Gastrointestinal Cancer

Radiotherapy for Gastric Bleeding from Tumor Invasion of Recurrent Colon Cancer with Liver Metastasis After Resection

Correlates, Trends, and Short-Term Outcomes of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Abstract Background and Aim The incidence and overall mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the US have been increasing over the past decade. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. This study aims at examining the epidemiology, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of VTE in hospitalized patients with HCC. Methods We utilized the National Inpatient Sample for the years 2008–2013. Using the International Classification of Diseases codes, ninth edition, we identified hospitalized adult patients with a prior diagnosis of HCC who were diagnosed with VTE. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics on the occurrence of VTE, and to evaluate the impact of VTE on in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay. Results We identified a total of 54,275 hospitalized patients with a prior diagnosis of HCC. The prevalence of VTE in the study cohort was 2.8% (2.5% in 2008 to 3.0% in 2013, a statistically significant increase). Older age, African American ethnicity, history of metastasis, and higher Elixhauser comorbidity index were associated with higher odds of VTE. However, having a prior diagnosis of cirrhosis, hepatitis C, or diabetes mellitus were associated with lower odds of VTE in HCC patients. Furthermore, development of VTE was associated with longer hospital stay and increased in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Our work highlights significant age, racial, and comorbid factors in the development of VTE in hospitalized patients with HCC in the US. These findings can help in stratification of HCC patients according to their VTE risk. Patients at higher risk of VTE may benefit from more aggressive pharmacologic prophylaxis, an area for future investigation.

Hepatic Abscess with Biliary Obstruction Mimicking Cholangiocarcinoma—a Case Report

An Unusual Progression of Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Appendix in a Caucasian Woman

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Step Beyond Palliative Therapy, Experience of 25 Cases Abstract Purpose Published literature on gall bladder neuroendocrine tumors (GB NETs) is limited with none reporting the role of multimodal therapy. Methods Patients with histologically confirmed GB NETs treated at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, from January 2010 to June 2017 were analyzed. Staging was done by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of abdomen and chest or a positron emission topography (PET) scan. Tumor marker (CA19-9) was measured. WHO-2017 guideline was used to classify GB NETs. GB NETs were categorized as early disease (ED) (T1, T2, N0, i.e., stages I and II); locally advanced disease (LAD) (T3, T4, or N+, i.e., stage III); and metastatic disease (MD). Response to treatment was assessed with RECIST1.1 criteria. Results Twenty-five patients of GB NETs were identified; 19 with neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and 6 with mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs). Two patients (8%) presented with ED, 9 (36%) with LAD, and 14 (56%) had MD. Those with ED underwent open revision radical cholecystectomy. Both received adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) with six cycles of carboplatin-etoposide and were disease-free at 3 months of follow-up. Of the nine patients with LAD, six received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) (carboplatin-etoposide) and three operated upfront. All six patients showed partial response to NACT and five underwent open radical cholecystectomy with R0 resection. All patients operated after NACT received three cycles of ACT. Their median follow-up was 7 months (range 3–22 months). Three patients with LAD developed metastasis after median disease-free survival of 5 months. The median survival in patients with MD was 12 (range 6–23) months. Conclusions In carefully selected patients of GB NECs, downsizing with NACT facilitates radical resection with negative margins.

Acinar Cell Carcinoma in the Background of Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis

Disappearing Lump—an Unusual Presentation of Large Metastatic Small Bowel Malignant Melanoma

Locally Recurrent Well-Differentiated Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Requiring Re-excision Including Portal Vein Resection

Pancreatic Metastases of Rectal Cancer—Case Report and Literature Review

Uncommon Initial Presentation of Gastric Cancer with Bone Metastases: a Case Report