Development of Insertion Models Predicting Cochlear Implant Electrode Position.

Objectives: To assess the possibility to define a preferable range for electrode array insertion depth and surgical insertion distance for which frequency mismatch is minimalized. To develop a surgical insertion guidance tool by which a preferred target angle can be attained using preoperative available anatomical data and surgically controllable insertion distance. Design: Multiplanar reconstructions of pre- and post-operative CT scans were evaluated in a population of 336 patients implanted with the CII HiFocus1 or HiFocus1J implant (26 bilaterally implantees included). Cochlear radial distances were measured on four measurement axes on the preoperative CT scan. Electrode contact positions were obtained in angular depth, distance from the round window and to the modiolus center. Frequency mismatch was calculated based on the yielded frequency as a function of the angular position per contact. Cochlear diameters were clustered into three cochlear size groups with K-sample clustering. Using spiral fitting and general linear regression modeling, the feasibility of different insertion models with cochlear size measures and surgical insertion as input parameters was analyzed. The final developed model was internally validated with bootstrapping to calculate the optimism-corrected R2. Results: Frequency mismatch was minimalized for surgical insertion of 6.7 mm and insertion depth of 484[degrees]. Cochlear size clusters were derived consisting of a "small" (N = 117), "medium" (N = 171), and "large" (N = 74) cluster with mean insertion depths of 506[degrees], 480[degrees], and 441[degrees], respectively. The relation between surgical insertion (LE16) and insertion depth ([theta]E1) differed significantly between the three clusters (p

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