How Often Does Stapedectomy for Otosclerosis Result in Endolymphatic Hydrops?

Objectives: 1) To evaluate the long-term (≥10 year) clinical incidence of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) after stapedectomy for otosclerosis, using low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFSNHL) as a marker for EH. 2) To determine the histologic incidence of EH in human temporal bone specimens (TBS) with a history of stapedectomy for otosclerosis. 3) To determine the histologic incidence of EH in a control group of human TBS. Study Design: Retrospective review and temporal bone study. Setting: Tertiary medical center and temporal bone pathology laboratory. Patients: Patients with otosclerosis, human TBS with otosclerosis, and human TBS with presbycusis as the control group. Intervention: Pure-tone audiometry, temporal bone pathology. Main Outcome Measures: 1) LFSNHL, defined as >10 decibel elevation of bone conduction thresholds at 250 and 500 Hz, after correcting for age-related hearing loss (per ISO 7029). 2) Histologic assessment of EH. Results: In patients with otosclerosis, 8 of 110 (7.3%) operated patients versus 3 of 123 (2.4%) nonoperated patients developed LFSNHL (p = 0.08). No patients with LFSNHL had other symptoms of EH. In TBS with otosclerosis, 11 of 93 (11.8%) operated TBS versus 3 of 156 (1.9%) nonoperated TBS had evidence of EH (p 

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