Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale

Une tumeur sous-muqueuse de la base de langue Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): A. Ko, C.-L. Hyun, G.-C. Lim

Vésicules endobuccales, pharyngées et laryngées unilatérales Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): L. Alciato, P. Bonfils, F. Rubin

Les pharyngotomies latérales Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): O. Laccourreye, A. Villeneuve, F. Rubin, C.F. Holsinger Résumé Dans cette note technique, les auteurs précisent, au vu des données de la littérature médicale scientifique, les points techniques clefs, les variantes, les erreurs à éviter, ainsi que les principaux résultats fonctionnels des pharyngotomies latérales dans les cancers dont le point de départ se situe au niveau de l'oro et/ou de l'hypopharynx.

Chirurgie de l'hypophyse par abord transnasal transseptal sous guidage endoscopique Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): V. Favier, J. Boetto, C. Cartier, F. Segnarbieux, L. Crampette Résumé La chirurgie de l'hypophyse est réalisée par voie transsphénoïdale dans l'immense majorité des cas. Les méthodes ont varié au fil du temps. Les voies transseptales par une incision muqueuse sous-labiale ou par une incision muqueuse nasale, sous contrôle microscopique, ont été largement utilisées. L'usage de l'endoscope par voie transnasale a été décrit dans les années 1990. Il s'est ensuivi la conception que l'abord transseptal était attaché à l'usage du microscope et que l'abord endoscopique se faisait par la voie endonasale stricte. Nous utilisons la voie transseptale transsphénoïdale, par abord muqueux nasal, intégralement guidée par endoscopie, tant pour l'abord que pour l'exérèse. Cette technique présente à nos yeux de nombreux avantages : abord strictement médian de la selle turcique, large champ opératoire, absence de conflit d'instruments et peu complications nasales.

Lipomes cervicaux symptomatiques Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): Y. Najaf, C. Cartier, V. Favier, R. Garrel Résumé Introduction Les lipomes sont des tumeurs bénignes fréquentes, que l'on retrouve dans l'ensemble du corps humain ; une minorité d'entre elles est située au niveau de la tête et du cou. Résumé du cas clinique Dans cet article, nous décrivons trois différents cas illustrés de lipomes cervicaux symptomatiques. Les diagnostics différentiels et les thérapeutiques y sont discutés à la lumière de la littérature médicale sur ce sujet. Discussion Les lipomes cervicaux ont en règle générale une croissance lente et peuvent être responsables de symptômes divers tels qu'une dysphagie, une dyspnée ou une dysphonie liées à un effet de masse, ou bien être uniquement révélés par une gêne esthétique. Il est important de garder en mémoire le potentiel de transformation maligne des lipomes, qui représente un challenge diagnostique. Dans cet article, nous avons essayé de mettre en évidence la nécessité d'un dialogue entre chirurgiens, anatomopathologistes et radiologues pour le diagnostic et la prise en charge des lipomes de la tête et du cou.

Récidive de lichen plan hypertrophique du méat auditif externe Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): A. Košec, M. Kostić, J. Ajduk, M. Ries Résumé Introduction Nous rapportons un cas de lichen plan hypertrophique primitif évolutif unilatéral du méat auditif externe ayant nécessité plusieurs interventions chirurgicales pour traiter un prurit permanent, une otorrhée, une sténose et une hypoacousie de transmission. Résumé du cas Patiente de 58 ans initialement traitée par méatoplastie pour suspicion d'otite externe oblitérante chronique. Après un intervalle libre asymptomatique de 5 ans, la maladie a récidivé localement avec atteinte d'autres surfaces corporelles. L'otorrhée, l'hypoacousie de transmission et le prurit se sont aggravés, et une mastoïdectomie en technique ouverte a été réalisée, avec résection complète de la peau du méat auditif externe et de la membrane tympanique. Le diagnostic de lichen plan a été confirmé par l'analyse histopathologique. Discussion Très peu de résultats chirurgicaux concernant la sténose du méat auditif externe causée par le lichen plan ont été publiés. Un décollement et une exérèse complète de la peau de la portion médiale du méat auditif externe, suivie d'une greffe dermo-épidermique sont recommandés en traitement initial. Nous discutons des options thérapeutiques et du résultat chirurgical après échec de la chirurgie initiale.

Sinusite invasive à Scedosporium Apiospermum révélée par un abcès extradural Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): N. Khoueir, B. Verillaud, P. Herman Résumé Introduction La rhinosinusite fongique invasive chronique (RSFIC) est une entité rare qui affecte généralement les sujets immunodéprimés. L'agent pathogène le plus fréquemment retrouvé est Aspergillus. Elle prend le plus souvent à l'imagerie la forme d'une pathologie agressive pseudotumorale. Nous présentons un cas de RSFIC à Scedosporium Apiospermum (S. Apiospermum) avec une présentation clinique et radiologique atypique. Résumé du cas Un homme immunocompétent âgé de 72 ans présentait des céphalées chroniques, des cervicalgies et une limitation bilatérale dans le regard latéral. L'imagerie révélait une pathologie sphénoïdale gauche isolée avec des remaniements osseux importants et un abcès extradural en regard du clivus. Une sphénoïdotomie endoscopique large avec rhinopharyngectomie de type II était réalisée et le diagnostic de RSFIC à S. Apiospermum était posé sur les données de l'histologie et de la culture fongique. Le patient refusait tout traitement médical. Il n'y avait pas de récidive après 1 an de suivi. Discussion S. Apiospermum est un germe rarement isolé dans la RSIFC. Notre cas était révélé par une présentation clinique atypique incluant une infection sphénoïdale isolée compliquée par une paralysie bilatérale du VI et un abcès extradural. L'imagerie était également inhabituelle, prenant plutôt l'aspect d'une dysplasie fibreuse ou d'une ostéomyélite bactérienne que l'aspect pseudotumoral typique. Le patient était traité avec succès par chirurgie seule, qui pourrait donc être suffisante chez les sujets immunocompétents.

Épiglottopexie par puncture transcutanée pour prolapsus de l'épiglotte en cas de laryngomalacie sévère. Une nouvelle technique Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): H. Álvarez-Neri, P. Villamor, E. Ortiz, J.-P. Grub Résumé Introduction La laryngomalacie (LM) est la première cause de stridor chez le nourrisson et le jeune enfant. Chez 10 à 20 % des patients atteints de LM, une chirurgie peut être nécessaire en cas de symptômes sévères. La supraglottoplastie est la chirurgie la plus répandue pour traiter la LM sévère mais elle ne suffit pas en cas de bascule rostrocaudale de l'épiglotte contre la paroi pharyngée postérieure. Résumé du cas clinique Nous rapportons le cas d'un nourrisson de 2 mois atteint de laryngomalacie sévère avec un collapsus glottique majeur de l'épiglotte entraînant une obstruction secondaire des voies aériennes, des troubles de la déglutition et un retard de croissance staturopondérale. Une épiglottopexie par puncture transcutanée a été réalisée avec un résultat satisfaisant. Avec un recul de 2 ans, le patient est resté asymptomatique sans aucun événement indésirable. Discussion L'obstruction glottique secondaire à un collapsus postérieur de l'épiglotte est le type de laryngomalacie le plus sévère entraînant des symptômes respiratoires graves et un retard de croissance staturopondérale. L'épiglottopexie par puncture transcutanée est une nouvelle technique, peu onéreuse car elle ne nécessite pas de matériel spécifique et peut être réalisée par laryngoscopie en suspension. Elle peut être pratiquée seule ou en association avec une supraglottoplastie traditionnelle.

Lipomatose cervico-dorsale révélant un syndrome MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers) Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): F. Carré, R. Hervochon, C. Foirest, F. Tankéré Résumé Introduction Les patients atteints d'un syndrome MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers) présentent principalement une encéphalo-myopathie. La lipomatose, rarement présente, est de localisation cervico-dorsale, progressive et récidivante. Cas clinique Nous rapportons 4 cas cliniques présentant l'association d'une lipomatose au syndrome MERRF. Chez 3 patients, le diagnostic de syndrome MERRF a pu être réalisé du fait de la présentation clinique lipomateuse et grâce à l'interrogatoire retrouvant des antécédents personnels ou familiaux de lipomes et de myopathie. Discussion La présence d'une lipomatose axiale extensive doit faire rechercher d'autres signes cliniques du syndrome MERRF chez le patient ou sa famille. Les enjeux diagnostiques sont liés au conseil génétique.

