Objectives: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of delivering coping skills education from Progressive Tinnitus Management (PTM) by telephone (Tele-PTM). The trial followed a previous pilot study that showed positive results for Tele-PTM. Design: Participants included individuals with bothersome tinnitus (N = 205) located anywhere within the United States. A special emphasis was given to including individuals who had experienced one or more traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Participants were randomized to either Tele-PTM intervention or 6-month wait-list control (WLC). The Tele-PTM intervention involved five telephone appointments—two led by an audiologist (teaching how to use therapeutic sound) and three by a psychologist (teaching coping skills derived from cognitive-behavioral therapy). It was hypothesized that Tele-PTM would be more effective than WLC in reducing functional effects of tinnitus as measured with the Tinnitus Functional Index. Additional outcome measures included the Self-Efficacy for Managing Reactions to Tinnitus questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The effect of Tele-PTM on outcomes was estimated using linear mixed models. Results: Overall results showed convincingly that the Tele-PTM group had significantly better outcomes than the WLC group. These results were consistent across all outcome measures, indicating not only a reduction of tinnitus functional distress but also increased self-efficacy. Improvements in measures of anxiety and depression were also observed. Tele-PTM participants in all TBI categories showed significant improvement. Conclusions: Results provide strong support for use of Tele-PTM methodology for persons with bothersome tinnitus, regardless of whether the person also has TBI symptoms. The effect size for Tele-PTM was high for the primary outcome measure, the Tinnitus Functional Index, and all other outcome measures showed significant improvement. Combined with our previous pilot study, the Tele-PTM method is validated for potential nationwide provision of tinnitus services. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors give special recognition for significant contributions to this study by Cody Blankenship, BS; Johnna Gonzalez, BA, MS, BSN; Samantha Boris Karpel, PhD, MPH (dec); Marcia Legro, PhD; and Daniel McDermott, MA. J.A.H., E.J.T., T.L.Z., C.K., G.P.M, C.J.S., and P.J.M. designed the study. Study coordination was provided by E.J.T. and C.K. Telephone interventions were performed by T.L.Z. and C.J.S. Data analysis was performed by E.J.T. and G.P.M. All authors contributed to writing the manuscript. This trial was registered with ClinicialTrials.gov (identifier: NCT01129141). This study was funded by VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (C7452I and C9247S). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: James A. Henry, VA Portland Health Care System (NCRAR), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA. E-mail: james.henry@va.gov Received March 25, 2017; accepted April 5, 2018. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Τετάρτη 30 Μαΐου 2018
Telephone-Based Progressive Tinnitus Management for Persons With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objectives: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of delivering coping skills education from Progressive Tinnitus Management (PTM) by telephone (Tele-PTM). The trial followed a previous pilot study that showed positive results for Tele-PTM. Design: Participants included individuals with bothersome tinnitus (N = 205) located anywhere within the United States. A special emphasis was given to including individuals who had experienced one or more traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Participants were randomized to either Tele-PTM intervention or 6-month wait-list control (WLC). The Tele-PTM intervention involved five telephone appointments—two led by an audiologist (teaching how to use therapeutic sound) and three by a psychologist (teaching coping skills derived from cognitive-behavioral therapy). It was hypothesized that Tele-PTM would be more effective than WLC in reducing functional effects of tinnitus as measured with the Tinnitus Functional Index. Additional outcome measures included the Self-Efficacy for Managing Reactions to Tinnitus questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The effect of Tele-PTM on outcomes was estimated using linear mixed models. Results: Overall results showed convincingly that the Tele-PTM group had significantly better outcomes than the WLC group. These results were consistent across all outcome measures, indicating not only a reduction of tinnitus functional distress but also increased self-efficacy. Improvements in measures of anxiety and depression were also observed. Tele-PTM participants in all TBI categories showed significant improvement. Conclusions: Results provide strong support for use of Tele-PTM methodology for persons with bothersome tinnitus, regardless of whether the person also has TBI symptoms. The effect size for Tele-PTM was high for the primary outcome measure, the Tinnitus Functional Index, and all other outcome measures showed significant improvement. Combined with our previous pilot study, the Tele-PTM method is validated for potential nationwide provision of tinnitus services. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors give special recognition for significant contributions to this study by Cody Blankenship, BS; Johnna Gonzalez, BA, MS, BSN; Samantha Boris Karpel, PhD, MPH (dec); Marcia Legro, PhD; and Daniel McDermott, MA. J.A.H., E.J.T., T.L.Z., C.K., G.P.M, C.J.S., and P.J.M. designed the study. Study coordination was provided by E.J.T. and C.K. Telephone interventions were performed by T.L.Z. and C.J.S. Data analysis was performed by E.J.T. and G.P.M. All authors contributed to writing the manuscript. This trial was registered with ClinicialTrials.gov (identifier: NCT01129141). This study was funded by VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (C7452I and C9247S). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: James A. Henry, VA Portland Health Care System (NCRAR), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA. E-mail: james.henry@va.gov Received March 25, 2017; accepted April 5, 2018. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Telephone-Based Progressive Tinnitus Management for Persons With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objectives: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of delivering coping skills education from Progressive Tinnitus Management (PTM) by telephone (Tele-PTM). The trial followed a previous pilot study that showed positive results for Tele-PTM. Design: Participants included individuals with bothersome tinnitus (N = 205) located anywhere within the United States. A special emphasis was given to including individuals who had experienced one or more traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Participants were randomized to either Tele-PTM intervention or 6-month wait-list control (WLC). The Tele-PTM intervention involved five telephone appointments—two led by an audiologist (teaching how to use therapeutic sound) and three by a psychologist (teaching coping skills derived from cognitive-behavioral therapy). It was hypothesized that Tele-PTM would be more effective than WLC in reducing functional effects of tinnitus as measured with the Tinnitus Functional Index. Additional outcome measures included the Self-Efficacy for Managing Reactions to Tinnitus questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The effect of Tele-PTM on outcomes was estimated using linear mixed models. Results: Overall results showed convincingly that the Tele-PTM group had significantly better outcomes than the WLC group. These results were consistent across all outcome measures, indicating not only a reduction of tinnitus functional distress but also increased self-efficacy. Improvements in measures of anxiety and depression were also observed. Tele-PTM participants in all TBI categories showed significant improvement. Conclusions: Results provide strong support for use of Tele-PTM methodology for persons with bothersome tinnitus, regardless of whether the person also has TBI symptoms. The effect size for Tele-PTM was high for the primary outcome measure, the Tinnitus Functional Index, and all other outcome measures showed significant improvement. Combined with our previous pilot study, the Tele-PTM method is validated for potential nationwide provision of tinnitus services. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors give special recognition for significant contributions to this study by Cody Blankenship, BS; Johnna Gonzalez, BA, MS, BSN; Samantha Boris Karpel, PhD, MPH (dec); Marcia Legro, PhD; and Daniel McDermott, MA. J.A.H., E.J.T., T.L.Z., C.K., G.P.M, C.J.S., and P.J.M. designed the study. Study coordination was provided by E.J.T. and C.K. Telephone interventions were performed by T.L.Z. and C.J.S. Data analysis was performed by E.J.T. and G.P.M. All authors contributed to writing the manuscript. This trial was registered with ClinicialTrials.gov (identifier: NCT01129141). This study was funded by VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (C7452I and C9247S). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: James A. Henry, VA Portland Health Care System (NCRAR), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA. E-mail: james.henry@va.gov Received March 25, 2017; accepted April 5, 2018. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Σάββατο 26 Μαΐου 2018
Παρασκευή 25 Μαΐου 2018
Corrigendum.
| Related Articles |
Corrigendum.
