Making Sports Accessible to Student Athletes with Hearing Loss

Time Out! I Didn't Hear You, was published in 1996 as a resource to support the participation of student athletes with hearing loss in high school athletics. This article describes a project to update the resource for all stakeholders involved in making college level athletics accessible to students with hearing loss.

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Unilateral congenital hearing loss in children: challenges and potentials

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Astrid van Wieringen, An Boudewyns, Anouk Sangen, Jan Wouters, Christian Desloovere
The estimated incidence of sensorineural hearing impairment (> 40 dB HL) at birth is 1.86 per 1000 newborns in developed countries and 30-40% of these are unilateral. Profound sensorineural unilateral hearing impairment or single sided deafness (SSD) can be treated with a cochlear implant. However, this treatment is costly and invasive and unnecessary in the eyes of many. Very young children with SSD often do not exhibit language and cognitive delays and it is hard to imagine that neurocognitive skills will present difficulties with one good ear. In the current paper we review the most recent evidence on the consequences of unilateral hearing impairment for auditory and neurocognitive factors. While data of both adults and children are discussed, we focus on developmental factors, congenital deafness and a window of opportunity for intervention. We discuss which etiologies qualify for a cochlear implant and present our multi-center prospective study on cochlear implants in infants with one deaf ear. The large, state-of-the art body of research allows for evidence-based decisions regarding management of unilateral hearing loss in children.



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Subcortical pathways: towards a better understanding of auditory disorders

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Richard A. Felix, Boris Gourévitch, Christine V. Portfors
Hearing loss is a significant problem that affects at least 15% of the population. This percentage, however, is likely significantly higher because of a variety of auditory disorders that are not identifiable through traditional tests of peripheral hearing ability. In these disorders, individuals have difficulty understanding speech, particularly in noisy environments, even though the sounds are loud enough to hear. The underlying mechanisms leading to such deficits are not well understood. To enable the development of suitable treatments to alleviate or prevent such disorders, the affected processing pathways must be identified. Historically, mechanisms underlying speech processing have been thought to be a property of the auditory cortex and thus the study of auditory disorders has largely focused on cortical impairments and/or cognitive processes. As we review here, however, there is strong evidence to suggest that, in fact, deficits in subcortical pathways play a significant role in auditory disorders. In this review, we highlight the role of the auditory brainstem and midbrain in processing complex sounds and discuss how deficits in these regions may contribute to auditory dysfunction. We discuss current research with animal models of human hearing and then consider human studies that implicate impairments in subcortical processing that may contribute to auditory disorders.



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The relation between flocculus volume and tinnitus after cerebellopontine angle tumor surgery

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Lilian M. Mennink, J. Marc C. Van Dijk, Bernard F.A.M. Van Der Laan, Jan D.M. Metzemaekers, Peter Jan Van Laar, Pim Van Dijk
PurposeChronic tinnitus is a common symptom after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor removal. Sometimes, the tinnitus is gaze-modulated. In that case, patients can change the loudness or pitch of their tinnitus by ocular movements. During tumor removal by a retrosigmoid craniotomy, the cerebellar flocculus is manipulated by the surgical approach to access the tumor. The flocculus has been associated with tinnitus in rats, and is involved in eye-gaze control. This suggests that the flocculus may have a role in gaze-modulated tinnitus after CPA tumor removal. In order to investigate this hypothesis, the relation between the flocculus volume and the characteristics of postoperative tinnitus was studied.ResultsA single-center cohort of 51 patients completed a questionnaire after CPA tumor removal. The questionnaire asked for the effect of eye movements on tinnitus and included the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). Tinnitus was present in 36 patients (71% of 51), of which 29 (81% of 36) described gaze-modulation. The median TFI was 22 (range 0-85). A postoperative MRI-scan of sufficient quality was available in 34 cases. The volumes of the (para)flocculi ipsilateral and contralateral to the surgery, and the ratio of these volumes were similar between patients with and without tinnitus. The TFI correlated with the volume of both ipsi- and contralateral (para)flocculus (rs(23) = .516, p = .008 and rs(23) = .430, p = .032). The ipsilateral-to-contralateral volume ratio of the (para)flocculi volumes was significantly lower in patients that could modulate the loudness of their tinnitus by eye gaze, compared to patients that could not (t(23) = 3.337, p = .003).ConclusionsThe lack of a relation between flocculus volumes and the presence of tinnitus, combined with the significant correlation between tinnitus severity and flocculus volumes, suggests that the flocculus may not be the primary source of tinnitus, but is likely to mediate tinnitus severity. The reduced ipsi-to-contralateral volume ratio in patients with gaze-modulated tinnitus suggests that atrophy of the flocculus on the surgery side triggers cross-modal interactions leading to modulation of tinnitus.



