Duration of antibiotic treatment for acute graft pyelonephritis: What's the standard of care?

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Duration of antibiotic treatment for acute graft pyelonephritis: What's the standard of care? via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Background Limited evidence is available to inform the duration of antibiotic treatment in kidney transplant recipients with bacterial acute graft pyelonephritis. Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation suggest a 14–21 day duration. Methods A four-question survey was constructed to determine the current standard of practice for the duration of treatment for acute graft pyelonephritis. The survey was distributed among members of the Infectious Diseases and the Kidney Pancreas Communities of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation. Results Among 144 survey respondents, 87 (60%) were infectious disease physicians, and 36 (25%) were transplant nephrologists. Although most (55%) respondents preferred a 14-day duration, a spread between 7 and 28 days was observed. Goals of treatment and drivers for longer duration differed between infectious disease physicians and transplant nephrologists. Conclusions Although most respondents prefer a 14-day duration of treatment for acute graft pyelonephritis, a wide range of responses was seen between 7 and 28 days. More evidence is needed to inform optimal treatment duration in this common infectious complication after transplantation. View on Web

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Assessing the Feasibility of Using the Ketogenic Diet in Autism Spectrum Disorder

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessing the Feasibility of Using the Ketogenic Diet in Autism Spectrum Disorder via Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Abstract Evidence demonstrating efficacy of dietary interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains inconsistent. Recent research on the ketogenic diet (KD) for the treatment of ASD has suggested benefit. Children with ASD often demonstrate ritualized food specific behaviors, taste and texture aversions, and an increased prevalence of food restrictions and allergies. There is a need to investigate how these features contribute to initiation and adherence of the KD. Two surveys were administered to assess the feasibility of utilizing the KD for ASD. First, paper surveys were given to caregivers of children presenting to outpatient neurology clinics. Next, experienced clinicians were recruited and surveyed online using Redcap. χ2 analysis was used to compare ASD and non ASD caregiver responses. Descriptive metrics were used to present clinician responses. Responses to each question were evaluated individually. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Berichtetes und gemessenes Riech- und Schmeckvermögen in einer Long-COVID-Kohorte

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Berichtetes und gemessenes Riech- und Schmeckvermögen in einer Long-COVID-Kohorte via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1970-6510 Einleitung Störungen des Riech- und Schmecksinns werden häufig zahlenmäßig übereinstimmend als Long-COVID-Symptom beklagt. Anhand von Befunden einer Spezialsprechstunde (HNO-LCS) soll geklärt werden, wie groß tatsächlich der Anteil pathologischer olfaktorischer bzw. gustatorischer Diagnosen in dieser Kohorte ist. Methodik 48 erwachsene Patienten, die die HNO-LCS aus eigenem Leidensdruck aufsuchten, wurden nach ihrer Anamnese befragt, sie schätzten ihr Riech- (SER) und Schmeckvermögen (SES) mit Schulnoten ein und absolvierten als Riechtest den erweiterten Sniffin'Sticks-Test und als Schmecktest den 3-Tropfen-Test. Aus dem SDI-Riechscore und dem totalen Schmeckscore (SScore-total) wurden anhand von Normwerten Diagnosen erstellt. Zwischen den gemessenen Scores und der Selbsteinschätzung und zwischen SER und SES wurden Korrelationen berechnet. Ergebnisse Tatsächliche pathologische chemosensorische Diagnosen bestanden bei 90% der Patienten. Pathologische olfaktorische Diagnosen waren doppelt so häufig wie gustatorische. Bei 10% der Kohorte war keine pathologische Diagnose verifizierbar. Bei 6 Patienten wurde ein Anosmie-Ageusie-Syndrom diagnostiziert. SER korrelierte stark mit SDI. SES korrelierte moderat mit SScore-total. SER korrelierte stark mit SES. Schlussfolgerungen Bei der Interpretation berichteter chemosensorischer Symptome besteht die Gefahr einer Konfusion von Riechen und Schmecken durch die Betroffenen. Deshalb ist die Überprüfung der chemischen Sinne mit validierten Tests in Long-COVID-Ambulanzen wichtig. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on Web

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Tone in Noise Detection in Children with a History of Temporary Conductive Hearing Loss