Int J Audiol. 2018 May 23;:1
Authors:
PMID: 29792054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Corrigendum.
| Related Articles |
Corrigendum.
Int J Audiol. 2018 May 23;:1
Authors:
PMID: 29792054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Corrigendum.
| Related Articles |
Corrigendum.
Int J Audiol. 2018 May 23;:1
Authors:
PMID: 29792054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Πέμπτη 24 Μαΐου 2018
Study Develops New Hearing Test Model for Public Safety Professionals
Extended speech intelligibility index (ESII) modeling of fluctuating real-world noise environments may be helpful in characterizing their predicted impact on the ability to perform hearing-critical tasks, a newly published study reports.
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
Published: 5/21/2018 3:28:00 PM
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Hearing Loss Treatment as Simple as Salt and Sugar
A simple injection of a salt- or sugar-based solution into the middle ear may help preserve hearing after noise exposure, according to a new study (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 May 7. pii: 201720121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1720121115. [Epub ahead of print]). Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC) exposed mice to a loud noise similar to that of a roadside bomb, and discovered that after exposure to a loud noise, irreversible sensory hair cell death occurred immediately and the inner ear filled with excess fluid, which led to the death of neurons but had a delayed onset. They identified that as a window of opportunity for treatment, and devised salt- and sugar-based solutions to reverse the effects of potassium in the excess fluid and reduce fluid buildup. Injecting these solutions into the middle ear three hours after noise exposure prevented 45 to 64 percent of neuron loss, and could be a way to preserve hearing function.
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
Published: 5/21/2018 11:52:00 AM
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'Early hearing loss could pave the way for dementia,' study says
Young people should take better care of their hearing, new research warns, or they may expose themselves to a heightened risk of cognitive impairments.
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What to know about otomycosis
Otomycosis is a fungal infection in the outer ear canal, usually caused by the Aspergillus fungus. It can be painful, causing inflammation, flaking skin, and ear discharge. Otomycosis usually responds well to antifungal eardrops or creams. Learn about otomycosis here and how it can become chronic.
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Study Develops New Hearing Test Model for Public Safety Professionals
Extended speech intelligibility index (ESII) modeling of fluctuating real-world noise environments may be helpful in characterizing their predicted impact on the ability to perform hearing-critical tasks, a newly published study reports.
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
Published: 5/21/2018 3:28:00 PM
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Hearing Loss Treatment as Simple as Salt and Sugar
A simple injection of a salt- or sugar-based solution into the middle ear may help preserve hearing after noise exposure, according to a new study (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 May 7. pii: 201720121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1720121115. [Epub ahead of print]). Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC) exposed mice to a loud noise similar to that of a roadside bomb, and discovered that after exposure to a loud noise, irreversible sensory hair cell death occurred immediately and the inner ear filled with excess fluid, which led to the death of neurons but had a delayed onset. They identified that as a window of opportunity for treatment, and devised salt- and sugar-based solutions to reverse the effects of potassium in the excess fluid and reduce fluid buildup. Injecting these solutions into the middle ear three hours after noise exposure prevented 45 to 64 percent of neuron loss, and could be a way to preserve hearing function.
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
Published: 5/21/2018 11:52:00 AM
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Study Develops New Hearing Test Model for Public Safety Professionals
Extended speech intelligibility index (ESII) modeling of fluctuating real-world noise environments may be helpful in characterizing their predicted impact on the ability to perform hearing-critical tasks, a newly published study reports.
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
ESII is used to estimate the speech reception thresholds (SRT) in real-world, non-stationary noise environments and provides value required for effective speech communication with respect to levels of vocal efforts and distance between communicators.
Researchers conducted five occupational hearing studies over a 17-year period to establish an objective, evidence-based approaches for hearing assessments of public safety and law enforcement officers who must perform hearing-critical tasks.
In each study, essential hearing-critical tasks and the real-world noise environments where these tasks are performed were identified. Calibrated recordings of the noise environments were made. ESII was calculated for each four-second interval in each noise environment recording. Using these data and the ESII calculated value for likelihood of effective speech, researchers determined the likelihood of effective speech communication in each noise environment for different communication distances and varying levels of vocal effort. The results of the study provide an objective norm-referenced and standardized approach to determining the impact of real-world noise on an individual's ability to perform essential hearing-critical tasks.
In the study's discussion, researchers described the motivation behind the development of ESII modeling which was based on the need to evaluate the hearing abilities of individuals who seek to perform jobs that include essential hearing-critical tasks.
Sigfrid D. Soli, PhD, lead author and senior clinical research scientist at House Clinic, told The Hearing Journal that over the past 20 years, a total of five government agencies in the United States and Canada recognized the need to establish objective, evidence-based methods for assessment of individuals who must perform hearing-critical tasks in public safety and law enforcement jobs. “Their hearing standards had become outdated and relied on diagnostic measures of hearing, such as the audiogram, which may not accurately and objectively assess the functional hearing abilities needed to perform hearing-critical job tasks. Thus, such standards may be inconsistent with Federal laws and legal rulings that require occupational medical standards to be job-related," explained Soli.
"The first agency to address this need was the California Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) Commission. They came to the House Ear Institute in Los Angeles where I worked at that time, and we did the laboratory and field work necessary to establish and validate new assessment methods that would meet this need. The POST medical guidelines for hearing assessment were updated based on our findings. These guidelines provided an example for other public safety and law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and Canada that, over the following years, commissioned studies to update their hearing guidelines and standards," he added.
When asked about the impact of the study, Soli explained "New objective, evidence-based hearing guidelines and standards have been established for many public safety and law enforcement jobs in the U.S. and Canada. These guidelines and standards can provide a more accurate means of hearing assessment for applicants and incumbents that are legally defensible, and that maintain the safety of the individual and the public."
Published: 5/21/2018 3:28:00 PM
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Hearing Loss Treatment as Simple as Salt and Sugar
A simple injection of a salt- or sugar-based solution into the middle ear may help preserve hearing after noise exposure, according to a new study (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 May 7. pii: 201720121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1720121115. [Epub ahead of print]). Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC) exposed mice to a loud noise similar to that of a roadside bomb, and discovered that after exposure to a loud noise, irreversible sensory hair cell death occurred immediately and the inner ear filled with excess fluid, which led to the death of neurons but had a delayed onset. They identified that as a window of opportunity for treatment, and devised salt- and sugar-based solutions to reverse the effects of potassium in the excess fluid and reduce fluid buildup. Injecting these solutions into the middle ear three hours after noise exposure prevented 45 to 64 percent of neuron loss, and could be a way to preserve hearing function.
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
John Oghalai, MD, one of the study authors and the chair and a professor of the USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, said the treatment could have several potential applications. "I can envision soldiers carrying a small bottle of this solution with them and using it to prevent hearing damage after exposure to blast pressure from a roadside bomb," he said in a press release. "It might also have potential as a treatment for other diseases of the inner ear that are associated with fluid buildup, such as Meniere's disease." Oghalai and his team plan to conduct further research on the exact sequence of steps between fluid buildup in the inner ear and neuron death, as well as clinical trials of their potential treatment for noise-induced hearing loss.
“I am thrilled to be working collaboratively in the academic environment at USC that fosters translational research such as this,” Oghalai told The Hearing Journal. “It took a large team of physiologists, anatomists, and bioengineers, all working in concert, to perform these studies, and we are all hoping that this work will lead to new treatments for hearing loss.”
Published: 5/21/2018 11:52:00 AM
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'Early hearing loss could pave the way for dementia,' study says
Young people should take better care of their hearing, new research warns, or they may expose themselves to a heightened risk of cognitive impairments.