Recommandations de la SFORL (version courte) sur les malformations lymphatiques cervicales de l'adulte et de l'enfant : le diagnostic Publication date: April 2019 Source: Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 136, Issue 2 Author(s): J. Lerat, A. Bisdorff-Bresson, M. Borsic, C. Chopinet, V. Couloignier, N. Fakhry, P. Fayoux, F. Jegoux, A. Larralde, N. Leboulanger, R. Nicollas, S. Pondaven Letourmy, Groupe de travail de la SFORL Résumé Objectif Les auteurs exposent les recommandations de la SFORL concernant le diagnostic des malformations lymphatiques cervicales de l'adulte et de l'enfant. Méthodes À partir de la revue de la littérature scientifique et de l'expérience d'un groupe de travail multidisciplinaire, des recommandations ont été rédigées, puis relues par un groupe de lecture indépendant, et finalisées dans une réunion de coordination. Les recommandations proposées ont été classées en grade A, B, C ou accord professionnel selon un niveau de preuve scientifique décroissant. Résultats Il est recommandé de faire un examen clinique ORL complet afin d'identifier les lésions à risque de complications ou de mauvais pronostic. Il est recommandé, en cas de doute diagnostique pour les lésions latéro-cervicales et du plancher buccal, de réaliser une cytoponction avant une décision thérapeutique. Il est recommandé d'utiliser une ou plusieurs des classifications validées pour évaluer l'efficacité des traitements et suivre l'évolution de la maladie. Il est recommandé, afin d'améliorer la fiabilité du diagnostic anténatal d'associer IRM et échographie. Il est recommandé dans le cadre du diagnostic anténatal d'évaluer de façon précise l'extension locorégionale d'une malformation lymphatique cervicale afin d'en estimer le pronostic, et de rechercher systématiquement des malformations associées afin de guider les propositions thérapeutiques.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

Oral Biology

BMP4 mutations in tooth agenesis and low bone mass Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Miao Yu, Hao Wang, Zhuangzhuang Fan, Chencheng Xie, Haochen Liu, Yang Liu, Dong Han, Sing-Wai Wong, Hailan Feng Abstract Objective To identify an uncommon genetic cause of tooth agenesis (TA) by utilizing whole exome sequencing (WES) and targeted Sanger sequencing in a cohort of 120 patients with isolated TA. Design One deleterious mutation in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) was identified in 6 unrelated patients with TA by WES. After that, the coding exons of BMP4 were examined in 114 TA patients using Sanger sequencing. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to measure the bone mineral density of patients who carried a BMP4 mutation. Finally, preliminary functional studies of two BMP4 mutants were performed. Results We detected 3 novel missense mutations (c.58 G > A: p.Gly20Ser, c.326 G > T: p.Arg109Leu and c.614 T > C: p.Val205Ala) and 1 reported mutation in the BMP4 gene among 120 TA probands. The previously reported BMP4 mutation (c.751C > T: p.His251Tyr) was associated with urethra and eye anomalies. By extending the pedigrees, we determined that the tooth phenotypes had an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, as individuals carrying a BMP4 mutation exhibit different types of dental anomalies. Interestingly, we observed that patients harboring a BMP4 mutation manifested early onset osteopenia or osteoporosis. Further in vitrofunctional assays demonstrated that two BMP4 mutants resulted in a decreased activation of Smad signaling. Therefore, a loss-of-function in BMP4 may contribute to the clinical phenotypes seen in this study. Conclusions We identified 4 mutations in the BMP4 gene in 120 TA patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe human skeletal diseases associated with BMP4 mutations.

Interactions among moderate/severe periodontitis, ADIPOQ-rs1501299, and LEPR-rs1137100 polymorphisms on the risk of type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Xiaojing Cao, Pengcheng Huo, Wenjing Li, Peng Li, Lu He, Huanxin Meng Abstract Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease influenced by genes and the environment. Periodontitis a demonstrated risk factor of T2DM. Previous studies related to gene-environment interactions on the risk of T2DM mainly focused on gene-obesity interactions. However, the impact of gene-periodontitis interaction on the risk of T2DM has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to investigate gene-environment interactions among moderate/severe periodontitis, polymorphisms of adiponectin (ADIPOQ)-rs1501299, and leptin receptor (LEPR)-rs1137100 on T2DM risk in Chinese subjects. Design A case-control study was conducted in 239 Chinese participants from Beijing Hypertension Association Institute (BHAL). After full-mouth periodontal examinations, the participants underwent bilateral buccal swabs for DNA testing. ADIPOQ-rs1501299 and LEPR-rs1137100 were used for genotyping. Generalised multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) and logistic regression were used to examine the interactions among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and moderate/severe periodontitis on the risk of T2DM. Results The risk of T2DM was higher in moderate/severe periodontitis [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.67, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.26–10.71] in ADIPOQ-rs1501299 GG genotype (AOR = 3.42, 95%CI: 1.81–6.46) and LEPR-rs1137100 GG genotype (AOR = 3.16, 95%CI: 1.56–6.39). The GMDR model indicated that there was a significant three-factor model (p = 0.001) involving rs1501299, rs1137100, and moderate/severe periodontitis, demonstrating a potential gene-environment interaction among periodontitis, polymorphisms of rs1501299, and rs1137100 influencing the risk of T2DM. Moderate/severe periodontitis patients with rs1501299-GG and rs1137100-GG have the highest T2DM risk after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, WHR, smoking status, alcohol consumption, economic status, and hypertension (AOR = 20.39, 95%CI: 2.64–157.26). Conclusions Interactions among moderate/severe periodontitis, rs1501299-GG, and rs1137100-GG were associated with an increased risk of T2DM. This study may provide a new insight into the effect of gene-environment interactions on T2DM.

Effect of analogues of cationic peptides on dentin mineralization markers in odontoblast-like cells Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Karina S. Caiaffa, Fernanda G. Basso, Norival A. Santos-Filho, Carlos Alberto de Souza-Costa, Vivien T. Sakai, Eduardo M. Cilli, Cristiane Duque Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of analogues of cationic peptides on the viability and the expression of phenotypic and genotypic markers of dentin mineralization in MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. Materials and methods Cells were exposed to serial dilutions of analogues of cationic peptides hBD-3-1CV and KR-12-a5 compared to peptide LL-37 and their viability was assessed by methyltetrazolium assay. Next, peptides (0.78–62.5 μg/mL) were applied on the MDPC-23 cells for evaluating the total protein (TP) production, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodule deposition. Gene expression of mineralization markers (DSPP and DMP-1) was also determined by quantitative PCR. Results LL-37 and hBD-3-1CV treatment did not affect cellular viability at concentrations below 62.5 μg/mL. KR-12-a5 reduced cell viability above 31.25 μg/mL. TP production was similar for all groups compared with the control group, except by hBD-3-1CV (at 15.62 μg/mL). LL-37 (at 62.5 μg/mL) induced higher ALP activity than control and other experimental groups. LL-37 and hBD-3-1CV, at 62.5 μg/mL and KR-12-a5 at 31.25 μg/mL stimulated the highest deposition of mineralized nodule. Overall, no statistical differences were observed between the groups for DSPP-1 and DMP-1 expressions. Conclusions LL-37 was the only peptide that induced both ALP activity and mineralized nodules deposition, without affecting cell viability. None of peptides tested induced the expression of DSPP or DMP-1, genes commonly involved in active dentin mineralization.

