. For each test session, kinematic and kinetic parameters were collected during five walking trials for each limb. One independent examiner at each site placed markers on the subjects. Biomechanical data were collected at two walking speeds: self-selected and Froude speed. Variability of the gait data was attributed to inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-lab errors for each subject. These error sources were averaged across all ten subjects to obtain a pooled error estimate. The kinematic errors were fairly consistent at the two walking speeds tested. Median inter-lab kinematic errors were<5.0degrees (median 2.3 degrees) for all joint angle measurements. However, the kinetic error differed significantly between walking speeds. The median inter-lab kinetic error for the self-selected speed was 0.112 Nm/kg (ICR 0.091-0.184) with a maximum of 0.226 Nm/kg. The errors were greatly reduced when the subjects walked at their Froude speed. The median inter-lab error was 0.048 Nm/kg (ICR 0.025–0.078, maximum 0.086). These data demonstrate that it is possible to get reliable data across multiple gait laboratories, particularly when gait speed is standardized across testing sessions. A key similarity between sites was the use of identical anatomical segment definitions for the respective gait models.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8smqV
via IFTTT

Toddle temporal-spatial deviation index: Assessment of pediatric gait

Publication date: September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 49
Author(s): Katelyn Cahill-Rowley, Jessica Rose
This research aims to develop a gait index for use in the pediatric clinic as well as research, that quantifies gait deviation in 18–22 month-old children: the Toddle Temporal-spatial Deviation Index (Toddle TDI). 81 preterm children (≤32 weeks) with very-low-birth-weights (≤1500g) and 42 full-term TD children aged 18–22 months, adjusted for prematurity, walked on a pressure-sensitive mat. Preterm children were administered the Bayley Scales of Infant Development—3rd Edition (BSID-III). Principle component analysis of TD children’s temporal-spatial gait parameters quantified raw gait deviation from typical, normalized to an average(standard deviation) Toddle TDI score of 100(10), and calculated for all participants. The Toddle TDI was significantly lower for preterm versus TD children (86 vs. 100, p=0.003), and lower in preterm children with <85 vs. ≥85 BSID-III motor composite scores (66 vs. 89, p=0.004). The Toddle TDI, which by design plateaus at typical average (BSID-III gross motor 8–12), correlated with BSID-III gross motor (r=0.60, p<0.001) and not fine motor (r=0.08, p=0.65) in preterm children with gross motor scores ≤8, suggesting sensitivity to gross motor development. The Toddle TDI demonstrated sensitivity and specificity to gross motor function in very-low-birth-weight preterm children aged 18–22 months, and has been potential as an easily-administered, revealing clinical gait metric.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhORV
via IFTTT

Is passive metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness related to leg stiffness, vertical stiffness and running economy during sub-maximal running?

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Hok Sum Man, Wing Kai Lam, Justin Lee, Catherine M. Capio, Aaron Kam Lun Leung
This study examined whether passive metatarsophalangeal joints (MPJ) stiffness was associated with leg stiffness (Kleg) vertical stiffness (Kvert) and running economy (RE) during sub-maximal running. Nine male experienced runners underwent passive MPJ stiffness measurements in standing and sitting positions followed by sub-maximal running on an instrumented treadmill. With the individual foot position properly aligned, the MPJ passive stiffness in both sitting (MPJsit) and standing positions (MPJstand) were measured with a computerized dynamometer. Data were collected at a running speed of 2.78m/s, representing a stabilized level of energy expenditure. Pedar pressure insole was used to determine the contact time (tc) and peak reaction force for the calculation of Kleg and Kvert. A respiratory gas analysis system was used to estimate the RE. Bivariate correlation test was performed to examine the correlation among MPJ stiffness, contact time, Kleg, Kvert, and RE. The results showed that MPJsit and MPJstand were inversely correlated with RE (p=0.04, r=−0.68 to −0.69), suggesting that stiffer MPJ improves RE. In addition, MPJsit was correlated positively with Kleg (p<0.01, r=0.87),Kvert (p=0.03, r=0.70) but inversely with tc (p=0.02, r=−0.76), while MPJstand was correlated positively with the Kvert (p=0.02, r=0.77). These findings suggested that strength of toe plantar flexors provides stability and agility in the stance phase for more effective and faster forward movement.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8rOBk
via IFTTT

Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Anna Cronström, Mark W. Creaby, Jenny Älmqvist Nae, Eva Ageberg
BackgroundIncreased knee abduction during weight-bearing activities is suggested to be a contributing factor for the high knee injury risk reported in women. However, studies investigating gender difference in knee abduction are inconclusive.ObjectiveTo systematically review gender-differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with or without knee injury.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search in the databases Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE was performed until September 2015. Inclusion criteria were studies that reported (1) gender differences, (2) healthy individuals and/or those with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency or reconstruction or patellofemoral pain PFP, and (3) knee abduction assessed with either motion analysis or visual observation during weight-bearing activity.ResultsFifty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Women with PFP had greater peak knee abduction compared to men (Std diff in mean; −1.34, 95%CI; −1.83 to −0.84). In healthy individuals, women performed weight-bearing tasks with greater knee abduction throughout the movement (initial contact, peak abduction, excursion) (Std diff in mean; − 0.68 to −0.79, 95%CI; −1.04 to −0.37). In subgroup analyses by task, differences in knee abduction between genders were present for most tasks, including running, jump landings and cutting movements. There were too few studies in individuals with ACL injury to perform meta-analysis.ConclusionThe gender difference in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities should be considered in training programs aimed at preventing or treating knee injury.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhRgl
via IFTTT

Reliability of 3D Gait Data across Multiple Laboratories

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Kenton Kaufman, Emily Miller, Trevor Kingsbury, Elizabeth Russell Esposito, Erik Wolf, Jason Wilken, Marilynn Wyatt
The aim of this study was to analyze the repeatability of gait analysis studies performed across multiple trials, sessions, and laboratories. Ten healthy participants (6 male/4 female, mean age of 30, mean BMI of 24kg/m²) were assessed in 3 sessions conducted at each of the three Centers of Excellence for Amputee Care within the Department of Defense. For each test session, kinematic and kinetic parameters were collected during five walking trials for each limb. One independent examiner at each site placed markers on the subjects. Biomechanical data were collected at two walking speeds: self-selected and Froude speed. Variability of the gait data was attributed to inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-lab errors for each subject. These error sources were averaged across all ten subjects to obtain a pooled error estimate. The kinematic errors were fairly consistent at the two walking speeds tested. Median inter-lab kinematic errors were<5.0degrees (median 2.3 degrees) for all joint angle measurements. However, the kinetic error differed significantly between walking speeds. The median inter-lab kinetic error for the self-selected speed was 0.112 Nm/kg (ICR 0.091-0.184) with a maximum of 0.226 Nm/kg. The errors were greatly reduced when the subjects walked at their Froude speed. The median inter-lab error was 0.048 Nm/kg (ICR 0.025–0.078, maximum 0.086). These data demonstrate that it is possible to get reliable data across multiple gait laboratories, particularly when gait speed is standardized across testing sessions. A key similarity between sites was the use of identical anatomical segment definitions for the respective gait models.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8smqV
via IFTTT