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What to know about otomycosis
Otomycosis is a fungal infection in the outer ear canal, usually caused by the Aspergillus fungus. It can be painful, causing inflammation, flaking skin, and ear discharge. Otomycosis usually responds well to antifungal eardrops or creams. Learn about otomycosis here and how it can become chronic.
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'Early hearing loss could pave the way for dementia,' study says
Young people should take better care of their hearing, new research warns, or they may expose themselves to a heightened risk of cognitive impairments.
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What to know about otomycosis
Otomycosis is a fungal infection in the outer ear canal, usually caused by the Aspergillus fungus. It can be painful, causing inflammation, flaking skin, and ear discharge. Otomycosis usually responds well to antifungal eardrops or creams. Learn about otomycosis here and how it can become chronic.
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Voltage-gated calcium influx modifies cholinergic inhibition of inner hair cells in the immature rat cochlea.
| Related Articles |
Voltage-gated calcium influx modifies cholinergic inhibition of inner hair cells in the immature rat cochlea.
J Neurosci. 2018 May 22;:
Authors: Zachary S, Nowak N, Vyas P, Bonanni L, Albert Fuchs P
Abstract
Until postnatal day 12, inner hair cells of the rat cochlea are invested with both afferent and efferent synaptic connections. With the onset of hearing at P12, the efferent synapses disappear, and afferent (ribbon) synapses operate with greater efficiency. This change coincides with increased expression of voltage-gated potassium channels, the loss of calcium-dependent electrogenesis, and the onset of graded receptor potentials driven by sound. The transient efferent synapses include near-membrane postsynaptic cisterns thought to regulate calcium influx through the hair cell's α9α10-nAChR that activates small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels. Serial section electron microscopy of inner hair cells from two 9-day-old (male) rat pups revealed many postsynaptic efferent cisterns and presynaptic afferent ribbons whose average minimal separation in 5 cells ranged from 1.1 to 1.7 μm. Efferent synaptic function was studied in rat pups (7-9 days of age) of either sex. The duration of these SK channel mediated inhibitory synaptic currents (IPSCs) was increased by enhanced calcium influx through L-type voltage-gated channels, combined with ryanodine-sensitive release from internal stores - presumably the near-membrane postsynaptic cistern. These data support the possibility that inner hair cell calcium electrogenesis modulates the efficacy of efferent inhibition during the maturation of inner hair cell synapses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStrict calcium buffering is essential for cellular function. This problem is especially acute for compact hair cells where increasing cytoplasmic calcium promotes the opposing functions of closely adjoining afferent and efferent synapses. The near-membrane postsynaptic cistern at efferent synapses segregates synaptic calcium signals by acting as a dynamic calcium store. The hair cell serves as an informative model for synapses with postsynaptic cisterns ('C-synapses') found in central neurons.
PMID: 29789373 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Voltage-gated calcium influx modifies cholinergic inhibition of inner hair cells in the immature rat cochlea.
| Related Articles |
Voltage-gated calcium influx modifies cholinergic inhibition of inner hair cells in the immature rat cochlea.
J Neurosci. 2018 May 22;:
Authors: Zachary S, Nowak N, Vyas P, Bonanni L, Albert Fuchs P
Abstract
Until postnatal day 12, inner hair cells of the rat cochlea are invested with both afferent and efferent synaptic connections. With the onset of hearing at P12, the efferent synapses disappear, and afferent (ribbon) synapses operate with greater efficiency. This change coincides with increased expression of voltage-gated potassium channels, the loss of calcium-dependent electrogenesis, and the onset of graded receptor potentials driven by sound. The transient efferent synapses include near-membrane postsynaptic cisterns thought to regulate calcium influx through the hair cell's α9α10-nAChR that activates small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels. Serial section electron microscopy of inner hair cells from two 9-day-old (male) rat pups revealed many postsynaptic efferent cisterns and presynaptic afferent ribbons whose average minimal separation in 5 cells ranged from 1.1 to 1.7 μm. Efferent synaptic function was studied in rat pups (7-9 days of age) of either sex. The duration of these SK channel mediated inhibitory synaptic currents (IPSCs) was increased by enhanced calcium influx through L-type voltage-gated channels, combined with ryanodine-sensitive release from internal stores - presumably the near-membrane postsynaptic cistern. These data support the possibility that inner hair cell calcium electrogenesis modulates the efficacy of efferent inhibition during the maturation of inner hair cell synapses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStrict calcium buffering is essential for cellular function. This problem is especially acute for compact hair cells where increasing cytoplasmic calcium promotes the opposing functions of closely adjoining afferent and efferent synapses. The near-membrane postsynaptic cistern at efferent synapses segregates synaptic calcium signals by acting as a dynamic calcium store. The hair cell serves as an informative model for synapses with postsynaptic cisterns ('C-synapses') found in central neurons.
PMID: 29789373 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica encontrada en Scopus y Web Of Science sobre rehabilitación vocal fisiológica
Publication date: Available online 23 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en español: comparación entre la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica encontrada en Scopus y Web Of Science sobre rehabilitación vocal fisiológica
Publication date: Available online 23 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en español: comparación entre la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica encontrada en Scopus y Web Of Science sobre rehabilitación vocal fisiológica
Publication date: Available online 23 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, María A. Ríos-Ramírez
IntroducciónEl presente estudio analiza la producción científica internacional encontrada en Scopus y Web of Science relacionada con la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica en el periodo 2006 a 2015.MetodologíaEstudio exploratorio-descriptivo con 3 fases de desarrollo: a) selección de palabras clave y criterios de búsqueda; b) búsqueda y sistematización de información; c) análisis de la información.ResultadosLa mayor producción científica se identifica en la herramienta de búsqueda Scopus bajo el criterio de búsqueda «voice therapy». Se analizaron un total de 167 publicaciones, realizando correlaciones a partir de las variables año, criterios de búsqueda, autores, factor de impacto por cuartil y por citación.ConclusiónExiste alta correlación y grado de solapamiento entre ambas bases de datos. Sin embargo, Scopus comparada con Web of Science, con relación a las líneas de la Corriente de Rehabilitación Vocal Fisiológica y para el periodo estudiado, presentó un mayor porcentaje de producción científica. Las líneas con mayor impacto científico son «terapia Lee Silverman» y «ejercicios de la función vocal». «Ejercicios TVSO» y «terapia de voz resonante», con menos porcentaje de publicaciones, desde 2011 incrementan progresivamente factores de alto impacto.IntroductionThe present study looks at the international scientific production found in Scopus and Web of Science, related to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current in the period 2006-2015.MethodologyExploratory-descriptive study with three phases of development: A) selection of keywords and search criteria; B) search and systematization of information; C) analysis of information.ResultsThe highest scientific production is identified in the Scopus search tool under the “voice therapy” search criterion. A total of 167 publications were analyzed, making correlations from the year, search criteria, authors, impact factor by quartile and by citation variables.ConclusionThere is a high correlation and degree of overlap between the two databases. However, Scopus compared to Web of Science, in relation to the Physiological Vocal Rehabilitation Current lines and for the period studied, presented a higher percentage of scientific production. The lines with the greatest scientific impact are “Lee Silverman therapy” and “vocal function exercises”. “SOVT exercises” and “resonant voice therapy”, with less percentage of publications, since 2011 progressively increase high impact factors.