Tooth agenesis-related GLI2 and GLI3 genes may contribute to craniofacial skeletal morphology in humans Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez, Beatriz Dantas, Christian Kirschneck, Juliana Arid, Arthur Cunha, Alice Gomes de Carvalho Ramos, Marjorie Ayumi Omori, Amanda Silva Rodrigues, Ellen Cardoso Teixeira, Simone Carvalho Levy, Agnes Schroeder, Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto, Peter Proff, Lívia Azeredo A. Antunes, Alexandre R. Vieira, Leonardo Santos Antunes, Erika Calvano Küchler Abstract Objective The present cross-sectional, multi-centre, genetic study aimed to determine, whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in tooth agenesis (TA)-associated GLI2 and GLI3 genes contribute to the development of craniofacial skeletal morphology in humans. Design Orthodontic patients from an ethnically heterogeneous population were selected for the present study (n = 594). The presence or absence of TA was determined by analysis of panoramic radiography and dental records. The subjects were classified according to their skeletal malocclusion and facial growth pattern by means of digital cephalometric analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from squamous epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa and SNPs in GLI2 (rs3738880, rs2278741) and GLI3 (rs929387, rs846266) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan chemistry and end-point analysis. Results Class II skeletal malocclusion presented a significantly lower frequency of TA (P < 0.05). Subjects without TA showed significantly higher ANB angles (P < 0.05). Genotype and/or allele distributions of the SNPs in GLI2(rs3738880, rs2278741) and GLI3 (rs846266) were associated with the presence of TA (P < 0.05). The SNPs rs3738880, rs2278741 and rs929387 were also associated with some type of skeletal malocclusion (P < 0.05), but not with the facial growth pattern (P > 0.05). The G allele for TA-related GLI2 rs3738880 was strongly linked to the presence of Class III skeletal malocclusion (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.37–3.03; P<3125 × 10−6). GLI2rs2278741 C allele was overrepresented in individuals without TA, suggesting it as a protective factor for this dental phenotype (OR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.24−0.78; P<625 × 10−5). Conclusion The present study suggests that SNPs in TA-associated GLI2 and GLI3 genes may also play a role in the development of skeletal malocclusions. rs3738880 and rs2278741 in GLI2 seems to contribute to the genetic background for skeletal Class III and TA, respectively. TA could be an additional predictor of craniofacial morphology in some cases. Further research replicating the reported associations should be performed.

WNT10A mutations causing oligodontia Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Haemin Park, Ji-Soo Song, Teo Jeon Shin, Hong-Keun Hyun, Young-Jae Kim, Jung-Wook Kim Abstract Objectives To identify the molecular genetic etiology of the families with non-syndromic multiple missing permanent teeth (oligodontia). Materials and methods Genomic DNA was isolated and measured, and whole-exome sequencing was performed. The obtained sequencing reads were aligned to the human reference genome and subsequently processed by a series of bioinformatics programs. Finally, short insertions/deletions and single nucleotide variations were annotated with dbSNP build 138. Results The proband of family 1 was missing 14 permanent teeth, and the mutational analysis revealed compound heterozygousWNT10A mutations (c.364A > T and c.511C > T). Two affected individuals in family 2 were missing 20 and 12 permanent teeth, respectively, and compound heterozygous WNT10A mutations (c.364A > T and c.637G > A) were also identified. Conclusions This study reveals compound heterozygousWNT10A missense mutations in two families with non-syndromic oligodontia which will improve the understanding of odontogenesis and the pathogenesis related to WNT10Amutations.

The effect of vanillic acid on ligature-induced periodontal disease in Wistar rats Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Ozkan Karatas, Hatice Balci Yuce, Mehmet Murat Taskan, Fikret Gevrek, Fatma Ucan Yarkac, Aslı Keskin, Sukruye Firuze Ocak Karatas, Hulya Toker Abstract Objective Vanillic acid, also known as 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid has a potent effect on bone metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to specify the effects of vanillic acid (VA) on preventing inflammation and bone destruction in experimental periodontitis as inflammatory bone disease. To evaluate the effects of VA, osteoblast, osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts, iNOS, CD68, MMP-1, and TIMP-1 levels were determined. Methods 32 female Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups as; Group 1: healthy control (C, n = 8), group 2: Periodontitis (P, n = 8), group 3: periodontitis and 50 mg/kg VA administered group (P + VA-50, n = 8) and group 4: periodontitis and 100 mg/kg VA delivered group (P + VA-100, n = 8). Ligature-induced experimental periodontitis was carried out at mandibular first molar teeth of the right quadrant by placing submarginal 4-0 silk ligatures. VA was administered by oral gavage for 14 days beginning from the first day. Rats were euthanized on the 15th day. Morphological changes in alveolar bone were evaluated via a stereomicroscope. Mandibles were subjected to histological procedures. Osteoblasts, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase synthesizing osteoclasts and inflammatory cells were counted. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cluster of differentiation (CD)-68, Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, tissue inhibitor of MMP-1, runt-related x factor-2 (RUNX2), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results The rats in the periodontitis group had the highest alveolar bone loss compared to the other groups. Both doses of VA significantly decreased alveolar bone loss but not the control levels. TRAP-positive osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts were also highest in the P group, and both 50 and 100 mg/kg VA reduced these counts. Control rats had the lowest osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts compared to the other groups. Similar to osteoclast counts, MMP-1, iNOS, CD68, and COX-2 expressions were the highest in the P group compared to the other groups. Both doses of VA significantly decreased these levels. Osteoblast cells were higher in the VA groups compared to the control and periodontitis groups. RUNX2 levels were lower in the periodontitis group compared to the control group. A slight increase was also observed in VA groups. However, the difference in the TIMP-1 levels was significant only between P and VA100 groups. Conclusion VA administration successfully ameliorated periodontitis symptoms by decreasing alveolar bone and collagen destruction, periodontal inflammation, and increasing osteoblastic activity.

Interleukin-17 plays a role in pulp inflammation partly by WNT5A protein induction Publication date: July 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 103 Author(s): Mengyu Liu, Yuan Zhao, Chenglin Wang, Haiyun Luo, Peng A, Ling Ye Abstract Objective Our study aimed to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-17 in dental pulp inflammation and the relationship between WNT5A and IL-17. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), WNT5A and IL-17 in pulp tissues. Anti-IL-17 neutralizing antibody was used in rat pulpitis model and to study the role of IL-17 in pulpitis. TNF-α, WNT5A or IL-17 recombinant protein were used to treat human dental pulp cells. RT-PCR, Western blot, and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein. Transwell assay was used to measure the migration of THP-1 cells, which is a human monocytic cell line. Results IL-17 and WNT5A are co-expressed in TNF-α high-expressed region in human and rat pulpitis tissue. IL-17 mainly contributes to its positive regulatory role in inflammation through up regulate cytokines and mediated macrophages migration. Anti-IL-17 neutralizing antibody can suppress the inflammatory cell infiltration and TNF-α expression in dental pulpitis. TNF-α promotes the expression of IL-17 partly through WNT5A and WNT5A regulates IL-17 expression by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-(P38 and ERK) pathway. Conclusions IL-17 acts as an inflammatory mediator in dental pulp inflammation. The expression of IL-17 can be partially regulated by WNT5A.

Effects of 7S globulin 3 derived from the adzuki bean [Vigna angularis] on the CSP- and eDNA- dependent biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans Publication date: June 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 102 Author(s): Hidenobu Senpuku, Shota Mohri, Mamiko Mihara, Toshiaki Arai, Yusuke Suzuki, Yoji Saeki Abstract Objective Streptococcus mutans is a principal bacterium that forms pathogenic biofilm involved in the development of dental caries. S. mutans possesses a quorum sensing system (QS) stimulated by competence stimulating peptide (CSP), which is associated with bacteriocin production, genetic competency and biofilm formation. Inhibiting CSP-dependent QS is one of the aims leading to the inhibition of biofilm formation and is useful for establishing new prevention systems for dental caries. Design In this study, we selected adzuki bean [Vigna angularis] extract as a candidate component to inhibit CSP-dependent biofilm formation among various foods. To purify an inhibitory component from the adzuki extracts, we performed the salting-out method, two rounds of ion-exchange chromatography, and SDS and native PAGE. Results A primary protein band that inhibits CSP-dependent biofilm formation appeared at approximately 50 kDa and was identified as 7S globulin 3 (7S3), a major seed storage protein in adzuki bean. To determine the characteristics of 7S3 as an inhibitory component, aggregated proteins were extracted from the adzuki crude extracts at pH values lower than 6. The aggregated proteins inhibited CSP- and eDNA-dependent biofilm formation and showed 50 kDa band, which is identical with 7S3 in the purified sample. Moreover, 7S globulin 3 in the adzuki bean extract directly interacted with CSP at low pH conditions but not at neutral conditions, and inhibited CSP-dependent bacteriocin production. Conclusion It was suggested that 7S3 might be a safe and useful material to prevent pathogenic activities in the biofilm formation of S. mutans.