Toddle temporal-spatial deviation index: Assessment of pediatric gait

Publication date: September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 49
Author(s): Katelyn Cahill-Rowley, Jessica Rose
This research aims to develop a gait index for use in the pediatric clinic as well as research, that quantifies gait deviation in 18–22 month-old children: the Toddle Temporal-spatial Deviation Index (Toddle TDI). 81 preterm children (≤32 weeks) with very-low-birth-weights (≤1500g) and 42 full-term TD children aged 18–22 months, adjusted for prematurity, walked on a pressure-sensitive mat. Preterm children were administered the Bayley Scales of Infant Development—3rd Edition (BSID-III). Principle component analysis of TD children’s temporal-spatial gait parameters quantified raw gait deviation from typical, normalized to an average(standard deviation) Toddle TDI score of 100(10), and calculated for all participants. The Toddle TDI was significantly lower for preterm versus TD children (86 vs. 100, p=0.003), and lower in preterm children with <85 vs. ≥85 BSID-III motor composite scores (66 vs. 89, p=0.004). The Toddle TDI, which by design plateaus at typical average (BSID-III gross motor 8–12), correlated with BSID-III gross motor (r=0.60, p<0.001) and not fine motor (r=0.08, p=0.65) in preterm children with gross motor scores ≤8, suggesting sensitivity to gross motor development. The Toddle TDI demonstrated sensitivity and specificity to gross motor function in very-low-birth-weight preterm children aged 18–22 months, and has been potential as an easily-administered, revealing clinical gait metric.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhORV
via IFTTT

Is passive metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness related to leg stiffness, vertical stiffness and running economy during sub-maximal running?

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Hok Sum Man, Wing Kai Lam, Justin Lee, Catherine M. Capio, Aaron Kam Lun Leung
This study examined whether passive metatarsophalangeal joints (MPJ) stiffness was associated with leg stiffness (Kleg) vertical stiffness (Kvert) and running economy (RE) during sub-maximal running. Nine male experienced runners underwent passive MPJ stiffness measurements in standing and sitting positions followed by sub-maximal running on an instrumented treadmill. With the individual foot position properly aligned, the MPJ passive stiffness in both sitting (MPJsit) and standing positions (MPJstand) were measured with a computerized dynamometer. Data were collected at a running speed of 2.78m/s, representing a stabilized level of energy expenditure. Pedar pressure insole was used to determine the contact time (tc) and peak reaction force for the calculation of Kleg and Kvert. A respiratory gas analysis system was used to estimate the RE. Bivariate correlation test was performed to examine the correlation among MPJ stiffness, contact time, Kleg, Kvert, and RE. The results showed that MPJsit and MPJstand were inversely correlated with RE (p=0.04, r=−0.68 to −0.69), suggesting that stiffer MPJ improves RE. In addition, MPJsit was correlated positively with Kleg (p<0.01, r=0.87),Kvert (p=0.03, r=0.70) but inversely with tc (p=0.02, r=−0.76), while MPJstand was correlated positively with the Kvert (p=0.02, r=0.77). These findings suggested that strength of toe plantar flexors provides stability and agility in the stance phase for more effective and faster forward movement.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8rOBk
via IFTTT

Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Anna Cronström, Mark W. Creaby, Jenny Älmqvist Nae, Eva Ageberg
BackgroundIncreased knee abduction during weight-bearing activities is suggested to be a contributing factor for the high knee injury risk reported in women. However, studies investigating gender difference in knee abduction are inconclusive.ObjectiveTo systematically review gender-differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with or without knee injury.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search in the databases Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE was performed until September 2015. Inclusion criteria were studies that reported (1) gender differences, (2) healthy individuals and/or those with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency or reconstruction or patellofemoral pain PFP, and (3) knee abduction assessed with either motion analysis or visual observation during weight-bearing activity.ResultsFifty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Women with PFP had greater peak knee abduction compared to men (Std diff in mean; −1.34, 95%CI; −1.83 to −0.84). In healthy individuals, women performed weight-bearing tasks with greater knee abduction throughout the movement (initial contact, peak abduction, excursion) (Std diff in mean; − 0.68 to −0.79, 95%CI; −1.04 to −0.37). In subgroup analyses by task, differences in knee abduction between genders were present for most tasks, including running, jump landings and cutting movements. There were too few studies in individuals with ACL injury to perform meta-analysis.ConclusionThe gender difference in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities should be considered in training programs aimed at preventing or treating knee injury.