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Marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en español: comparación entre la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Gerardo Aguado, Juan Cruz Ripoll, Milagros M. Tapia, Mark Gibson
ObjetivoEl objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje.ParticipantesSe han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico.ResultadosLos análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación.Discusión y conclusionesSe explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulación y desarrollo típico.ObjectiveThis study compares two markers of Specific Language Impairment in Spanish children aged 5 to 7. The markers examined are sentence repetition and pseudoword repetition, which are the two main tasks outlined in the research to identify this disorder. Both contemplate memory deficits as the source of this disorder. We review the ways in which these tasks have been used in marking Specific Language Impairment.ParticipantsThese tasks have been applied to three groups of children, aged 5 to 7 years; one consisting of children with Specific Language Impairment, another of children with Speech Sound Disorder and another of children who are typically developing.ResultsThe results of the discriminant analysis and ROC curve show that sentence repetition exhibits higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with Specific Language Impairment from children who are typically developing, but only show modest sensibility in differentiating children who are typically developing from children with Speech Sound Disorder. Neither of the two tasks can distinguish with acceptable accuracy children with Specific Language Impairment from children with Speech Sound Disorder.Discussion and conclusionsWe explain the reasons of different marking power to identify children with Specific Language Impairment, Speech Sound Disorder and typical development.
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Τετάρτη 23 Μαΐου 2018
Effects of Amplification and Hearing Aid Experience on the Contribution of Specific Frequency Bands to Loudness
Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to describe the effect of hearing aid amplification on the contribution of specific frequency bands to overall loudness in adult listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Results for listeners with SNHL were compared with results for listeners with normal hearing (NH) to evaluate whether amplification restores the normal perception of loudness for broadband sound. A secondary aim of this study is to determine whether the loudness perception of new hearing aid users becomes closer to normal over the first few months of hearing aid use. It was hypothesized that amplification would cause the high-frequency bands to contribute most to the perception of loudness and that this effect might decrease as new hearing aid users adapt to amplification. Design: In experiment 1, 8 adult listeners with SNHL completed a two-interval forced-choice loudness task in unaided and aided conditions. A control group of 7 listeners with NH completed the task in the unaided condition only. Stimuli were composed of seven summed noise bands whose levels were independently adjusted between presentations. During a trial, two stimuli were presented, and listeners determined the louder one. The correlation between the difference in levels for a given noise band on every trial and the listener’s response was calculated. The resulting measure is termed the perceptual weight because it provides an estimate of the relative contribution of a given frequency region to overall loudness. In experiment 2, a separate group of 6 new hearing aid users repeated identical procedures on 2 sessions separated by 12 weeks. Results: Results for listeners with SNHL were similar in experiments 1 and 2. In the unaided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the low-frequency bands. In the aided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the high-frequency bands. On average, the aided perceptual weights for listeners with SNHL for high-frequency bands were greater than the unaided weights for listeners with NH. In experiment 2, hearing aid experience did not have a significant effect on perceptual weights. Conclusions: The high frequencies seem to dominate loudness perception in listeners with SNHL using hearing aids as they do in listeners with NH. However, the results suggest that amplification causes high frequencies to have a larger contribution to overall loudness compared with listeners with NH. The contribution of the high frequencies to loudness did not change after an acclimatization period for the first-time hearing aid users. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors credit Thomas Creutz for waveform computation and development of a data extraction program and thank the clinical audiologists at Boys Town National Research Hospital for their willingness to assist with subject recruitment and gathering of clinical data. Funding for the project was provided by the National Institute of Health NIDCD grant R01 DC011806. Participant recruitment was facilitated by P30 DC004662. These experiments were presented at two consecutive meetings of the American Auditory Society in Scottsdale, AZ; experiment 1 was presented in 2016, and experiment 2 was presented in 2017. This work was performed in collaboration with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in fulfillment of the first author’s Doctor of Audiology (AuD) capstone research project. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Katie Thrailkill, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 N 30th St, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. E-mail: kthrailkill@huskers.unl.edu Received May 16, 2017; accepted March 27, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Heritability of Age-Related Hearing Loss in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese: A Population-Based Twin Study
Objectives: The heritability of age-related hearing loss has been studied mostly in developed countries. The authors aimed to estimate the heritability of better ear hearing level (BEHL), defined as hearing level of the better ear at a given frequency, and pure-tone averages at the middle (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz) and high (4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz) frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese twins, and to explore their genetic correlations. Design: This population-based twin study included 226 monozygotic and 132 dizygotic twin-pairs and 1 triplet (age range, 33 to 80 years; mean age, 51.55 years). Pure-tone air-conducted hearing thresholds in each ear were measured at the frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz with a diagnostic audiometer. Univariate and multivariate twin models were fitted to evaluate heritability and genetic correlations. Results: Our data showed a reverse J-shaped pattern of BEHLs at six frequencies by age and sex. Univariate analysis showed that the heritability of BEHLs at the frequencies between 2.0 and 12.5 kHz ranged from 47.08 to 54.20%, but the heritability at the frequencies of 0.5 and 1.0 kHz was 1.65% and 18.68%, respectively. The heritability of pure-tone average at the middle and high frequencies was 34.77% and 43.26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant genetic correlations among BEHLs at all six frequencies, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.48 to 0.83 at middle frequencies, and from 0.46 to 0.75 at high frequencies. Conclusions: This population-based twin study suggests that genetic factors are associated with age-related hearing loss at middle and high frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants no. 81703292 and 31371024), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590622), the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project (2015150), the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund, the Qingdao Outstanding Health Professional Development Fund, and the Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Program (2015wso329). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Dongfeng Zhang, Department of Public Health, Qingdao University Medical College, Dengzhou Street 38, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. E-mail: zhangdf1961@126.com; or Chengxuan Qiu, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18, 171 65 Solna, Sweden. E-mail: chengxuan.qiu@ki.se Received October 31, 2016; accepted March 30, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Effects of Amplification and Hearing Aid Experience on the Contribution of Specific Frequency Bands to Loudness
Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to describe the effect of hearing aid amplification on the contribution of specific frequency bands to overall loudness in adult listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Results for listeners with SNHL were compared with results for listeners with normal hearing (NH) to evaluate whether amplification restores the normal perception of loudness for broadband sound. A secondary aim of this study is to determine whether the loudness perception of new hearing aid users becomes closer to normal over the first few months of hearing aid use. It was hypothesized that amplification would cause the high-frequency bands to contribute most to the perception of loudness and that this effect might decrease as new hearing aid users adapt to amplification. Design: In experiment 1, 8 adult listeners with SNHL completed a two-interval forced-choice loudness task in unaided and aided conditions. A control group of 7 listeners with NH completed the task in the unaided condition only. Stimuli were composed of seven summed noise bands whose levels were independently adjusted between presentations. During a trial, two stimuli were presented, and listeners determined the louder one. The correlation between the difference in levels for a given noise band on every trial and the listener’s response was calculated. The resulting measure is termed the perceptual weight because it provides an estimate of the relative contribution of a given frequency region to overall loudness. In experiment 2, a separate group of 6 new hearing aid users repeated identical procedures on 2 sessions separated by 12 weeks. Results: Results for listeners with SNHL were similar in experiments 1 and 2. In the unaided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the low-frequency bands. In the aided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the high-frequency bands. On average, the aided perceptual weights for listeners with SNHL for high-frequency bands were greater than the unaided weights for listeners with NH. In experiment 2, hearing aid experience did not have a significant effect on perceptual weights. Conclusions: The high frequencies seem to dominate loudness perception in listeners with SNHL using hearing aids as they do in listeners with NH. However, the results suggest that amplification causes high frequencies to have a larger contribution to overall loudness compared with listeners with NH. The contribution of the high frequencies to loudness did not change after an acclimatization period for the first-time hearing aid users. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors credit Thomas Creutz for waveform computation and development of a data extraction program and thank the clinical audiologists at Boys Town National Research Hospital for their willingness to assist with subject recruitment and gathering of clinical data. Funding for the project was provided by the National Institute of Health NIDCD grant R01 DC011806. Participant recruitment was facilitated by P30 DC004662. These experiments were presented at two consecutive meetings of the American Auditory Society in Scottsdale, AZ; experiment 1 was presented in 2016, and experiment 2 was presented in 2017. This work was performed in collaboration with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in fulfillment of the first author’s Doctor of Audiology (AuD) capstone research project. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Katie Thrailkill, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 N 30th St, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. E-mail: kthrailkill@huskers.unl.edu Received May 16, 2017; accepted March 27, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Heritability of Age-Related Hearing Loss in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese: A Population-Based Twin Study
