Erratum

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Modeling the Nature of Grammar and Vocabulary Trajectories From Prekindergarten to Third Grade

Purpose

This study investigated the longitudinal development of 2 important contributors to reading comprehension, grammar, and vocabulary skills. The primary interest was to examine the trajectories of the 2 skill areas from preschool to 3rd grade.

Method

The study involved a longitudinal sample of 420 children from 4 sites. Language skills, including grammar and vocabulary, were assessed annually with multiple measures. Multivariate latent growth curve modeling was used to examine the developmental trajectories of grammar and vocabulary, to test the correlation between the 2 domains, and to investigate the effects of demographic predictors on language growth.

Results

Results showed that both grammar and vocabulary exhibited decelerating growth from preschool to Grade 2. In Grade 3, grammar growth further flattened, whereas vocabulary continued to grow stably. Growth of vocabulary and grammar were positively correlated. Demographic characteristics, such as child gender and family socioeconomic status, were found to predict the intercept but not the slope of the growth trajectories.

Conclusions

Children's growth in grammar skills is differentiated in a number of important ways from their growth in vocabulary skills. Results of this study suggest the need to differentiate these dimensions of language when seeking to closely examine growth from preschool to primary grades.

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Long-Term Effects of Middle Ear Tendon Resection on Middle Ear Myoclonic Tinnitus, Hearing, and Hyperacusis

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of middle ear tendon resection (METR) on middle ear myoclonic tinnitus (MEMT) and to investigate its long-term effects on hearing and hyperacusis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven patients with MEMT with a mean age of 33.2 ± 11.8 years were included in this study. METR was performed on all 37 MEMT patients (41 ears) between November 2004 and August 2016. The mean follow-up period was 16.1 months. We examined changes in tinnitus and accompanying stress and depression in patients after surgery, and examined the hearing changes and the occurrence of complications including hyperacusis. Results: After surgery, 34 (91.9%) patients exhibited complete resolution of MEMT during their follow-up period, and 3 patients showed a partial response. The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for tinnitus severity, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), and stress index decreased significantly after surgery (p #x3c; 0.05, paired t test). No patient developed hearing loss or hyperacusis following surgery. Preexisting hyperacusis even improved in most of the patients with intractable MEMT after surgery. Recurrence of the symptom occurred in only 1 patient, who underwent revision surgery with improvement. We observed 1 case of postoperative delayed facial palsy with complete recovery in 2 weeks. Conclusions: METR seems to be an effective and safe treatment option for intractable MEMT, considering its high control rate of tinnitus and no long-term harmful effects on hearing and hyperacusis.
Audiol Neurotol 2017;22:343–349

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Evidence-Based Inclusion Criteria for Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Postlingual Deafness

Objectives: This study determined the relationship between preoperative phoneme and word scores and the gain in speech perception after cochlear implantation in a large cohort of patients. The authors aimed to define evidence-based selection criteria for cochlear implantations in adults with postlingual deafness. Design: This retrospective study included 364 adults with postlingual deafness who received a cochlear implant between 2000 and 2013 at the Leiden University Medical Center. The gain in speech perception observed postimplantation was compared with preoperative-aided/binaural speech perception scores, measured at 65 dB SPL in quiet. Patients who showed preoperative phoneme scores on monosyllabic words above 50% were also tested for speech perception in the presence of speech-shaped background noise, at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. Results: Speech perception in quiet improved after implantation in all except 7 patients. Average scores in quiet continued to improve, up to approximately 1 year after implantation. When participants were divided into five groups, based on preoperative speech perception scores, all groups showed gains in speech perception, except for the group with aided preoperative phoneme scores above 80%. However, all patients who were tested preoperatively with the addition of background noise showed improvements in speech perception in noise after the cochlear implantation. Conclusions: Although the decision to implant should consider individual ear differences and other factors that might apply to a particular case, based on our data, all patients with preoperative scores of either 80% (phonemes correct) or 60% (words correct) and lower in an optimal-aided situation are potential candidates for a cochlear implant, provided that their preoperative speech perception score decreases below 50% (phonemes correct) or 20% (words correct), when background noise is added at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This work was supported by grants from Leiden University Medical Center. J.J.B. and J.H.M.F. received nonrestrictive research grants from MedEl and Advanced Bionics for other research projects. Address for correspondence: Jeroen J. Briaire, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. E-mail: j.j.briaire@lumc.nl Received September 15, 2016; accepted January 26, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Evidence-Based Inclusion Criteria for Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Postlingual Deafness