from #Audiology via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhRgl
via IFTTT

Reliability of 3D Gait Data across Multiple Laboratories

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Kenton Kaufman, Emily Miller, Trevor Kingsbury, Elizabeth Russell Esposito, Erik Wolf, Jason Wilken, Marilynn Wyatt
The aim of this study was to analyze the repeatability of gait analysis studies performed across multiple trials, sessions, and laboratories. Ten healthy participants (6 male/4 female, mean age of 30, mean BMI of 24kg/m²) were assessed in 3 sessions conducted at each of the three Centers of Excellence for Amputee Care within the Department of Defense. For each test session, kinematic and kinetic parameters were collected during five walking trials for each limb. One independent examiner at each site placed markers on the subjects. Biomechanical data were collected at two walking speeds: self-selected and Froude speed. Variability of the gait data was attributed to inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-lab errors for each subject. These error sources were averaged across all ten subjects to obtain a pooled error estimate. The kinematic errors were fairly consistent at the two walking speeds tested. Median inter-lab kinematic errors were<5.0degrees (median 2.3 degrees) for all joint angle measurements. However, the kinetic error differed significantly between walking speeds. The median inter-lab kinetic error for the self-selected speed was 0.112 Nm/kg (ICR 0.091-0.184) with a maximum of 0.226 Nm/kg. The errors were greatly reduced when the subjects walked at their Froude speed. The median inter-lab error was 0.048 Nm/kg (ICR 0.025–0.078, maximum 0.086). These data demonstrate that it is possible to get reliable data across multiple gait laboratories, particularly when gait speed is standardized across testing sessions. A key similarity between sites was the use of identical anatomical segment definitions for the respective gait models.



from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8smqV
via IFTTT

Toddle temporal-spatial deviation index: Assessment of pediatric gait

Publication date: September 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 49
Author(s): Katelyn Cahill-Rowley, Jessica Rose
This research aims to develop a gait index for use in the pediatric clinic as well as research, that quantifies gait deviation in 18–22 month-old children: the Toddle Temporal-spatial Deviation Index (Toddle TDI). 81 preterm children (≤32 weeks) with very-low-birth-weights (≤1500g) and 42 full-term TD children aged 18–22 months, adjusted for prematurity, walked on a pressure-sensitive mat. Preterm children were administered the Bayley Scales of Infant Development—3rd Edition (BSID-III). Principle component analysis of TD children’s temporal-spatial gait parameters quantified raw gait deviation from typical, normalized to an average(standard deviation) Toddle TDI score of 100(10), and calculated for all participants. The Toddle TDI was significantly lower for preterm versus TD children (86 vs. 100, p=0.003), and lower in preterm children with <85 vs. ≥85 BSID-III motor composite scores (66 vs. 89, p=0.004). The Toddle TDI, which by design plateaus at typical average (BSID-III gross motor 8–12), correlated with BSID-III gross motor (r=0.60, p<0.001) and not fine motor (r=0.08, p=0.65) in preterm children with gross motor scores ≤8, suggesting sensitivity to gross motor development. The Toddle TDI demonstrated sensitivity and specificity to gross motor function in very-low-birth-weight preterm children aged 18–22 months, and has been potential as an easily-administered, revealing clinical gait metric.



from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhORV
via IFTTT

Is passive metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness related to leg stiffness, vertical stiffness and running economy during sub-maximal running?