Objectives: The heritability of age-related hearing loss has been studied mostly in developed countries. The authors aimed to estimate the heritability of better ear hearing level (BEHL), defined as hearing level of the better ear at a given frequency, and pure-tone averages at the middle (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz) and high (4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz) frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese twins, and to explore their genetic correlations. Design: This population-based twin study included 226 monozygotic and 132 dizygotic twin-pairs and 1 triplet (age range, 33 to 80 years; mean age, 51.55 years). Pure-tone air-conducted hearing thresholds in each ear were measured at the frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz with a diagnostic audiometer. Univariate and multivariate twin models were fitted to evaluate heritability and genetic correlations. Results: Our data showed a reverse J-shaped pattern of BEHLs at six frequencies by age and sex. Univariate analysis showed that the heritability of BEHLs at the frequencies between 2.0 and 12.5 kHz ranged from 47.08 to 54.20%, but the heritability at the frequencies of 0.5 and 1.0 kHz was 1.65% and 18.68%, respectively. The heritability of pure-tone average at the middle and high frequencies was 34.77% and 43.26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant genetic correlations among BEHLs at all six frequencies, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.48 to 0.83 at middle frequencies, and from 0.46 to 0.75 at high frequencies. Conclusions: This population-based twin study suggests that genetic factors are associated with age-related hearing loss at middle and high frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants no. 81703292 and 31371024), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590622), the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project (2015150), the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund, the Qingdao Outstanding Health Professional Development Fund, and the Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Program (2015wso329). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Dongfeng Zhang, Department of Public Health, Qingdao University Medical College, Dengzhou Street 38, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. E-mail: zhangdf1961@126.com; or Chengxuan Qiu, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18, 171 65 Solna, Sweden. E-mail: chengxuan.qiu@ki.se Received October 31, 2016; accepted March 30, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Effects of Amplification and Hearing Aid Experience on the Contribution of Specific Frequency Bands to Loudness
Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to describe the effect of hearing aid amplification on the contribution of specific frequency bands to overall loudness in adult listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Results for listeners with SNHL were compared with results for listeners with normal hearing (NH) to evaluate whether amplification restores the normal perception of loudness for broadband sound. A secondary aim of this study is to determine whether the loudness perception of new hearing aid users becomes closer to normal over the first few months of hearing aid use. It was hypothesized that amplification would cause the high-frequency bands to contribute most to the perception of loudness and that this effect might decrease as new hearing aid users adapt to amplification. Design: In experiment 1, 8 adult listeners with SNHL completed a two-interval forced-choice loudness task in unaided and aided conditions. A control group of 7 listeners with NH completed the task in the unaided condition only. Stimuli were composed of seven summed noise bands whose levels were independently adjusted between presentations. During a trial, two stimuli were presented, and listeners determined the louder one. The correlation between the difference in levels for a given noise band on every trial and the listener’s response was calculated. The resulting measure is termed the perceptual weight because it provides an estimate of the relative contribution of a given frequency region to overall loudness. In experiment 2, a separate group of 6 new hearing aid users repeated identical procedures on 2 sessions separated by 12 weeks. Results: Results for listeners with SNHL were similar in experiments 1 and 2. In the unaided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the low-frequency bands. In the aided condition, perceptual weights were greatest for the high-frequency bands. On average, the aided perceptual weights for listeners with SNHL for high-frequency bands were greater than the unaided weights for listeners with NH. In experiment 2, hearing aid experience did not have a significant effect on perceptual weights. Conclusions: The high frequencies seem to dominate loudness perception in listeners with SNHL using hearing aids as they do in listeners with NH. However, the results suggest that amplification causes high frequencies to have a larger contribution to overall loudness compared with listeners with NH. The contribution of the high frequencies to loudness did not change after an acclimatization period for the first-time hearing aid users. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors credit Thomas Creutz for waveform computation and development of a data extraction program and thank the clinical audiologists at Boys Town National Research Hospital for their willingness to assist with subject recruitment and gathering of clinical data. Funding for the project was provided by the National Institute of Health NIDCD grant R01 DC011806. Participant recruitment was facilitated by P30 DC004662. These experiments were presented at two consecutive meetings of the American Auditory Society in Scottsdale, AZ; experiment 1 was presented in 2016, and experiment 2 was presented in 2017. This work was performed in collaboration with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in fulfillment of the first author’s Doctor of Audiology (AuD) capstone research project. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Katie Thrailkill, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 N 30th St, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. E-mail: kthrailkill@huskers.unl.edu Received May 16, 2017; accepted March 27, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Heritability of Age-Related Hearing Loss in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese: A Population-Based Twin Study
Objectives: The heritability of age-related hearing loss has been studied mostly in developed countries. The authors aimed to estimate the heritability of better ear hearing level (BEHL), defined as hearing level of the better ear at a given frequency, and pure-tone averages at the middle (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz) and high (4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz) frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese twins, and to explore their genetic correlations. Design: This population-based twin study included 226 monozygotic and 132 dizygotic twin-pairs and 1 triplet (age range, 33 to 80 years; mean age, 51.55 years). Pure-tone air-conducted hearing thresholds in each ear were measured at the frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz with a diagnostic audiometer. Univariate and multivariate twin models were fitted to evaluate heritability and genetic correlations. Results: Our data showed a reverse J-shaped pattern of BEHLs at six frequencies by age and sex. Univariate analysis showed that the heritability of BEHLs at the frequencies between 2.0 and 12.5 kHz ranged from 47.08 to 54.20%, but the heritability at the frequencies of 0.5 and 1.0 kHz was 1.65% and 18.68%, respectively. The heritability of pure-tone average at the middle and high frequencies was 34.77% and 43.26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant genetic correlations among BEHLs at all six frequencies, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.48 to 0.83 at middle frequencies, and from 0.46 to 0.75 at high frequencies. Conclusions: This population-based twin study suggests that genetic factors are associated with age-related hearing loss at middle and high frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ear-hearing.com). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants no. 81703292 and 31371024), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590622), the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project (2015150), the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund, the Qingdao Outstanding Health Professional Development Fund, and the Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Program (2015wso329). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Address for correspondence: Dongfeng Zhang, Department of Public Health, Qingdao University Medical College, Dengzhou Street 38, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. E-mail: zhangdf1961@126.com; or Chengxuan Qiu, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18, 171 65 Solna, Sweden. E-mail: chengxuan.qiu@ki.se Received October 31, 2016; accepted March 30, 2018. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Using aided cortical assessment as an objective tool to evaluate cochlear implant fitting in users with single-sided deafness.
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Related Articles |
Using aided cortical assessment as an objective tool to evaluate cochlear implant fitting in users with single-sided deafness.
PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0193081
Authors: Távora-Vieira D, Wedekind A, Marino R, Purdy SC, Rajan GP
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) to verify, and if necessary, optimize the cochlear implant (CI) fitting of adult CI users with postlingual single-sided deafness (SSD).
METHODS: Sound field cortical responses to the speech tokens /m/, /g/, /t/, and /s/ were recorded from input to the CI while the normal hearing ear was masked. Responses were evaluated by visual inspection and classified as presence or absence of the CAEPs components P1, N1, P2. In case of an absence fitting was adjusted accordingly. After fitting, subjects were asked to use their new setting for 2-3 weeks for acclimatization purposes and then return for retesting. At retesting, new CAEP recordings were performed to objectively ensure that the new fitting maps effectively activated the auditory cortex.