Objectives: This study determined the relationship between preoperative phoneme and word scores and the gain in speech perception after cochlear implantation in a large cohort of patients. The authors aimed to define evidence-based selection criteria for cochlear implantations in adults with postlingual deafness. Design: This retrospective study included 364 adults with postlingual deafness who received a cochlear implant between 2000 and 2013 at the Leiden University Medical Center. The gain in speech perception observed postimplantation was compared with preoperative-aided/binaural speech perception scores, measured at 65 dB SPL in quiet. Patients who showed preoperative phoneme scores on monosyllabic words above 50% were also tested for speech perception in the presence of speech-shaped background noise, at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. Results: Speech perception in quiet improved after implantation in all except 7 patients. Average scores in quiet continued to improve, up to approximately 1 year after implantation. When participants were divided into five groups, based on preoperative speech perception scores, all groups showed gains in speech perception, except for the group with aided preoperative phoneme scores above 80%. However, all patients who were tested preoperatively with the addition of background noise showed improvements in speech perception in noise after the cochlear implantation. Conclusions: Although the decision to implant should consider individual ear differences and other factors that might apply to a particular case, based on our data, all patients with preoperative scores of either 80% (phonemes correct) or 60% (words correct) and lower in an optimal-aided situation are potential candidates for a cochlear implant, provided that their preoperative speech perception score decreases below 50% (phonemes correct) or 20% (words correct), when background noise is added at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This work was supported by grants from Leiden University Medical Center. J.J.B. and J.H.M.F. received nonrestrictive research grants from MedEl and Advanced Bionics for other research projects. Address for correspondence: Jeroen J. Briaire, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. E-mail: j.j.briaire@lumc.nl Received September 15, 2016; accepted January 26, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Evidence-Based Inclusion Criteria for Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Postlingual Deafness

Objectives: This study determined the relationship between preoperative phoneme and word scores and the gain in speech perception after cochlear implantation in a large cohort of patients. The authors aimed to define evidence-based selection criteria for cochlear implantations in adults with postlingual deafness. Design: This retrospective study included 364 adults with postlingual deafness who received a cochlear implant between 2000 and 2013 at the Leiden University Medical Center. The gain in speech perception observed postimplantation was compared with preoperative-aided/binaural speech perception scores, measured at 65 dB SPL in quiet. Patients who showed preoperative phoneme scores on monosyllabic words above 50% were also tested for speech perception in the presence of speech-shaped background noise, at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. Results: Speech perception in quiet improved after implantation in all except 7 patients. Average scores in quiet continued to improve, up to approximately 1 year after implantation. When participants were divided into five groups, based on preoperative speech perception scores, all groups showed gains in speech perception, except for the group with aided preoperative phoneme scores above 80%. However, all patients who were tested preoperatively with the addition of background noise showed improvements in speech perception in noise after the cochlear implantation. Conclusions: Although the decision to implant should consider individual ear differences and other factors that might apply to a particular case, based on our data, all patients with preoperative scores of either 80% (phonemes correct) or 60% (words correct) and lower in an optimal-aided situation are potential candidates for a cochlear implant, provided that their preoperative speech perception score decreases below 50% (phonemes correct) or 20% (words correct), when background noise is added at a +5 dB signal to noise ratio. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This work was supported by grants from Leiden University Medical Center. J.J.B. and J.H.M.F. received nonrestrictive research grants from MedEl and Advanced Bionics for other research projects. Address for correspondence: Jeroen J. Briaire, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. E-mail: j.j.briaire@lumc.nl Received September 15, 2016; accepted January 26, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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La intervención en habilidades narrativas en alumnado con dificultades del lenguaje. Una oportunidad para el trabajo colaborativo entre logopedas, profesorado y familias1

Publication date: April–June 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología, Volume 38, Issue 2
Author(s): Víctor M. Acosta Rodríguez, Nayarit del Valle Hernández, Gustavo Ramírez Santana




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