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Direct bone conduction stimulation: ipsilateral effect of different transducer attachments in active transcutaneous devices

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Cristina Rigato, Sabine Reinfeldt, Bo Håkansson, Karl-Johan Fredén Jansson, Erik Renvall, Måns Eeg-Olofsson
Active transcutaneous bone conduction devices, where the transducer is implanted, are used for rehabilitation of hearing impaired patients by directly stimulating the skull bone. The transducer and the way it is attached to the bone play a central role in the design of such devices. The actual effect of varying the contact to bone has not been addressed yet. The aim of this study is therefore to compare how different attachment methods of the transducer to the bone for direct stimulation affect the ear canal sound pressure and vibration transmission to the ipsilateral cochlea.Three different attachments to the bone were tested: (A) via a flat small-sized surface, (B) via a flat wide surface and (C) via two separated screws. Measurements were done on four human heads on both sides. The attachments were compared in terms of induced cochlear promontory velocity, measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer, and ear canal sound pressure, measured by a low noise microphone. A swept sine stimulus was used in the frequency range 0.1-10 kHz.On an average level, the attachment method seems to affect the transmission mainly at frequencies above 5 kHz. Furthermore, the results suggest that a smaller contact surface might perform better in terms of transmission of vibrations at mid and high frequencies. However, when considering the whole frequency range, average results from the different attachment techniques are comparable.



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Unilateral congenital hearing loss in children: challenges and potentials

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Astrid van Wieringen, An Boudewyns, Anouk Sangen, Jan Wouters, Christian Desloovere
The estimated incidence of sensorineural hearing impairment (> 40 dB HL) at birth is 1.86 per 1000 newborns in developed countries and 30-40% of these are unilateral. Profound sensorineural unilateral hearing impairment or single sided deafness (SSD) can be treated with a cochlear implant. However, this treatment is costly and invasive and unnecessary in the eyes of many. Very young children with SSD often do not exhibit language and cognitive delays and it is hard to imagine that neurocognitive skills will present difficulties with one good ear. In the current paper we review the most recent evidence on the consequences of unilateral hearing impairment for auditory and neurocognitive factors. While data of both adults and children are discussed, we focus on developmental factors, congenital deafness and a window of opportunity for intervention. We discuss which etiologies qualify for a cochlear implant and present our multi-center prospective study on cochlear implants in infants with one deaf ear. The large, state-of-the art body of research allows for evidence-based decisions regarding management of unilateral hearing loss in children.



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Subcortical pathways: towards a better understanding of auditory disorders

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Richard A. Felix, Boris Gourévitch, Christine V. Portfors
Hearing loss is a significant problem that affects at least 15% of the population. This percentage, however, is likely significantly higher because of a variety of auditory disorders that are not identifiable through traditional tests of peripheral hearing ability. In these disorders, individuals have difficulty understanding speech, particularly in noisy environments, even though the sounds are loud enough to hear. The underlying mechanisms leading to such deficits are not well understood. To enable the development of suitable treatments to alleviate or prevent such disorders, the affected processing pathways must be identified. Historically, mechanisms underlying speech processing have been thought to be a property of the auditory cortex and thus the study of auditory disorders has largely focused on cortical impairments and/or cognitive processes. As we review here, however, there is strong evidence to suggest that, in fact, deficits in subcortical pathways play a significant role in auditory disorders. In this review, we highlight the role of the auditory brainstem and midbrain in processing complex sounds and discuss how deficits in these regions may contribute to auditory dysfunction. We discuss current research with animal models of human hearing and then consider human studies that implicate impairments in subcortical processing that may contribute to auditory disorders.



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The relation between flocculus volume and tinnitus after cerebellopontine angle tumor surgery