RESULTS: In 14/19 subjects, as per visual inspection, clear CAEPs were recorded by each speech token and were, therefore, not refit. In the other 5 subjects, CAEPs could not be evoked for at least one speech token. The fitting maps in these subjects were adjusted until clear CAEPs were evoked for all 4 speech tokens.
CONCLUSIONS: CAEP can be used to quickly and objectively verify the suitability of CI fitting in experienced adult CI users with SSD. If used in the early post-implantation stage, this method could help CI users derive greater benefit for CI use and, therefore, be more committed to auditory training.
PMID: 29470548 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Using aided cortical assessment as an objective tool to evaluate cochlear implant fitting in users with single-sided deafness.
| |
Related Articles |
Using aided cortical assessment as an objective tool to evaluate cochlear implant fitting in users with single-sided deafness.
PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0193081
Authors: Távora-Vieira D, Wedekind A, Marino R, Purdy SC, Rajan GP
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) to verify, and if necessary, optimize the cochlear implant (CI) fitting of adult CI users with postlingual single-sided deafness (SSD).
METHODS: Sound field cortical responses to the speech tokens /m/, /g/, /t/, and /s/ were recorded from input to the CI while the normal hearing ear was masked. Responses were evaluated by visual inspection and classified as presence or absence of the CAEPs components P1, N1, P2. In case of an absence fitting was adjusted accordingly. After fitting, subjects were asked to use their new setting for 2-3 weeks for acclimatization purposes and then return for retesting. At retesting, new CAEP recordings were performed to objectively ensure that the new fitting maps effectively activated the auditory cortex.
RESULTS: In 14/19 subjects, as per visual inspection, clear CAEPs were recorded by each speech token and were, therefore, not refit. In the other 5 subjects, CAEPs could not be evoked for at least one speech token. The fitting maps in these subjects were adjusted until clear CAEPs were evoked for all 4 speech tokens.
CONCLUSIONS: CAEP can be used to quickly and objectively verify the suitability of CI fitting in experienced adult CI users with SSD. If used in the early post-implantation stage, this method could help CI users derive greater benefit for CI use and, therefore, be more committed to auditory training.
PMID: 29470548 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Determinants of Hearing Aid Use Among Older Americans With Hearing Loss.
Determinants of Hearing Aid Use Among Older Americans With Hearing Loss.
Gerontologist. 2018 May 21;:
Authors: McKee MM, Choi H, Wilson S, DeJonckheere MJ, Zazove P, Levy H
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hearing loss (HL) is common among older adults and is associated with significant psychosocial, cognitive, and physical sequelae. Hearing aids (HA) can help, but not all individuals with HL use them. This study examines how social determinants may impact HA use.
Research Design and Methods: We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed methods study involving a secondary analysis of a nationally representative data set, the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 35,572). This was followed up with 1:1 qualitative interviews (n = 21) with community participants to clarify our findings. Both samples included individuals aged 55 and older with a self-reported HL, with or without HA. The main outcome measure was the proportion of participants with a self-reported HL who use HA.
Results and Discussion: Analysis of HRS data indicated that younger, nonwhite, non-Hispanic, lower income, and less-educated individuals were significantly less likely to use HA than their referent groups (all p values < .001). Area of residence (e.g., urban) were not significantly associated with HA use. Qualitative findings revealed barriers to HA included cost, stigma, vanity, and a general low priority placed on addressing HL by health care providers. Facilitators to obtaining and using HA included family/friend support, knowledge, and adequate insurance coverage for HA.
Implications: Many socioeconomic factors hinder individuals' ability to obtain and use HA, but these obstacles appeared to be mitigated in part when insurance plans provided adequate HA coverage, or when their family/friends provided encouragement to use HA.
PMID: 29788270 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Τρίτη 22 Μαΐου 2018
Iconicidad y facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos ARASAAC
Publication date: Available online 21 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Francisco Cabello Luque, Cristina Mazón Morillas
IntroducciónEstudios previos han señalado la alta iconicidad de los signos pictográficos de ARASAAC, pero no existen datos que demuestren si esa mayor iconicidad está relacionada también con una mejor adquisición. Por tanto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar la iconicidad y la facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos de ARASAAC, SPC y Bliss en 24 menores (de edad entre 38 y 69 meses) diagnosticados con retraso del lenguaje, trastorno específico del lenguaje o trastorno del espectro autista.MetodologíaEl estudio se dividió en 4 sesiones: una evaluación inicial, 2 sesiones de entrenamiento y un seguimiento final. En cada sesión se presentó un total de 30 grupos de pictogramas correspondientes a nombres, verbos y adjetivos, y la tarea de los participantes era señalar el pictograma del grupo que correspondiera a una palabra presentada oralmente.ResultadosLos pictogramas de ARASAAC obtuvieron una mayor iconicidad que la de los símbolos SPC y Bliss, aunque el valor varió en función de la categoría gramatical. Igualmente, los símbolos de ARASAAC fueron los más fáciles de aprender y los que tuvieron mayor retención del aprendizaje después de una semana.DiscusiónEstos hallazgos son coherentes con la hipótesis de transparencia, pues los símbolos con mayor iconicidad fueron los más fáciles de aprender en las fases iniciales y durante el seguimiento, lo que señala la superioridad del conjunto de pictogramas de ARASAAC frente a otros conjuntos empleados habitualmente, en términos de facilidad de aprendizaje.IntroductionAlthough previous studies have indicated the high iconicity of the ARASAAC pictographic symbols, currently there are no data that demonstrate whether this higher degree of iconicity is also related with a better acquisition. Therefore, this work is aimed at comparing the iconicity and ease of learning of the ARASAAC, PCS and Bliss pictographic symbols in a group of 24 children (aged from 38 to 69 months) diagnosed with language delay, specific language impairment or autism spectrum disorder.MethodologyThe study was divided into 4 sessions: an initial assessment, 2 training sessions and a final follow-up. During each session, 30 groups of pictograms representing nouns, verbs and adjectives were presented, and the participant task was to point to the pictogram that corresponded to the meaning of a word presented orally.ResultsPictograms from the ARASAAC set obtained a higher iconicity compared to the PCS and Bliss symbols, although it varied across grammatical categories. Furthermore, the ARASAAC symbols were easier to learn and showed higher retention level after a week.DiscussionThese findings are in accordance with the transparency hypothesis as symbols with higher iconicity were the easiest to learn at the beginning of the training sessions and during follow-up, which demonstrates the superiority of the ARASAAC pictogram set over other frequently used sets, in terms of ease of learning.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Francisco Cabello Luque, Cristina Mazón Morillas
IntroducciónEstudios previos han señalado la alta iconicidad de los signos pictográficos de ARASAAC, pero no existen datos que demuestren si esa mayor iconicidad está relacionada también con una mejor adquisición. Por tanto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar la iconicidad y la facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos de ARASAAC, SPC y Bliss en 24 menores (de edad entre 38 y 69 meses) diagnosticados con retraso del lenguaje, trastorno específico del lenguaje o trastorno del espectro autista.MetodologíaEl estudio se dividió en 4 sesiones: una evaluación inicial, 2 sesiones de entrenamiento y un seguimiento final. En cada sesión se presentó un total de 30 grupos de pictogramas correspondientes a nombres, verbos y adjetivos, y la tarea de los participantes era señalar el pictograma del grupo que correspondiera a una palabra presentada oralmente.ResultadosLos pictogramas de ARASAAC obtuvieron una mayor iconicidad que la de los símbolos SPC y Bliss, aunque el valor varió en función de la categoría gramatical. Igualmente, los símbolos de ARASAAC fueron los más fáciles de aprender y los que tuvieron mayor retención del aprendizaje después de una semana.DiscusiónEstos hallazgos son coherentes con la hipótesis de transparencia, pues los símbolos con mayor iconicidad fueron los más fáciles de aprender en las fases iniciales y durante el seguimiento, lo que señala la superioridad del conjunto de pictogramas de ARASAAC frente a otros conjuntos empleados habitualmente, en términos de facilidad de aprendizaje.IntroductionAlthough previous studies have indicated the high iconicity of the ARASAAC pictographic symbols, currently there are no data that demonstrate whether this higher degree of iconicity is also related with a better acquisition. Therefore, this work is aimed at comparing the iconicity and ease of learning of the ARASAAC, PCS and Bliss pictographic symbols in a group of 24 children (aged from 38 to 69 months) diagnosed with language delay, specific language impairment or autism spectrum disorder.MethodologyThe study was divided into 4 sessions: an initial assessment, 2 training sessions and a final follow-up. During each session, 30 groups of pictograms representing nouns, verbs and adjectives were presented, and the participant task was to point to the pictogram that corresponded to the meaning of a word presented orally.ResultsPictograms from the ARASAAC set obtained a higher iconicity compared to the PCS and Bliss symbols, although it varied across grammatical categories. Furthermore, the ARASAAC symbols were easier to learn and showed higher retention level after a week.DiscussionThese findings are in accordance with the transparency hypothesis as symbols with higher iconicity were the easiest to learn at the beginning of the training sessions and during follow-up, which demonstrates the superiority of the ARASAAC pictogram set over other frequently used sets, in terms of ease of learning.