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Hok Sum Man, Wing Kai Lam, Justin Lee, Catherine M. Capio, Aaron Kam Lun Leung
This study examined whether passive metatarsophalangeal joints (MPJ) stiffness was associated with leg stiffness (Kleg) vertical stiffness (Kvert) and running economy (RE) during sub-maximal running. Nine male experienced runners underwent passive MPJ stiffness measurements in standing and sitting positions followed by sub-maximal running on an instrumented treadmill. With the individual foot position properly aligned, the MPJ passive stiffness in both sitting (MPJsit) and standing positions (MPJstand) were measured with a computerized dynamometer. Data were collected at a running speed of 2.78m/s, representing a stabilized level of energy expenditure. Pedar pressure insole was used to determine the contact time (tc) and peak reaction force for the calculation of Kleg and Kvert. A respiratory gas analysis system was used to estimate the RE. Bivariate correlation test was performed to examine the correlation among MPJ stiffness, contact time, Kleg, Kvert, and RE. The results showed that MPJsit and MPJstand were inversely correlated with RE (p=0.04, r=−0.68 to −0.69), suggesting that stiffer MPJ improves RE. In addition, MPJsit was correlated positively with Kleg (p<0.01, r=0.87),Kvert (p=0.03, r=0.70) but inversely with tc (p=0.02, r=−0.76), while MPJstand was correlated positively with the Kvert (p=0.02, r=0.77). These findings suggested that strength of toe plantar flexors provides stability and agility in the stance phase for more effective and faster forward movement.



from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2a8rOBk
via IFTTT

Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Anna Cronström, Mark W. Creaby, Jenny Älmqvist Nae, Eva Ageberg
BackgroundIncreased knee abduction during weight-bearing activities is suggested to be a contributing factor for the high knee injury risk reported in women. However, studies investigating gender difference in knee abduction are inconclusive.ObjectiveTo systematically review gender-differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with or without knee injury.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search in the databases Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE was performed until September 2015. Inclusion criteria were studies that reported (1) gender differences, (2) healthy individuals and/or those with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency or reconstruction or patellofemoral pain PFP, and (3) knee abduction assessed with either motion analysis or visual observation during weight-bearing activity.ResultsFifty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Women with PFP had greater peak knee abduction compared to men (Std diff in mean; −1.34, 95%CI; −1.83 to −0.84). In healthy individuals, women performed weight-bearing tasks with greater knee abduction throughout the movement (initial contact, peak abduction, excursion) (Std diff in mean; − 0.68 to −0.79, 95%CI; −1.04 to −0.37). In subgroup analyses by task, differences in knee abduction between genders were present for most tasks, including running, jump landings and cutting movements. There were too few studies in individuals with ACL injury to perform meta-analysis.ConclusionThe gender difference in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities should be considered in training programs aimed at preventing or treating knee injury.



from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2anhRgl
via IFTTT

A Mosaicking Approach for In Vivo Thickness Mapping of the Human Tympanic Membrane Using Low Coherence Interferometry

Abstract

The thickness of the human tympanic membrane (TM) is known to vary considerably across different regions of the TM. Quantitative determination of the thickness distribution and mapping of the TM is of significant importance in hearing research, particularly in mathematical modeling of middle-ear dynamics. Change in TM thickness is also associated with several middle-ear pathologies. Determination of the TM thickness distribution could therefore also enable a more comprehensive diagnosis of various otologic diseases. Despite its importance, very limited data on human TM thickness distribution, obtained almost exclusively from ex vivo samples, are available in the literature. In this study, the thickness distribution for the in vivo human TM is reported for the first time. A hand-held imaging system, which combines a low coherence interferometry (LCI) technique for single-point thickness measurement, with video-otoscopy for recording the image of the TM, was used to collect the data used in this study. Data were acquired by pointing the imaging probe over different regions of the TM, while simultaneously recording the LCI and concomitant TM surface video image data from an average of 500 locations on the TM. TM thickness distribution maps were obtained by mapping the LCI imaging sites onto an anatomically accurate wide-field image of the TM, which was generated by mosaicking the sequence of multiple small field-of-view video-otoscopy images. Descriptive statistics of the thickness measurements obtained from the different regions of the TM are presented, and the general thickness distribution trends are discussed.

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2abw6Th
via IFTTT