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Lilian M. Mennink, J. Marc C. Van Dijk, Bernard F.A.M. Van Der Laan, Jan D.M. Metzemaekers, Peter Jan Van Laar, Pim Van Dijk
PurposeChronic tinnitus is a common symptom after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor removal. Sometimes, the tinnitus is gaze-modulated. In that case, patients can change the loudness or pitch of their tinnitus by ocular movements. During tumor removal by a retrosigmoid craniotomy, the cerebellar flocculus is manipulated by the surgical approach to access the tumor. The flocculus has been associated with tinnitus in rats, and is involved in eye-gaze control. This suggests that the flocculus may have a role in gaze-modulated tinnitus after CPA tumor removal. In order to investigate this hypothesis, the relation between the flocculus volume and the characteristics of postoperative tinnitus was studied.ResultsA single-center cohort of 51 patients completed a questionnaire after CPA tumor removal. The questionnaire asked for the effect of eye movements on tinnitus and included the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). Tinnitus was present in 36 patients (71% of 51), of which 29 (81% of 36) described gaze-modulation. The median TFI was 22 (range 0-85). A postoperative MRI-scan of sufficient quality was available in 34 cases. The volumes of the (para)flocculi ipsilateral and contralateral to the surgery, and the ratio of these volumes were similar between patients with and without tinnitus. The TFI correlated with the volume of both ipsi- and contralateral (para)flocculus (rs(23) = .516, p = .008 and rs(23) = .430, p = .032). The ipsilateral-to-contralateral volume ratio of the (para)flocculi volumes was significantly lower in patients that could modulate the loudness of their tinnitus by eye gaze, compared to patients that could not (t(23) = 3.337, p = .003).ConclusionsThe lack of a relation between flocculus volumes and the presence of tinnitus, combined with the significant correlation between tinnitus severity and flocculus volumes, suggests that the flocculus may not be the primary source of tinnitus, but is likely to mediate tinnitus severity. The reduced ipsi-to-contralateral volume ratio in patients with gaze-modulated tinnitus suggests that atrophy of the flocculus on the surgery side triggers cross-modal interactions leading to modulation of tinnitus.



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Direct bone conduction stimulation: ipsilateral effect of different transducer attachments in active transcutaneous devices

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Cristina Rigato, Sabine Reinfeldt, Bo Håkansson, Karl-Johan Fredén Jansson, Erik Renvall, Måns Eeg-Olofsson
Active transcutaneous bone conduction devices, where the transducer is implanted, are used for rehabilitation of hearing impaired patients by directly stimulating the skull bone. The transducer and the way it is attached to the bone play a central role in the design of such devices. The actual effect of varying the contact to bone has not been addressed yet. The aim of this study is therefore to compare how different attachment methods of the transducer to the bone for direct stimulation affect the ear canal sound pressure and vibration transmission to the ipsilateral cochlea.Three different attachments to the bone were tested: (A) via a flat small-sized surface, (B) via a flat wide surface and (C) via two separated screws. Measurements were done on four human heads on both sides. The attachments were compared in terms of induced cochlear promontory velocity, measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer, and ear canal sound pressure, measured by a low noise microphone. A swept sine stimulus was used in the frequency range 0.1-10 kHz.On an average level, the attachment method seems to affect the transmission mainly at frequencies above 5 kHz. Furthermore, the results suggest that a smaller contact surface might perform better in terms of transmission of vibrations at mid and high frequencies. However, when considering the whole frequency range, average results from the different attachment techniques are comparable.



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Unilateral congenital hearing loss in children: challenges and potentials

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Astrid van Wieringen, An Boudewyns, Anouk Sangen, Jan Wouters, Christian Desloovere
The estimated incidence of sensorineural hearing impairment (> 40 dB HL) at birth is 1.86 per 1000 newborns in developed countries and 30-40% of these are unilateral. Profound sensorineural unilateral hearing impairment or single sided deafness (SSD) can be treated with a cochlear implant. However, this treatment is costly and invasive and unnecessary in the eyes of many. Very young children with SSD often do not exhibit language and cognitive delays and it is hard to imagine that neurocognitive skills will present difficulties with one good ear. In the current paper we review the most recent evidence on the consequences of unilateral hearing impairment for auditory and neurocognitive factors. While data of both adults and children are discussed, we focus on developmental factors, congenital deafness and a window of opportunity for intervention. We discuss which etiologies qualify for a cochlear implant and present our multi-center prospective study on cochlear implants in infants with one deaf ear. The large, state-of-the art body of research allows for evidence-based decisions regarding management of unilateral hearing loss in children.



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Subcortical pathways: towards a better understanding of auditory disorders

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Richard A. Felix, Boris Gourévitch, Christine V. Portfors
Hearing loss is a significant problem that affects at least 15% of the population. This percentage, however, is likely significantly higher because of a variety of auditory disorders that are not identifiable through traditional tests of peripheral hearing ability. In these disorders, individuals have difficulty understanding speech, particularly in noisy environments, even though the sounds are loud enough to hear. The underlying mechanisms leading to such deficits are not well understood. To enable the development of suitable treatments to alleviate or prevent such disorders, the affected processing pathways must be identified. Historically, mechanisms underlying speech processing have been thought to be a property of the auditory cortex and thus the study of auditory disorders has largely focused on cortical impairments and/or cognitive processes. As we review here, however, there is strong evidence to suggest that, in fact, deficits in subcortical pathways play a significant role in auditory disorders. In this review, we highlight the role of the auditory brainstem and midbrain in processing complex sounds and discuss how deficits in these regions may contribute to auditory dysfunction. We discuss current research with animal models of human hearing and then consider human studies that implicate impairments in subcortical processing that may contribute to auditory disorders.