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Revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación
Publication date: Available online 22 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, Marco Guzmán-Noriega
ObjetivoEl presente estudio muestra una revisión sistemática de la literatura relacionada con las aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas de las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación: presión subglótica, flujo transglótico y resistencia glótica.MetodologíaLa revisión se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed y Web Of Science con una ventana temporal 2000-2017. Todos los artículos revisados obtuvieron nivelI. Luego de realizar una evaluación crítica de la evidencia científica, fueron catalogados como estudios clínicos aleatorizados con diseños experimentales.ResultadosSe entregan a partir de la asociación de las medidas aerodinámicas con seis categorías de análisis: a)como método objetivo de evaluación clínica; b)estudios con profesionales de la voz cantada y hablada; c)aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas en patologías laríngeas funcionales; d)investigaciones en diferentes grupos etarios; e)estudios en laringes caninas, y f)estudios en ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido.ConclusionesSe demuestra la objetividad de aplicar medidas aerodinámicas en los estudios de la voz patológica y profesional; las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación pueden aplicarse en población tanto pediátrica como adulta, y en adultos mayores.ObjectiveThe present study shows a systematic review of the literature, related to the clinical and investigative implementations of aerodynamic measurements of phonation: subglottic pressure, transglottic airflow and glottal resistance.MethodThe review was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases with a time window 2000-2017. All articles reviewed obtained levelI. After performing a critical assessment of the scientific evidence, articles were classified as randomized clinical studies with experimental designs.ResultsThey are delivered from the association of aerodynamic measurements with six categories of analysis: a)as an objective method for clinical evaluation; b)studies with professional singing and speaking voice users; c)clinical and research implementations in functional laryngeal pathologies; d)research in different age groups; e)studies in canine larynx; and f)studies in voice exercises with semi-occluded vocal tract.ConclusionsThe objectivity of implementing aerodynamic measures in pathological and professional voice studies is demonstrated; the aerodynamic measures of phonation can be applied in the pediatric population, as well as in adults and the elderly.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, Marco Guzmán-Noriega
ObjetivoEl presente estudio muestra una revisión sistemática de la literatura relacionada con las aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas de las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación: presión subglótica, flujo transglótico y resistencia glótica.MetodologíaLa revisión se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed y Web Of Science con una ventana temporal 2000-2017. Todos los artículos revisados obtuvieron nivelI. Luego de realizar una evaluación crítica de la evidencia científica, fueron catalogados como estudios clínicos aleatorizados con diseños experimentales.ResultadosSe entregan a partir de la asociación de las medidas aerodinámicas con seis categorías de análisis: a)como método objetivo de evaluación clínica; b)estudios con profesionales de la voz cantada y hablada; c)aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas en patologías laríngeas funcionales; d)investigaciones en diferentes grupos etarios; e)estudios en laringes caninas, y f)estudios en ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido.ConclusionesSe demuestra la objetividad de aplicar medidas aerodinámicas en los estudios de la voz patológica y profesional; las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación pueden aplicarse en población tanto pediátrica como adulta, y en adultos mayores.ObjectiveThe present study shows a systematic review of the literature, related to the clinical and investigative implementations of aerodynamic measurements of phonation: subglottic pressure, transglottic airflow and glottal resistance.MethodThe review was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases with a time window 2000-2017. All articles reviewed obtained levelI. After performing a critical assessment of the scientific evidence, articles were classified as randomized clinical studies with experimental designs.ResultsThey are delivered from the association of aerodynamic measurements with six categories of analysis: a)as an objective method for clinical evaluation; b)studies with professional singing and speaking voice users; c)clinical and research implementations in functional laryngeal pathologies; d)research in different age groups; e)studies in canine larynx; and f)studies in voice exercises with semi-occluded vocal tract.ConclusionsThe objectivity of implementing aerodynamic measures in pathological and professional voice studies is demonstrated; the aerodynamic measures of phonation can be applied in the pediatric population, as well as in adults and the elderly.