Occlusal interference induces oxidative stress and increases the expression of UCP3 in the masseter muscle: A rat model Publication date: June 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 102 Author(s): Donglei Wu, Jing Liu Abstract Objective To determine whether occlusal alteration contributes to masticatory muscle damage by inducing oxidative stress. Design Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, including occlusal interference groups (3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and removal for 3 days) and a sham group. A rat experimental model of occlusal interference was generated by a 0.6-mm unilateral bite-raise. The rats were euthanised for evaluation of histologic changes in the masseter muscles using haematoxylin-eosin staining. To further investigate the role of oxidative stress and uncoupling protein (UCP3) in the development of occlusal dysfunction-induced masseter damage, levels of UCP3 protein were measured by western blot analysis. Results Compared with the sham group, the connective tissue of the masseter muscle was extended partially and inflammatory cells appeared following the induction of malocclusion. With respect to the oxidative stress markers, there were increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content but decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities; furthermore, the expression of UCP3 was upregulated. After eliminating the occlusal interference for 3 days, the degree of inflammation was substantially alleviated, the MDA content decreased, and SOD and GPX activities increased. The expression of UCP3 decreased. Conclusions Occlusal interference induces oxidative stress in the masseter muscle, regulated by UCP3. Overall, these findings have significant implications for the understanding of how occlusal dysfunction causes muscle fatigue and pain.

Effect of dioxin-related compounds on oral pigmentation in patients affected by the Yusho incident Publication date: June 2019 Source: Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 102 Author(s): Goro Kawasaki, Izumi Yoshitomi Abstract Background/aim Toxins such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins dramatically affect patients even decades after exposure. Patients with Yusho, a condition caused by exposure to PCBs and dioxins, have diverse mental and physical complaints, even though it is almost 50 years since the Yusho incident. Oral pigmentation is one of the major symptoms in Yusho patients. Patients and methods A total of 183 participants in the Yusho health study were examined. Oral examinations, including recording the prevalence of oral pigmentation, were performed by two oral surgeons. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including blood concentration of PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibezofuran (2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF), which are the major causes of Yusho, were obtained from the results of recent surveys conducted by the Yusho Study Group. Results The mean serum PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF levels of the 183 Yusho patients were 1.59 ± 1.25 ppb and 29.0 ± 42.9 pg/g lipid, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the levels of PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (r = 0.64, p < 0.01). The rate of oral pigmentation in Yusho patients (25.7%) was significant higher than among potential victims of Yusho (13 of 183, 7.1%) (p < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of oral pigmentation was still significantly higher in Yusho patients, even 50 years after exposure, although blood PCB levels have decreased in that time.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

NeuroImage

Shared neural representations of syntax during online dyadic communication Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Wenda Liu, Holly P. Branigan, Lifen Zheng, Yuhang Long, Xialu Bai, Kanyu Li, Hui Zhao, Siyuan Zhou, Martin J. Pickering, Chunming Lu Abstract When people communicate, they come to see the world in a similar way to each other by aligning their mental representations at such levels as syntax. Syntax is an essential feature of human language that distinguishes humans from other non-human animals. However, whether and how communicators share neural representations of syntax is not well understood. Here we addressed this issue by measuring the brain activity of both communicators in a series of dyadic communication contexts, by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning. Two communicators alternatively spoke sentences either with the same or with different syntactic structures. Results showed a significantly higher-level increase of interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) at right posterior superior temporal cortex when communicators produced the same syntactic structures as each other compared to when they produced different syntactic structures. These increases of INS correlated significantly with communication quality. Our findings provide initial evidence for shared neural representations of syntax between communicators.

Multimodal characterization of the human nucleus accumbens Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Samuel CD. Cartmell, Qiyuan Tian, Brandon J. Thio, Christoph Leuze, Li Ye, Nolan R. Williams, Grant Yang, Gabriel Ben-Dor, Karl Deisseroth, Warren M. Grill, Jennifer A. McNab, Casey H. Halpern Abstract Dysregulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Treatments targeting this area directly (e.g. deep brain stimulation) demonstrate variable efficacy, perhaps owing to non-specific targeting of a functionally heterogeneous nucleus. Here we provide support for this notion, first observing disparate behavioral effects in response to direct simulation of different locations within the NAc in a human patient. These observations motivate a segmentation of the NAc into subregions, which we produce from a diffusion-tractography based analysis of 245 young, unrelated healthy subjects. We further explore the mechanism of these stimulation-induced behavioral responses by identifying the most probable subset of axons activated using a patient-specific computational model. We validate our diffusion-based segmentation using evidence from several modalities, including MRI-based measures of function and microstructure, human post-mortem immunohistochemical staining, and cross-species comparison of cortical-NAc projections that are known to be conserved. Finally, we visualize the passage of individual axon bundles through one NAc subregion in a post-mortem human sample using CLARITY 3D histology corroborated by 7T tractography. Collectively, these findings extensively characterize human NAc subregions and provide insight into their structural and functional distinctions with implications for stereotactic treatments targeting this region.

The relation between brain signal complexity and task difficulty on an executive function task Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): John G. Grundy, Ryan M. Barker, John A.E. Anderson, Judith M. Shedden Abstract On a daily basis, we constantly deal with changing environmental cues and perceptual conflicts and as such, our brains must flexibly adapt to current demands in order to act appropriately. Brains become more efficient and are able to switch states more readily by increasing the complexity of their neural networks. However, it is unclear how brain signal complexity relates to behavior in young adults performing cognitively demanding executive function tasks. Here we used multiscale entropy analysis and multivariate statistics on EEG data while participants performed a bivalency effect task-switching paradigm to show that brain signal complexity in young adults increases as task demands increase, that increases in brain signal complexity are associated with both speed gains and losses depending on scalp location, and that more difficult tasks are associated with more circumscribed complexity across the scalp. Overall, these findings highlight a critical role for brain signal complexity in predicting behavior on an executive function task among young adults.

Group-level cortical and muscular connectivity during perturbations to walking and standing balance Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Steven M. Peterson, Daniel P. Ferris Abstract Maintaining balance is a complex process requiring multisensory processing and coordinated muscle activation. Previous studies have indicated that the cortex is directly involved in balance control, but less information is known about cortical flow of signals for balance. We studied source-localized electrocortical effective connectivity dynamics of healthy young subjects (29 subjects: 14 male and 15 female) walking and standing with both visual and physical perturbations to their balance. The goal of this study was to quantify differences in group-level corticomuscular connectivity responses to sensorimotor perturbations during walking and standing. We hypothesized that perturbed visual input during balance would transiently decrease connectivity between occipital and parietal areas due to disruptive visual input during sensory processing. We also hypothesized that physical pull perturbations would increase cortical connections to central sensorimotor areas because of higher sensorimotor integration demands. Our findings show decreased occipito-parietal connectivity during visual rotations and widespread increases in connectivity during pull perturbations focused on central areas, as expected. We also found evidence for communication from cortex to muscles during perturbed balance. These results show that sensorimotor perturbations to balance alter cortical networks and can be quantified using effective connectivity estimation.

Change detection to tone pairs during the first year of life – Predictive longitudinal relationships for EEG-based source and time-frequency measures Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Jarmo A. Hämäläinen, Silvia Ortiz-Mantilla, April Benasich Abstract Brain responses related to auditory processing show large changes throughout infancy and childhood with some evidence that the two hemispheres might mature at different rates. Differing rates of hemispheric maturation could be linked to the proposed functional specialization of the hemispheres in which the left auditory cortex engages in analysis of precise timing information whereas the right auditory cortex focuses on analysis of sound frequency. Here the auditory change detection process for rapidly presented tone-pairs was examined in a longitudinal sample of infants at the age of 6 and 12 months using EEG. The ERP response related to change detection of a frequency contrast, its estimated source strength in the auditory areas, as well as time-frequency indices showed developmental effects. ERP amplitudes, source strength, spectral power and inter-trial phase locking decreased across age. A differential lateralization pattern emerged between 6 and 12 months as shown by inter-trial phase locking at 2–3 Hz; specifically, a larger developmental change was observed in the right as compared to the left hemisphere. Predictive relationships for the change in source strength from 6 months to 12 months were found. Six-month predictors were source strength and phase locking values at low frequencies. The results show that the infant change detection response in rapidly presented tone pairs is mainly determined by low frequency power and phase-locking with a larger phase-locking response at 6 months predicting greater change at 12 months. The ability of the auditory system to respond systematically across stimuli is suggested as a marker of maturational change that leads to more automatic and fine-tuned cortical responses.