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The relation between flocculus volume and tinnitus after cerebellopontine angle tumor surgery

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Lilian M. Mennink, J. Marc C. Van Dijk, Bernard F.A.M. Van Der Laan, Jan D.M. Metzemaekers, Peter Jan Van Laar, Pim Van Dijk
PurposeChronic tinnitus is a common symptom after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor removal. Sometimes, the tinnitus is gaze-modulated. In that case, patients can change the loudness or pitch of their tinnitus by ocular movements. During tumor removal by a retrosigmoid craniotomy, the cerebellar flocculus is manipulated by the surgical approach to access the tumor. The flocculus has been associated with tinnitus in rats, and is involved in eye-gaze control. This suggests that the flocculus may have a role in gaze-modulated tinnitus after CPA tumor removal. In order to investigate this hypothesis, the relation between the flocculus volume and the characteristics of postoperative tinnitus was studied.ResultsA single-center cohort of 51 patients completed a questionnaire after CPA tumor removal. The questionnaire asked for the effect of eye movements on tinnitus and included the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). Tinnitus was present in 36 patients (71% of 51), of which 29 (81% of 36) described gaze-modulation. The median TFI was 22 (range 0-85). A postoperative MRI-scan of sufficient quality was available in 34 cases. The volumes of the (para)flocculi ipsilateral and contralateral to the surgery, and the ratio of these volumes were similar between patients with and without tinnitus. The TFI correlated with the volume of both ipsi- and contralateral (para)flocculus (rs(23) = .516, p = .008 and rs(23) = .430, p = .032). The ipsilateral-to-contralateral volume ratio of the (para)flocculi volumes was significantly lower in patients that could modulate the loudness of their tinnitus by eye gaze, compared to patients that could not (t(23) = 3.337, p = .003).ConclusionsThe lack of a relation between flocculus volumes and the presence of tinnitus, combined with the significant correlation between tinnitus severity and flocculus volumes, suggests that the flocculus may not be the primary source of tinnitus, but is likely to mediate tinnitus severity. The reduced ipsi-to-contralateral volume ratio in patients with gaze-modulated tinnitus suggests that atrophy of the flocculus on the surgery side triggers cross-modal interactions leading to modulation of tinnitus.



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Direct bone conduction stimulation: ipsilateral effect of different transducer attachments in active transcutaneous devices

Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Cristina Rigato, Sabine Reinfeldt, Bo Håkansson, Karl-Johan Fredén Jansson, Erik Renvall, Måns Eeg-Olofsson
Active transcutaneous bone conduction devices, where the transducer is implanted, are used for rehabilitation of hearing impaired patients by directly stimulating the skull bone. The transducer and the way it is attached to the bone play a central role in the design of such devices. The actual effect of varying the contact to bone has not been addressed yet. The aim of this study is therefore to compare how different attachment methods of the transducer to the bone for direct stimulation affect the ear canal sound pressure and vibration transmission to the ipsilateral cochlea.Three different attachments to the bone were tested: (A) via a flat small-sized surface, (B) via a flat wide surface and (C) via two separated screws. Measurements were done on four human heads on both sides. The attachments were compared in terms of induced cochlear promontory velocity, measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer, and ear canal sound pressure, measured by a low noise microphone. A swept sine stimulus was used in the frequency range 0.1-10 kHz.On an average level, the attachment method seems to affect the transmission mainly at frequencies above 5 kHz. Furthermore, the results suggest that a smaller contact surface might perform better in terms of transmission of vibrations at mid and high frequencies. However, when considering the whole frequency range, average results from the different attachment techniques are comparable.