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Iconicidad y facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos ARASAAC
Publication date: Available online 21 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Francisco Cabello Luque, Cristina Mazón Morillas
IntroducciónEstudios previos han señalado la alta iconicidad de los signos pictográficos de ARASAAC, pero no existen datos que demuestren si esa mayor iconicidad está relacionada también con una mejor adquisición. Por tanto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar la iconicidad y la facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos de ARASAAC, SPC y Bliss en 24 menores (de edad entre 38 y 69 meses) diagnosticados con retraso del lenguaje, trastorno específico del lenguaje o trastorno del espectro autista.MetodologíaEl estudio se dividió en 4 sesiones: una evaluación inicial, 2 sesiones de entrenamiento y un seguimiento final. En cada sesión se presentó un total de 30 grupos de pictogramas correspondientes a nombres, verbos y adjetivos, y la tarea de los participantes era señalar el pictograma del grupo que correspondiera a una palabra presentada oralmente.ResultadosLos pictogramas de ARASAAC obtuvieron una mayor iconicidad que la de los símbolos SPC y Bliss, aunque el valor varió en función de la categoría gramatical. Igualmente, los símbolos de ARASAAC fueron los más fáciles de aprender y los que tuvieron mayor retención del aprendizaje después de una semana.DiscusiónEstos hallazgos son coherentes con la hipótesis de transparencia, pues los símbolos con mayor iconicidad fueron los más fáciles de aprender en las fases iniciales y durante el seguimiento, lo que señala la superioridad del conjunto de pictogramas de ARASAAC frente a otros conjuntos empleados habitualmente, en términos de facilidad de aprendizaje.IntroductionAlthough previous studies have indicated the high iconicity of the ARASAAC pictographic symbols, currently there are no data that demonstrate whether this higher degree of iconicity is also related with a better acquisition. Therefore, this work is aimed at comparing the iconicity and ease of learning of the ARASAAC, PCS and Bliss pictographic symbols in a group of 24 children (aged from 38 to 69 months) diagnosed with language delay, specific language impairment or autism spectrum disorder.MethodologyThe study was divided into 4 sessions: an initial assessment, 2 training sessions and a final follow-up. During each session, 30 groups of pictograms representing nouns, verbs and adjectives were presented, and the participant task was to point to the pictogram that corresponded to the meaning of a word presented orally.ResultsPictograms from the ARASAAC set obtained a higher iconicity compared to the PCS and Bliss symbols, although it varied across grammatical categories. Furthermore, the ARASAAC symbols were easier to learn and showed higher retention level after a week.DiscussionThese findings are in accordance with the transparency hypothesis as symbols with higher iconicity were the easiest to learn at the beginning of the training sessions and during follow-up, which demonstrates the superiority of the ARASAAC pictogram set over other frequently used sets, in terms of ease of learning.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Francisco Cabello Luque, Cristina Mazón Morillas
IntroducciónEstudios previos han señalado la alta iconicidad de los signos pictográficos de ARASAAC, pero no existen datos que demuestren si esa mayor iconicidad está relacionada también con una mejor adquisición. Por tanto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar la iconicidad y la facilidad de aprendizaje de los símbolos pictográficos de ARASAAC, SPC y Bliss en 24 menores (de edad entre 38 y 69 meses) diagnosticados con retraso del lenguaje, trastorno específico del lenguaje o trastorno del espectro autista.MetodologíaEl estudio se dividió en 4 sesiones: una evaluación inicial, 2 sesiones de entrenamiento y un seguimiento final. En cada sesión se presentó un total de 30 grupos de pictogramas correspondientes a nombres, verbos y adjetivos, y la tarea de los participantes era señalar el pictograma del grupo que correspondiera a una palabra presentada oralmente.ResultadosLos pictogramas de ARASAAC obtuvieron una mayor iconicidad que la de los símbolos SPC y Bliss, aunque el valor varió en función de la categoría gramatical. Igualmente, los símbolos de ARASAAC fueron los más fáciles de aprender y los que tuvieron mayor retención del aprendizaje después de una semana.DiscusiónEstos hallazgos son coherentes con la hipótesis de transparencia, pues los símbolos con mayor iconicidad fueron los más fáciles de aprender en las fases iniciales y durante el seguimiento, lo que señala la superioridad del conjunto de pictogramas de ARASAAC frente a otros conjuntos empleados habitualmente, en términos de facilidad de aprendizaje.IntroductionAlthough previous studies have indicated the high iconicity of the ARASAAC pictographic symbols, currently there are no data that demonstrate whether this higher degree of iconicity is also related with a better acquisition. Therefore, this work is aimed at comparing the iconicity and ease of learning of the ARASAAC, PCS and Bliss pictographic symbols in a group of 24 children (aged from 38 to 69 months) diagnosed with language delay, specific language impairment or autism spectrum disorder.MethodologyThe study was divided into 4 sessions: an initial assessment, 2 training sessions and a final follow-up. During each session, 30 groups of pictograms representing nouns, verbs and adjectives were presented, and the participant task was to point to the pictogram that corresponded to the meaning of a word presented orally.ResultsPictograms from the ARASAAC set obtained a higher iconicity compared to the PCS and Bliss symbols, although it varied across grammatical categories. Furthermore, the ARASAAC symbols were easier to learn and showed higher retention level after a week.DiscussionThese findings are in accordance with the transparency hypothesis as symbols with higher iconicity were the easiest to learn at the beginning of the training sessions and during follow-up, which demonstrates the superiority of the ARASAAC pictogram set over other frequently used sets, in terms of ease of learning.
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Revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación
Publication date: Available online 22 May 2018
Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, Marco Guzmán-Noriega
ObjetivoEl presente estudio muestra una revisión sistemática de la literatura relacionada con las aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas de las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación: presión subglótica, flujo transglótico y resistencia glótica.MetodologíaLa revisión se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed y Web Of Science con una ventana temporal 2000-2017. Todos los artículos revisados obtuvieron nivelI. Luego de realizar una evaluación crítica de la evidencia científica, fueron catalogados como estudios clínicos aleatorizados con diseños experimentales.ResultadosSe entregan a partir de la asociación de las medidas aerodinámicas con seis categorías de análisis: a)como método objetivo de evaluación clínica; b)estudios con profesionales de la voz cantada y hablada; c)aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas en patologías laríngeas funcionales; d)investigaciones en diferentes grupos etarios; e)estudios en laringes caninas, y f)estudios en ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido.ConclusionesSe demuestra la objetividad de aplicar medidas aerodinámicas en los estudios de la voz patológica y profesional; las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación pueden aplicarse en población tanto pediátrica como adulta, y en adultos mayores.ObjectiveThe present study shows a systematic review of the literature, related to the clinical and investigative implementations of aerodynamic measurements of phonation: subglottic pressure, transglottic airflow and glottal resistance.MethodThe review was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases with a time window 2000-2017. All articles reviewed obtained levelI. After performing a critical assessment of the scientific evidence, articles were classified as randomized clinical studies with experimental designs.ResultsThey are delivered from the association of aerodynamic measurements with six categories of analysis: a)as an objective method for clinical evaluation; b)studies with professional singing and speaking voice users; c)clinical and research implementations in functional laryngeal pathologies; d)research in different age groups; e)studies in canine larynx; and f)studies in voice exercises with semi-occluded vocal tract.ConclusionsThe objectivity of implementing aerodynamic measures in pathological and professional voice studies is demonstrated; the aerodynamic measures of phonation can be applied in the pediatric population, as well as in adults and the elderly.
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Source:Revista de Logopedia, Foniatría y Audiología
Author(s): Carlos A. Calvache-Mora, Marco Guzmán-Noriega
ObjetivoEl presente estudio muestra una revisión sistemática de la literatura relacionada con las aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas de las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación: presión subglótica, flujo transglótico y resistencia glótica.MetodologíaLa revisión se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed y Web Of Science con una ventana temporal 2000-2017. Todos los artículos revisados obtuvieron nivelI. Luego de realizar una evaluación crítica de la evidencia científica, fueron catalogados como estudios clínicos aleatorizados con diseños experimentales.ResultadosSe entregan a partir de la asociación de las medidas aerodinámicas con seis categorías de análisis: a)como método objetivo de evaluación clínica; b)estudios con profesionales de la voz cantada y hablada; c)aplicaciones clínicas e investigativas en patologías laríngeas funcionales; d)investigaciones en diferentes grupos etarios; e)estudios en laringes caninas, y f)estudios en ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido.ConclusionesSe demuestra la objetividad de aplicar medidas aerodinámicas en los estudios de la voz patológica y profesional; las medidas aerodinámicas de la fonación pueden aplicarse en población tanto pediátrica como adulta, y en adultos mayores.ObjectiveThe present study shows a systematic review of the literature, related to the clinical and investigative implementations of aerodynamic measurements of phonation: subglottic pressure, transglottic airflow and glottal resistance.MethodThe review was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases with a time window 2000-2017. All articles reviewed obtained levelI. After performing a critical assessment of the scientific evidence, articles were classified as randomized clinical studies with experimental designs.ResultsThey are delivered from the association of aerodynamic measurements with six categories of analysis: a)as an objective method for clinical evaluation; b)studies with professional singing and speaking voice users; c)clinical and research implementations in functional laryngeal pathologies; d)research in different age groups; e)studies in canine larynx; and f)studies in voice exercises with semi-occluded vocal tract.ConclusionsThe objectivity of implementing aerodynamic measures in pathological and professional voice studies is demonstrated; the aerodynamic measures of phonation can be applied in the pediatric population, as well as in adults and the elderly.
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