Enhancing neural efficiency of cognitive processing speed via training and neurostimulation: An fNIRS and TMS study Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Adrian Curtin, Hasan Ayaz, Yingying Tang, Junfeng Sun, Jijun Wang, Shanbao Tong Abstract Speed of Processing (SoP) represents a fundamental limiting step in cognitive performance which may underlie General Intelligence. The measure of SoP is particularly sensitive to aging, neurological or cognitive diseases, and has become a benchmark for diagnosis, cognitive remediation, and enhancement. Neural efficiency of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) is proposed to account for individual differences in SoP. However, the mechanisms by which DLPFC efficiency is shaped by training and whether it can be enhanced remain elusive. To address this, we monitored the brain activity of sixteen healthy participants using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) while practicing a common SoP task (Symbol Digit Substitution Task) across 4 sessions. Furthermore, in each session, participants received counterbalanced excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) during mid-session breaks. Results indicate a significant involvement of the left-DLPFC in SoP, whose neural efficiency is consistently increased through task practice. Active neurostimulation, but not Sham, significantly enhanced the neural efficiency. These findings suggest a common mechanism by which neurostimulation may aid to accelerate learning.

Topological correction of infant white matter surfaces using anatomically constrained convolutional neural network Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Liang Sun, Daoqiang Zhang, Chunfeng Lian, Li Wang, Zhengwang Wu, Wei Shao, Weili Lin, Dinggang Shen, Gang Li, UNC/UMN Baby Connectome Project Consortium Abstract Reconstruction of accurate cortical surfaces without topological errors (i.e., handles and holes) from infant brain MR images is very important in early brain development studies. However, infant brain MR images typically suffer extremely low tissue contrast and dynamic imaging appearance patterns. Thus, it is inevitable to have large amounts of topological errors in the segmented infant brain tissue images, which lead to inaccurately reconstructed cortical surfaces with topological errors. To address this issue, inspired by recent advances in deep learning, we propose an anatomically constrained network for topological correction on infant cortical surfaces. Specifically, in our method, we first locate regions of potential topological defects by leveraging a topology-preserving level set method. Then, we propose an anatomically constrained network to correct those candidate voxels in the located regions. Since infant cortical surfaces often contain large and complex handles or holes, it is difficult to completely correct all errors using one-shot correction. Therefore, we further enroll these two steps into an iterative framework to gradually correct large topological errors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to introduce deep learning approach for topological correction of infant cortical surfaces. We compare our method with the state-of-the-art methods on both simulated topological errors and real topological errors in human infant brain MR images. Moreover, we also validate our method on the infant brain MR images of macaques. All experimental results show the superior performance of the proposed method. Graphical abstract

Empathy to emotional voices and the use of real-time fMRI to enhance activation of the anterior insula Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Dana Kanel, Salim Al-Wasity, Kristian Stefanov, Frank E. Pollick Abstract The right anterior insula (AI), known to have a key role in the processing and understanding of social emotions, is activated during tasks that involve the act of empathising. Neurofeedback provides individuals with a visualisation of their own brain activity, enabling them to regulate and modify this activity. Following previous research investigating the ability of individuals to up-regulate right AI activity levels through neurofeedback, we investigated whether this could be similarly accomplished during an empathy task involving auditory stimuli of human positive and negative emotional expressions. Twenty participants, ten with feedback from right anterior insula and ten with feedback from a sham brain region, participated in two sessions that included sixteen neurofeedback runs and four transfer runs. Results showed that for the second session participants in the right AI neurofeedback group demonstrated better ability to up-regulate their right AI compared to the control group who received sham feedback. Examination of the relationship between individual participants' empathic traits and their ability to up-regulate right AI activity showed that participants low on empathic traits produced a greater increase in activation of right AI by the end of training. Moreover, the response to positively valenced audio stimuli was greater than for negatively valenced stimuli. These results have implications for therapeutic training of empathy in populations with limited empathic response.

Microelectrode array electrical impedance tomography for fast functional imaging in the thalamus Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Danyi Zhu, Alistair McEwan, Calvin Eiber Abstract Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has the potential to be able to observe functional tomographic images of neural activity in the brain at millisecond time-scales. Prior modelling and experimental work has shown that EIT is capable of imaging impedance changes from neural depolarisation in rat somatosensory cortex. Here, we investigate the feasibility of EIT for imaging impedance changes using a stereotaxically implanted microelectrode array in the thalamus. Microelectrode array EIT was simulated using an anatomically accurate marmoset brain model. Impedance imaging was validated and detectability estimated using physiological noise recorded from the marmoset visual thalamus. The results suggest that visual-input-driven impedance changes in visual subcortical bodies within 300 μm of the implanted array could be reliably reconstructed and localised, comparable to local field potential measurements. Furthermore, we demonstrated that microelectrode array EIT could reconstruct concurrent activity in multiple subcortical bodies simultaneously. Graphical abstract

Rhythmicity facilitates pitch discrimination: Differential roles of low and high frequency neural oscillations Publication date: September 2019 Source: NeuroImage, Volume 198 Author(s): Andrew Chang, Dan J. Bosnyak, Laurel J. Trainor Abstract Previous studies indicate that temporal predictability can enhance timing and intensity perception, but it is not known whether it also enhances pitch perception, despite pitch being a fundamental perceptual attribute of sound. Here we investigate this in the context of rhythmic regularity, a form of predictable temporal structure common in sound streams, including music and speech. It is known that neural oscillations in low (delta: 1–3 Hz) and high (beta: 15–25 Hz) frequency bands entrain to rhythms in phase and power, respectively, but it is not clear why both low and high frequency bands entrain to external rhythms, and whether they and their coupling serve different perceptual functions. Participants discriminated near-threshold pitch deviations (targets) embedded in either rhythmic (regular/isochronous) or arrhythmic (irregular/non-isochronous) tone sequences. Psychophysically, we found superior pitch discrimination performance for target tones in rhythmic compared to arrhythmic sequences. Electroencephalography recordings from auditory cortex showed that delta phase, beta power modulation, and delta-beta coupling were all modulated by rhythmic regularity. Importantly, trial-by-trial neural-behavioural correlational analyses showed that, prior to a target, the depth of U-shaped beta power modulation predicted pitch discrimination sensitivity whereas cross-frequency coupling strength predicted reaction time. These novel findings suggest that delta phase might reflect rhythmic temporal expectation, beta power temporal attention, and delta-beta coupling auditory-motor communication. Together, low and high frequency auditory neural oscillations reflect different perceptual functions that work in concert for tracking rhythmic regularity and proactively facilitate pitch perception.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

Cardiothoracic Anesthesia

Pressure-regulated volume control mode versus synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode in management of acute respiratory failure complicating advanced liver disease Rafik Yousset Atalla, Dalia Fahmy Emam, Wail Ahmed Abdelaal The Egyptian Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 2018 12(3):35-41 Background A common cause of death in the ICUs is advanced liver disease and its complications. Respiratory complications are common in patients with advanced liver disease. Management of patients with advanced hepatic disease having acute respiratory failure mandates the use of lung-protective ventilation strategies to achieve adequate oxygenation. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the superiority of either pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC) mode versus synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) mode in management of acute respiratory failure complicating advanced hepatic disease. Patients and methods A total of 80 patients were included in this study, who were randomized into two equal groups of 40 patients each, namely. group S and group PV. Group S was ventilated using SIMV mode, whereas group PV was ventilated using PRVC mode. Results There was a statistically significant difference between group PV and group S during the mechanical ventilation period regarding the PO2/FiO2 ratio, static compliance, and dynamic compliance values, with higher values in group PV than group S providing better oxygenation. There was a statistically significant difference in the duration of mechanical ventilation and the ICU stay between the two groups, with significantly lower values in the PV group than the S group. Conclusion We concluded that PRVC mode of mechanical ventilation is superior to SIMV in acute respiratory failure complicating advanced liver disease, as it resulted in improved oxygenation at lower inflation pressures.