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Tone in Noise Detection in Children with a History of Temporary Conductive Hearing Loss via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractChildren with a history of temporary conductive hearing loss (CHL) during early development may show long-term impairments in auditory processes that persist after restoration of normal audiometric hearing thresholds. Tones in noise provide a simplified paradigm for studying hearing in noise. Prior research has shown that adults with sensorineural hearing loss may alter their listening strategy to use single-channel energy cues for tone-in-noise (TIN) detection rather than rove-resistant envelope or spectral profile cues. Our objective was to determine the effect of early CHL on TIN detection in healthy children compared to controls. Children ages 4 –7 years, with and without a history of CHL due to otitis media with effusion (OME) before age 3 years, participated in a two-alte... View on Web

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A Computational Model of a Single Auditory Nerve Fiber for Electric-Acoustic Stimulation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Computational Model of a Single Auditory Nerve Fiber for Electric-Acoustic Stimulation via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractCochlear implant (CI) recipients with preserved acoustic low-frequency hearing in the implanted ear are a growing group among traditional CI users who benefit from hybrid electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS). However, combined ipsilateral electric and acoustic stimulation also introduces interactions between the two modalities that can affect the performance of EAS users. A computational model of a single auditory nerve fiber that is excited by EAS was developed to study the interaction between electric and acoustic stimulation. Two existing models of sole electric or acoustic stimulation were coupled to simulate responses to combined EAS. Different methods of combining both models were implemented. In the coupled model variant, the refractoriness of the simulated fiber leads to sup... View on Web

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Trotabresib, an oral potent bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor, in patients with high-grade gliomas: a phase I, “windowofopportunity” study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Trotabresib, an oral potent bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor, in patients with high-grade gliomas: a phase I, "windowofopportunity" study via Neuro-Oncology Advance Access Abstract Background The bromodomain and extraterminal protein (BET) inhibitor trotabresib has demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors, including high-grade gliomas. CC-90010-GBM-001 (NCT04047303) is a phase I study investigating the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and CNS penetration of trotabresib in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas scheduled for salvage resection. Methods Patients received trotabresib 30 mg/day on days 1–4 before surgery, followed by maintenance trotabresib 45 mg/day 4 days on/24 days off after surgery. Primary endpoints were plasma pharmacokinetics and trotabresib concentrations in resected tissue. Secondary and exploratory endpoints included safety, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity. Results Twenty patients received preoperative trotabresib and underwent resection with no delays or cancellations of surgery; 16 patients received maintenance trot abresib after recovery from surgery. Trotabresib plasma pharmacokinetics were consistent with previous data. Mean trotabresib brain tumor tissue:plasma ratio was 0.84 (estimated unbound partition coefficient [KPUU] 0.37), and modulation of pharmacodynamic markers was observed in blood and brain tumor tissue. Trotabresib was well tolerated; the most frequent grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse event during maintenance treatment was thrombocytopenia (5/16 patients). Sixmonth progression-free survival was 12%. Two patients remain on treatment with stable disease at cycles 25 and 30. Conclusions Trotabresib penetrates the blood–brain-tumor barrier in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma and demonstrates target engagement in resected tumor tissue. Plasma pharmacokinetics, blood pharmacodynamics, and safety were comparable with previous results for trotabresib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Investigation of adjuvant trotabresib + temozolomide and concom itant trotabresib + temozolomide + radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma is ongoing (NCT04324840). View on Web

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International variations in carcinoma and melanoma incidence in children and adolescents

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader International variations in carcinoma and melanoma incidence in children and adolescents via Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - current issue In order to compare the subtype distribution of carcinoma and melanoma in children and adolescents between Japan and other countries, we extracted information on cancer incidence in children and adolescents from the third volume of the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer series (IICC-3) (1). The IICC-3 reports the number or incidence rates of cancers diagnosed in childhood and adolescence, from cancer registries (regional or national) worldwide. We analysed carcinoma and melanoma incidence in four countries in Asia (Japan, China, the Republic of Korea and Thailand), two countries in Africa (Egypt and Uganda), four countries in the Americas (North: The United States of America and Canada, Latin and Caribbean: Brazil and Colombia), three countries in Europe (the United Kingdom [UK], France and Germany) and two countries in Oceania (Australia and New Z ealand). Information from the Republic of Korea, USA, UK, Australia and New Zealand was obtained at the national level, and that from the other countries was extracted from one or multiple regional cancer registries. The years of incidence included in the analyses varied from country to country, ranging from 1990 to 2014, with the shortest being 12 years (Egypt: 1999–2010, UK: 2000–2011) and the longest being 24 years (Japan and China: both 1990–2013). In this study, we compared the incidence and proportional distribution of carcinoma and melanoma subtypes in children (0–14 years old) and adolescents (15–19 years old) between these countries. View on Web

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