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UCSF & iHEARu Calling on HEARos to Help Map Noise Levels in Bay Area

Seeking a quiet cafe to discuss business or chat with a friend? The new iHEARu mobile app can help.
The iHEARu mobile app uses crowd-sourcing to help individuals find locations with noise levels that suit your needs. Whether seeking a quiet eatery or lively bar with loud music, the iHEARu GPS will help you find it. By combining decibel data gathered from smartphone users in real-life environments, iHEARu provides the data to change the world…one ear-friendly place at a time.
Founded and inspired by world-renowned neuroscientists and audiologists from the University of Washington Dr. Kelly Tremblay and Dr. Charles Limb of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), the iHEARu app helps people collect decibel data in public spaces. The iHEARu team has partnered with the UCSF Sound and Music Perception Lab, headed by Dr. Limb, to help San Francisco's hearing-challenged community find ear-friendly places to visit. The team is calling on all citizen scientists to join the movement by downloading the free app and taking data readings across the city. For each data reading during Restaurant Week (January 22–31), the iHEARu team will make a contribution to the Hearing Loss Association of America and CHEFSGIVING.
Why create an ear-friendly movement? Consider: 

• Over 20% of the U.S. population (48M) have some hearing loss
• Approximately 1 in 3 people older than 65 have disabling hearing loss.
• According to a 2010 census, this means that over 13.6% of San Francisco's population is suffering with disabling hearing loss!
• With over 17M visitors to the San Francisco area, that means over 3.5M will come to the city as hearing-challenged visitors.

The app can be downloaded for FREE via the App Store or Google Play. Learn more about iHearu from Dr. Tremblay's article .

Published: 1/31/2018 12:41:00 PM

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UCSF & iHEARu Calling on HEARos to Help Map Noise Levels in Bay Area

Seeking a quiet cafe to discuss business or chat with a friend? The new iHEARu mobile app can help.
The iHEARu mobile app uses crowd-sourcing to help individuals find locations with noise levels that suit your needs. Whether seeking a quiet eatery or lively bar with loud music, the iHEARu GPS will help you find it. By combining decibel data gathered from smartphone users in real-life environments, iHEARu provides the data to change the world…one ear-friendly place at a time.
Founded and inspired by world-renowned neuroscientists and audiologists from the University of Washington Dr. Kelly Tremblay and Dr. Charles Limb of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), the iHEARu app helps people collect decibel data in public spaces. The iHEARu team has partnered with the UCSF Sound and Music Perception Lab, headed by Dr. Limb, to help San Francisco's hearing-challenged community find ear-friendly places to visit. The team is calling on all citizen scientists to join the movement by downloading the free app and taking data readings across the city. For each data reading during Restaurant Week (January 22–31), the iHEARu team will make a contribution to the Hearing Loss Association of America and CHEFSGIVING.
Why create an ear-friendly movement? Consider: 

• Over 20% of the U.S. population (48M) have some hearing loss
• Approximately 1 in 3 people older than 65 have disabling hearing loss.
• According to a 2010 census, this means that over 13.6% of San Francisco's population is suffering with disabling hearing loss!
• With over 17M visitors to the San Francisco area, that means over 3.5M will come to the city as hearing-challenged visitors.

The app can be downloaded for FREE via the App Store or Google Play. Learn more about iHearu from Dr. Tremblay's article .

Published: 1/31/2018 12:41:00 PM

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via IFTTT

UCSF & iHEARu Calling on HEARos to Help Map Noise Levels in Bay Area

Seeking a quiet cafe to discuss business or chat with a friend? The new iHEARu mobile app can help.
The iHEARu mobile app uses crowd-sourcing to help individuals find locations with noise levels that suit your needs. Whether seeking a quiet eatery or lively bar with loud music, the iHEARu GPS will help you find it. By combining decibel data gathered from smartphone users in real-life environments, iHEARu provides the data to change the world…one ear-friendly place at a time.
Founded and inspired by world-renowned neuroscientists and audiologists from the University of Washington Dr. Kelly Tremblay and Dr. Charles Limb of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), the iHEARu app helps people collect decibel data in public spaces. The iHEARu team has partnered with the UCSF Sound and Music Perception Lab, headed by Dr. Limb, to help San Francisco's hearing-challenged community find ear-friendly places to visit. The team is calling on all citizen scientists to join the movement by downloading the free app and taking data readings across the city. For each data reading during Restaurant Week (January 22–31), the iHEARu team will make a contribution to the Hearing Loss Association of America and CHEFSGIVING.
Why create an ear-friendly movement? Consider: 

• Over 20% of the U.S. population (48M) have some hearing loss
• Approximately 1 in 3 people older than 65 have disabling hearing loss.
• According to a 2010 census, this means that over 13.6% of San Francisco's population is suffering with disabling hearing loss!
• With over 17M visitors to the San Francisco area, that means over 3.5M will come to the city as hearing-challenged visitors.

The app can be downloaded for FREE via the App Store or Google Play. Learn more about iHearu from Dr. Tremblay's article .

Published: 1/31/2018 12:41:00 PM

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