Intraoperative thromboelastographic assessment of platelet function in a patient with low platelet count and high-mean platelet volume requiring cardiac surgery Francesco Del Sindaco, Daniel Rajeev, Sandra Faloye, Lisa Vipond The Egyptian Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 2018 12(3):42-44 An 80-year-old patient with low platelet count was admitted in our institution for aortic valve replacement and a coronary artery bypass graft. Because of thrombocytopenia, a mean platelet volume has been assessed, showing a value above the range. Two pools of platelets were booked but not transfused, neither in the theater nor during the postoperative period. A thromboelastographic assessment at the end of the cardiopulmonary bypass showed a normal overall platelet function, and no clinical issues (diffuse bleeding after protamine and/or oozing from the drain above the range, in the postoperative period) were noticed. The authors point out the importance of thromboelastographic or thromboelastometric assessments in patients with isolated thrombocytopenia and high-mean platelet volume to contribute to reduce the risk of inappropriate transfusions.

Tamponade-like picture caused by pericardial cyst Mostafa Eladawy, Anup Varghese The Egyptian Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 2018 12(3):45-48 Pericardial cysts are rare entities, they have an incidence rate of 1:100,000 which constitutes about 7.6% of all mediastinal masses (6). The differential diagnosis includes other solid tumors and cysts of the mediastinum, diaphragmatic hernia or tumors, aneurysms of the heart or great vessels (1). Although TTE can differentiate many of the causes of mediastinal masses, loculated pericardial effusion with a similar clinical picture can be difficult to differentiate on transthoracic echocardiography (8). Radiological examination with CT or MRI has been described to differentiate in difficult cases. In emergency situations, TEE examination could be a useful option as it can help differentiating a malignant from a benign pericardial cyst, check the extent of involvement of underlying myocardium or adjacent structures and assess the anatomical abnormalities or effects on different heart chambers. In our case we describe a case of a huge pericardial cyst which had affected the patient haemodynamics in a tamponade like picture, the intra-operative TEE assessment helped appreciating the compression effect on the right heart chambers and the intravascular resuscitation needed to counteract the external pressure of the pericardial cyst. The echocardiography also helped the decision making of performing the procedure on CPB.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre

β-Glucan, a dietary fiber in effective prevention of lifestyle diseases – An insightPublication date: Available online 11 May 2019Source: Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary FibreAuthor(s): Gunjan Maheshwari, Sumathi Sowrirajan, Baby JosephAbstractβ-Glucan (β-G), a dietary fiber and a biologically active natural polysaccharide, is helpful in the prevention and control of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetics and cancer. Witnessing an increasing trend in mortality due to these diseases, especially...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

1m

Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance Right Objectives... Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance RightObjectives Clinical guidelines recommend prophylactic intravenous fluids for patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 to prevent adverse postcontrast outcomes. These patients... , Preventive Effect of Changing Contrast Media in Patients With A Prior Mild Immediate Hypersensitivity... Preventive Effect of Changing Contrast Media in Patients With A Prior Mild Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction to Gadolinium-Based Contrast AgentObjectives Currently, the prevention of recurrent immediate hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to contrast media (CM) requests premedication and changing the... , Evaluation of Gadopiclenol and P846, 2 High-Relaxivity Macrocyclic Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents... Evaluation of Gadopiclenol and P846, 2 High-Relaxivity Macrocycl

Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance Right Objectives...Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance RightObjectives Clinical guidelines recommend prophylactic intravenous fluids for patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 to prevent adverse postcontrast outcomes. These patients represent a small minority of the population receiving intravascular iodinated contrast material,...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

9m

Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance Right Objectives...

Prophylaxis in High-Risk Patients With eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2: Get the Balance RightObjectives Clinical guidelines recommend prophylactic intravenous fluids for patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 to prevent adverse postcontrast outcomes. These patients represent a small minority of the population receiving intravascular iodinated contrast material, and data are not readily available. The current study aim is to gain insight into positive and...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Preventive Effect of Changing Contrast Media in Patients With A Prior Mild Immediate Hypersensitivity...

Preventive Effect of Changing Contrast Media in Patients With A Prior Mild Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction to Gadolinium-Based Contrast AgentObjectives Currently, the prevention of recurrent immediate hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to contrast media (CM) requests premedication and changing the culprit contrast agent. However, strategies for the prevention of immediate HSRs to gadolinium-based magnetic resonance contrast agents (GBCAs) have not yet been established. This study aimed to evaluate...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Evaluation of Gadopiclenol and P846, 2 High-Relaxivity Macrocyclic Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents...

Evaluation of Gadopiclenol and P846, 2 High-Relaxivity Macrocyclic Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents Without Protein Binding, in a Rodent Model of Hepatic Metastases: Potential Solutions for Improved Enhancement at Ultrahigh Field StrengthPurpose The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the enhancement properties of experimental gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) with different molecular weights and hydration numbers (P846 and gadopiclenol) compared with clinically approved...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Increased Retention of Gadolinium in the Inflamed Brain After Repeated Administration of Gadopentetate...

Increased Retention of Gadolinium in the Inflamed Brain After Repeated Administration of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Mice Combining ICP-MS and Micro– and Nano–SR-XRFObjectives The aim of this study was to determine in vivo if brain inflammation leads to increased gadolinium (Gd) retention in brain tissue after repeated applications of Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs). Materials and Methods Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in female SJL/J mice...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Super-Resolution Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Methodology for the Identification of In Vivo Vascular...

Super-Resolution Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Methodology for the Identification of In Vivo Vascular Dynamics in 2DObjectives The aim of this study was to provide an ultrasound-based super-resolution methodology that can be implemented using clinical 2-dimensional ultrasound equipment and standard contrast-enhanced ultrasound modes. In addition, the aim is to achieve this for true-to-life patient imaging conditions, including realistic examination times of a few minutes and adequate image penetration...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Deep Learning and CT Images Objectives The objective...

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Deep Learning and CT ImagesObjectives The objective of this study is to assess the performance of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system (INTACT system) for the automatic classification of high-resolution computed tomography images into 4 radiological diagnostic categories and to compare this with the performance of radiologists on the same task. Materials and Methods For the comparison, a total of 105 cases of pulmonary fibrosis were studied...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents Induce Mitochondrial Toxicity and Cell Death in Human Neurons,...

Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents Induce Mitochondrial Toxicity and Cell Death in Human Neurons, and Toxicity Increases With Reduced Kinetic Stability of the AgentObjectives This preclinical study was devised to investigate potential cellular toxicity in human neurons induced by gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neurons modeling a subset of those in the basal ganglia were tested, because the basal ganglia region is 1 of 2 brain...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Imaging Features of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison Between MRI-Enhanced...

Imaging Features of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison Between MRI-Enhanced With Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-DTPAObjectives The aim of this study was to compare the major imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans with Gd-EOB-DTPA (EOB) and extracellular agent (ECA; Gd-DTPA) contrast media. Materials and Methods Among 184 surgically proven HCCs in 169 patients who underwent a liver MRI with either EOB (n = 120) or ECA (n = 49),...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3 T Objectives The goal...

AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3 TObjectives The goal of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of measuring extracellular pH in cartilage and meniscus using acidoCEST technique with a 3-dimensional ultrashort echo time readout (acidoCEST-UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry, radiofrequency (RF) power mismatch, and relative saturation transfer were evaluated in liquid phantoms for iopromide,...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Comparison of the Relaxivities of Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Human Plasma at 1.5,...

Comparison of the Relaxivities of Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Human Plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and Blood at 3 TPurpose The relaxivities of 3 macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) were determined in human plasma and blood under standardized and clinically relevant laboratory conditions. Methods The T1 relaxivity, r1, was determined in human plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and in human blood at 3 T at 37°C in phantoms containing 4 different concentrations of the macrocyclic...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Investigative Radiology

Comparison of the Relaxivities of Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Human Plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and Blood at 3 TPurpose The relaxivities of 3 macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) were determined in human plasma and blood under standardized and clinically relevant laboratory conditions. Methods The T1 relaxivity, r1, was determined in human plasma at 1.5, 3, and 7 T, and in human blood at 3 T at 37°C in phantoms containing 4 different concentrations of the macrocyclic...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Ear and Hearing

The Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Screening Tool Based on Psychometric Reevaluation of the Hearing Handicap Inventories for the Elderly and AdultsObjectives: The present study evaluates the items of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIE/A) using Mokken scale analysis (MSA), a type of nonparametric item response theory, and develops updated tools with optimal psychometric properties. Design: In a longitudinal study of age-related hearing...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Surgical Sciences

Assessment of some biomarkers of inflammation in breast cancer patients in Benin City, NigeriaEboreime Ofunre, Atoe Kenneth, Idemudia Joseph OsagieNigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 2017 27(2):33-36Introduction: Inflammation has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of most malignancies including breast cancer. The inflammatory basis of breast cancer has not been evaluated in our environment. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of some biomarkers of systemic...

Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

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Hysterosalpingographic findings in women with infertility in Awka, Anambra State, South-East Nigeria...

Hysterosalpingographic findings in women with infertility in Awka, Anambra State, South-East NigeriaSamuel Iloraah Udobi, Michael Echeta AronuNigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 2017 27(2):47-50Background: Infertility is a major concern among couples in our environment. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiological procedure used to investigate women with infertility. It can be used to assess the cervical canal, the uterine cavity, and the fallopian tubes in these women. So far, the pattern of...

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Prostatic adenocarcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: A tale of the autopsy model in a...

Prostatic adenocarcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: A tale of the autopsy model in a Nigerian tertiary hospitalDele Eradebamwen Imasogie, Akhator Terence AzekeNigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 2017 27(2):41-46Introduction: The frequency of clinical prostatic adenocarcinoma and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in a certain population could be similar to the prevalent model of latent adenocarcinoma as well as to the frequency and extent of HGPIN. The aim of this...

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Cervical cancer: Risk factors and uptake of screening among expectant mothers in Abakaliki Glory I...

Cervical cancer: Risk factors and uptake of screening among expectant mothers in AbakalikiGlory I Urom, Emeka O Omabe, Nkechi J Okoli, Ndubuisi S Eze, Ben N Azuogu, Odidika U J UmeoraNigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 2017 27(2):37-40Context: cancer remains the most common reason for death from gynaecological malignancy in Nigeria while screening remains opportunistic. Pregnancy provides a veritable ample opportunity for screening for this malignancy. Aim: to evaluate the risk factors for cervical...

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13m

Assessment of some biomarkers of inflammation in breast cancer patients in Benin City, Nigeria Eboreime...

Assessment of some biomarkers of inflammation in breast cancer patients in Benin City, NigeriaEboreime Ofunre, Atoe Kenneth, Idemudia Joseph OsagieNigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences 2017 27(2):33-36Introduction: Inflammation has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of most malignancies including breast cancer. The inflammatory basis of breast cancer has not been evaluated in our environment. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of some biomarkers of systemic...

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Carcinogenesis,Immunotherapy in breast cancer

REVIEW ARTICLEJ Carcinog2019,  18:2Immunotherapy in breast cancerSoley Bayraktar1, Sameer Batoo2, Scott Okuno2, Stefan Glück31 Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey2 Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA3 Vice President...

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Carcinogenesis,Assessment and clinicopathological correlation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

ORIGINAL ARTICLEJ Carcinog2019,  18:1Assessment and clinicopathological correlation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinomaAshok Kumar Das1, Nizara Baishya1, Anupam Sarma2, Amal Chandra Kataki3, Avdesh Kumar Rai4, Chandi Ram Kalita51 Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India2 Department of Pathology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India3 Department of Gynae Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute,...

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Η Δύναμη της Γνώσης, Infants later diagnosed with autism seldom initiate joint attention, How..

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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

13m

Pramana,Atmospheric Environment,Foundations of Science,Problems in Diagnostic Radiology,Human Nature,Surgery,Rehabilitation Research,Orthopaedics,Molecular Immunology,Anaesthesiology,Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ,Radiation and Cancer Research,Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

Contemporary management of frontal sinus fractures Purpose of review Frontal sinus fracture management...Contemporary management of frontal sinus fracturesPurpose of review Frontal sinus fracture management is evolving. This article will highlight recent literature and provide an evidence-based algorithm in the contemporary management of frontal sinus fractures. Recent findings The role of transnasal endoscopic treatment of frontal sinus fractures has expanded to include fracture reduction and posterior...

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Contemporary management of frontal sinus fractures Purpose of review Frontal sinus fracture management...

Contemporary management of frontal sinus fracturesPurpose of review Frontal sinus fracture management is evolving. This article will highlight recent literature and provide an evidence-based algorithm in the contemporary management of frontal sinus fractures. Recent findings The role of transnasal endoscopic treatment of frontal sinus fractures has expanded to include fracture reduction and posterior table reconstruction. Evidence continues to support the safety of nonoperative management in select...

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7h

empty nose syndrome: disease mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and treatment strategiesPurpose of review...

empty nose syndrome: disease mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and treatment strategiesPurpose of review To discuss the proposed pathophysiology of empty nose syndrome (ENS), summarize and evaluate the role of validated diagnostic tools in the diagnosis of ENS, and review the medical and surgical treatment strategies for patients with ENS. Recent findings Historically, ENS has been associated with a reduction in nasal turbinate size; new data suggest that impaired trigeminal nerve function may also play...

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7h

Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

Update on empty nose syndrome: disease mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and treatment strategiesPurpose of review To discuss the proposed pathophysiology of empty nose syndrome (ENS), summarize and evaluate the role of validated diagnostic tools in the diagnosis of ENS, and review the medical and surgical treatment strategies for patients with ENS. Recent findings Historically, ENS has been associated with a reduction in nasal turbinate size; new data suggest that impaired trigeminal nerve function...

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7h

Harnessing heat for diagnosis and therapy Nagraj Gururaj Huilgol Journal of Radiation and Cancer Research...

Harnessing heat for diagnosis and therapyNagraj Gururaj HuilgolJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):77-78Hyperthermia is an important adjunct to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Heat includes in cellular organelle, cell membrane and vasculature. The changes can't be measured and imaged using magnetic resonance imaging. Currently, MRI thermometry is available while cellular and structural changes following heat for the purpose of diagnostics and prognostication needs further exploration....

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7h

urban adult addiction patternShradha G Jaiswal, Digpal Dharkar, Rajeev Shrivastav Journal of Radiation...

urban adult addiction patternShradha G Jaiswal, Digpal Dharkar, Rajeev ShrivastavJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):72-76Introduction: Oral cancer is a multifactorial disease, which is largely preventable. Awareness about cancer and its risk factors and symptoms can lead to prevention and early clinical diagnosis. Proper monitoring of the high-risk population along with periodic follow-up and deaddiction protocol can help reduce the incidence of oral cancer and lead to an early clinical...

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7h

  Protective action of picroliv isolated from Picrorhiza kurroa against radiation clastogenecity on...

 Protective action of picroliv isolated from Picrorhiza kurroa against radiation clastogenecity on mice and cyclophosphamide-induced cytotoxicity in Allium cepa RootPapiya Bigoniya, Ankita Warathe, Chandra Shekar SinghJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):58-65Objective: Wide-scale cell death, following chemo and radiation therapy, is a major concern in clinical therapy of cancer. The need to identify agents with a potential for chemo and radioprotective potential has assumed great...

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7h

Water-soluble version of SCR7-pyrazine inhibits DNA repair and abrogates tumor cell proliferation Monica...

Water-soluble version of SCR7-pyrazine inhibits DNA repair and abrogates tumor cell proliferationMonica Pandey, Vidya Gopalakrishnan, Hassan A Swarup, Sujeet Kumar, Radha Gudapureddy, Anjana Elizabeth Jose, Supriya V Vartak, Robin Sebastian, Mrinal Srivastava, Bibha Choudhary, Mantelingu Kempegowda, Subhas S Karki, Sathees C RaghavanJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):27-43Aim: Mammalian DNA Ligases play pivotal role in processes such as DNA replication, recombination, and repair,...

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7h

radiation-induced gene expression arrays following radioprotection with amifostineThomas M Seed, Vijay...

radiation-induced gene expression arrays following radioprotection with amifostineThomas M Seed, Vijay K Singh, Briana K HanlonJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):44-57Aims and Objectives: The study objective was to investigate differential gene expression in lymphohematopoietic tissues (spleens) of mice injected with amifostine and exposed to sublethal doses of 60Co γ-radiation. Materials and Methods: Differential cDNA gene expression arrays were used to examine early- (1 day) and...

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7h

High-dose interstitial brachytherapy for accelerated partial-breast irradiation in clinical practice:...

High-dose interstitial brachytherapy for accelerated partial-breast irradiation in clinical practice: Preliminary results from a tertiary cancer center in IndiaVijay Palwe, Prakash Pandit, Rajnish Nagarkar, Nishtha PalejaJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):24-26Introduction: Over the past several years, there has been growing interest in the use of accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) as an alternative to whole-breast radiation in properly selected patients. The use of multicatheter...

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7h

hyperthermia along with radiotherapy on the outcomes of treatment in locally advanced carcinoma cervixVibha...

hyperthermia along with radiotherapy on the outcomes of treatment in locally advanced carcinoma cervixVibha Saluja, Rohit Dusane, Nagraj HuilgolJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):18-23Aims: The present study was aimed to assess the impact of Hyperthermia along with Radiotherapy on the outcomes of treatment in locally advanced carcinoma cervix. Materials and Methods: Present study is a retrospective analysis of cancer cervix patients treated with radiotherapy and hyperthermia+/- chemotherapy...

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7h

Radiation and Cancer Research

Thermal and nonthermal effects of radiofrequency on living state and applications as an adjuvant with radiation therapyAndras SzaszJournal of Radiation and Cancer Research 2019 10(1):1-17One of the most frequently applied bioelectromagnetic effects is the deep heating of living species with electromotive force energy. Despite its long history, hyperthermia is a rarely applied oncotherapy because of controversial results and complicated control. The challenge in clinical studies of oncological hyperthermia...

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7h

exercise in patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationShinichiro Morishita,...

exercise in patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationShinichiro Morishita, Atsuhiro Tsubaki, Kazuki Hotta, Jack B Fu, Shigeo FujiThe Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2019 2(1):54-61Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is increasingly used in the treatment of hematologic cancers such as leukemias, lymphomas, and myeloma and for other hematologic disorders such as primary immunodeficiency, aplastic anemia,...

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7h

independent walking in elderly inpatients with collagen diseasesShinya Yamauchi, Shinichiro Morishita,...

independent walking in elderly inpatients with collagen diseasesShinya Yamauchi, Shinichiro Morishita, Yuki Uchiyama, Norihiko Kodama, Kazuhisa DomenThe Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2019 2(1):30-34Purpose: In elderly patients with collagen disease, walking ability tends to decrease due to treatment with corticosteroids and long-term hospitalization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to independent walking in elderly patients...

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7h

poststroke shoulder painTarek Saad Shafshak, Mowaffak Moustafa Abdelhamid, Mohamed Ihab Samy Reda, Marwa...

poststroke shoulder painTarek Saad Shafshak, Mowaffak Moustafa Abdelhamid, Mohamed Ihab Samy Reda, Marwa Abdullah AmerThe Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2019 2(1):35-41Background: Poststroke shoulder pain (PSSP) is a complex phenomenon. Defining the exact etiology would facilitate proper management. Aim: The aim of the study is to identify the different causes of PSSP. Settings and Design: Observational cross-sectional study at institution, university...

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7h

Postbreast cancer surgery outpatient rehabilitation program: Analysis of clinical profile, impact,...

Postbreast cancer surgery outpatient rehabilitation program: Analysis of clinical profile, impact, and direct medical costsMarina Boralli de Sousa, Camila da Silva Bueno, Rossana Veronica Mendoza Lopez, Elisângela Pinto Marinho de Almeida, Rebeca Boltes Cecatto, Christina May Moran de BritoThe Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2019 2(1):22-29Context: Approximately 600,000 new cases of cancer are estimated to occur in Brazil over the 2-year period of 2018–2019,...

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7h

Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine

The international society of physical and rehabilitation medicine: The past, present, and way forward-IIIJorge Lains, Francesca Gimigliano, Jianan Li, Leonard Li, Sam Wu, Louise Gorringe, Linda Bosschers, Walter FronteraThe Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2019 2(1):1-11This article is meant as an update on the previous articles published about the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM). It reflects the current organizational...

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7h

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 acupressure therapy on quality of recovery after surgeryBACKGROUND Acupressure therapy is associated...

 acupressure therapy on quality of recovery after surgeryBACKGROUND Acupressure therapy is associated with favourable efficacies on postoperative nausea, pain and sleep disturbance, although the quality of the evidence is generally low. No randomised clinical trial has yet assessed the effect of acupressure on postoperative quality of recovery (QoR). OBJECTIVE The objective was to study acupressure efficacy on patient-reported postoperative recovery. DESIGN We conducted a single centre, three-group,...

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7h

Deep neuromuscular blockade improves surgical conditions during gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity:...

Deep neuromuscular blockade improves surgical conditions during gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity: A randomised controlled trialBACKGROUND There is a controversy in the literature whether deep compared with moderate neuromuscular block (NMB) improves surgical conditions for laparoscopic surgery. OBJECTIVES The primary outcome measure was to examine whether switching from moderate to deep NMB improves surgical conditions for laparoscopic surgery in the obese; secondary outcome measures were...

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7h

Effect of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading on recovery after day-case cholecystectomy: A randomised...

Effect of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading on recovery after day-case cholecystectomy: A randomised controlled trialBACKGROUND Pre-operative carbohydrate loading has been shown to reduce pre-operative discomfort and postoperative nausea and vomiting in general surgical patients. Few studies have considered day-case surgery. OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective randomised study was to determine whether pre-operative carbohydrate loading enhanced recovery after day-case cholecystectomy. DESIGN...

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7h

Can quantitative sensory tests predict failed back surgery?: A prospective cohort studyBACKGROUND Failed...

Can quantitative sensory tests predict failed back surgery?: A prospective cohort studyBACKGROUND Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a pain condition refractory to therapy, and is characterised by persistent low back pain after spinal surgery. FBSS is associated with severe disability, low quality of life and high unemployment. We are currently unable to identify patients who are at risk of developing FBSS. Patients with chronic low back pain may display signs of central hypersensitivity as assessed...

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7h

Tidal volume challenge to predict fluid responsiveness in the operating room: A prospective trial on...

Tidal volume challenge to predict fluid responsiveness in the operating room: A prospective trial on neurosurgical patients undergoing protective ventilationBACKGROUND Pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) do not predict fluid responsiveness when using a protective ventilation strategy: the use of functional haemodynamic tests can be useful to overcome this limitation. OBJECTIVES We tested the use of a tidal volume challenge (VTC), during 6 ml kg−1 [predicted body weight...

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7h

Colour Doppler ultrasound after major cardiac surgery improves diagnostic accuracy of the pulmonary...

Colour Doppler ultrasound after major cardiac surgery improves diagnostic accuracy of the pulmonary infection score in acute respiratory failure: A prospective observational studyBACKGROUND Postoperative pneumonia is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery, and its diagnosis is difficult. Little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the detection of pneumonia in cardiac surgical patients. The substitution of chest radiography by colour Doppler LUS (LUS-sCPIS) in...

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Propofol intravenous anaesthesia with desflurane compared with desflurane alone on postoperative liver...

Propofol intravenous anaesthesia with desflurane compared with desflurane alone on postoperative liver function after living-donor liver transplantation: A randomised controlled trialBACKGROUND Propofol is an anaesthetic that resembles α-tocopherol and it has been suggested that it protects against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) presents an opportunity to test this hypothesis in both donors and recipients. OBJECTIVES We compared clinical...

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Reintubation in the ICU following cardiac surgery: is it more difficult than first-time intubation in...

Reintubation in the ICU following cardiac surgery: is it more difficult than first-time intubation in the operating room?: A prospective, observational studyBACKGROUND After cardiac surgery, a patient's trachea is usually extubated; however, 2 to 13% of cardiac surgery patients require reintubation in the ICU. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the initial intubation in the cardiac operating room with reintubation (if required) in the ICU following cardiac surgery. DESIGN A prospective,...

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7h

Effect of sevoflurane-based or propofol-based anaesthesia on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney...

Effect of sevoflurane-based or propofol-based anaesthesia on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury: A retrospective propensity score-matched analysisBACKGROUND Propofol may help to protect against ischaemic acute kidney injury (AKI); however, research on this topic is sparse. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to investigate whether there were differences in the incidence of postoperative AKI after lung resection surgery between patients who received propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia...

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