The effect of prior radiation on the success of ventral skull base reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The effect of prior radiation on the success of ventral skull base reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Head Neck. 2021 May 11. doi: 10.1002/hed.26709. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak after ventral skull base reconstruction is a primary outcome of interest to skull base surgeons. Exposure to pre-operative radiation may put patients at an increased risk of skull base reconstructive failure. A systematic search identified studies which included patients receiving ventral skull base reconstruction in the setting of pre-operative radiation. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was conducted to estimate an odds ratio of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in patients exposed to pre-operative radiation. A meta-analysis of 13 studies demonstrated that the odds ratio of CSF leak was 1.73 (95% CI 0.98-3.05). The majority of studies (77%) used vascularized tissue grafts for reconstruction. We identified an increased incidence of CSF leak among patients undergoing ventral skull base reconstruction after prior r adiation therapy, although not of statistical significance. Skull base surgeons should exercise caution when planning reconstruction in this population. PMID:33973680 | DOI:10.1002/hed.26709 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of nasal packing and transseptal suturing on swallowing after septoplasty

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of nasal packing and transseptal suturing on swallowing after septoplasty Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06854-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This clinical trial aimed to investigate the effects of different nasal packing methods and transseptal suture technique on swallowing after septoplasty. METHODS: This randomized prospective study consists of 180 consecutive patients with septal deviation. All the patients underwent septoplasty. All the patients were randomly assigned to three groups. In group A, transseptal sutures were used for septal stabilization. In group B, both nasal passages were packed with Merocel tampons for septal stabilization. In group C, both nasal passages were packed with Doyle silicone splints for septal stabilization. For the evaluation of swallowing, the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) questionnaire and a visual analog scale (VAS) were administered to all the patients preoperatively and on the second and seventh postoperative days. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty two of the patients (67.7%) were female and 58 of them (32.2%) were male. The mean age was 32.41 ± 12.37 years (range: 18-57 years). Both EAT-10 and VAS scores on the second postoperative day were significantly higher than the preoperative scores in all the groups (p < 0.05). The transseptal suture group had significantly lower EAT-10 and VAS scores on the second postoperative day than the Merocel packing and silicone packing groups (p < 0.05). Both EAT-10 and VAS scores on the postop 7th day significantly decreased in all groups compared to the postop second day (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Septoplasty affects swallowing, regardless of whether a tampon is applied. Transeptal suturing has a lesser effect on swallowing than other techniques. Although silicone packing is a less invasive method, it negatively affects swallowing, similar to Merocel packing. The transseptal suture technique is more comfortable than the other techniques i n terms of swallowing function in the postoperative period. PMID:33973085 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06854-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chin Tuck Against Resistance Exercise for Dysphagia Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chin Tuck Against Resistance Exercise for Dysphagia Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review Via swallowing exercises J Oral Rehabil. 2021 May 10. doi: 10.1111/joor.13181. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) exercise has been recently reported to be a new therapeutic exercise method that can help improve swallowing function in patients with dysphagia. However, due to the differences in exercise protocols, methods, and the tools used across studies of CTAR exercise, an overall systematic review of these studies is necessary. OBJECTIVE: The present s tudy investigated the exercise protocols, methods, and tools used in various studies of CTAR exercise and summarized their findings. METHODS: We searched for studies related to CTAR exercise using electronic databases and selected nine articles for review. The articles were categorized on the basis of four criteria: study design and quality, training protocol, outcome measures, and clinical effect. RESULTS: Four articles reported that CTAR exercise not only helped activate the suprahyoid muscle in healthy adults, but activated the sternocleidomastoid muscle less than Shaker exercise. In addition, five articles reported that CTAR exercise was effective in improving swallowing function and oral diet stage in the pharyngeal phase, including reduction of airway aspiration in patients with dysphagia after stroke. CONCLUSIONS: CTAR exercise more selectively activates the suprahyoid muscle and is an effective therapeutic exercise for improving swallowing function in patie nts with dysphagia. Because it is less strenuous than Shaker exercise, it requires less physical burden and effort, allowing greater compliance. PMID:33973284 | DOI:10.1111/joor.13181 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Osseointegration of a novel 3D porous Ti-6Al-4V implant material - Histomorphometric analysis in rabbits

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Osseointegration of a novel 3D porous Ti-6Al-4V implant material - Histomorphometric analysis in rabbits Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 May 11:18342. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-342. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Porous structure properties are known to conduct initial and long-term stability of titanium alloy implants. This study aims to assess the histomorphometric effect of a 3-D porosity in Ti-6Al-4V implants (PI) on osseointegration in comparison to solid Ti-6Al-4V implants (SI). The PI was produced in a spaceholder method and sintering and has a pore size of mean 400 µm (50 µm to 500 µm) and mimics human trabecular bone. Pairs of PI and equal sized SI as reference were bilaterally implanted at random in the lateral femoral condyle of 16 Chinchilla-Bastard rabbits. The animals were sacrificed after 4 and 12 weeks for histomorphometric analysis. The histomorphometric evaluation confirmed a successful short-term osseohealing (4 weeks) and mid-term osseoremodeling (12 weeks) for both types of implants. The total newly formed bone area was larger for PI than for SI after 4 and 12 weeks, with the intraporous bone area being accountable for the significant difference (p<0.05). A more detailed observation of bone area distribution revealed a bony accumulation in a radius of +/- 500 µm around the implant surface after remodeling. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) increased significantly (p<0.05) from 4 to 12 weeks (PI 26.23 % to 42.68 %; SI 28.44 % to 47.47 %) for both types of implants. Due to different surface properties, however, PI had a significant (p<0.05) larger absolute osseous contact (mm) to the implant circumference compared to the SI (4 weeks: 7.46 mm vs 5.72 mm; 12 weeks: 11.57 mm vs 9.52 mm [PI vs. SI]). The regional influences (trabecular vs. cortical) on bone formation and the intraporous distribution were also presented. Conclusively, the porous structure and surface properties of PI enable a successful and regular osseointegration and enhance the bony fixation compared to solid implants under experim ental conditions. PMID:33973645 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-342 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical and diagnostic value of the combination of lymphocyte count and creatine kinase in the detection of coronavirus 2019

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical and diagnostic value of the combination of lymphocyte count and creatine kinase in the detection of coronavirus 2019 Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):641. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10073. Epub 2021 Apr 16. ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic efficiency of the absolute number of lymphocytes (LYM) and creatine kinase (CK) levels in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this, the clinical data from 84 patients with COVID-19 admitted to Tianjin Haihe Hospital (Tianjin, China) between January and February 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into the following groups: The common COVID-19 group (n=61) and severe COVID-19 group (n=23). In addition, 30 healthy subjects were included as a control group. The results demonstrated that the percentage of neutrophils (NEU%) was significantly increased, while the absolute number of white blood cells, LYM and the percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%) were significantly decreased in patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, in the severe group, the absolute number of red blood c ells in female patients, the NEU%, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were markedly elevated, while those of LYM and LYM% were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). In addition, in the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis for the combination of LYM + CK, the area under the curve values were 0.96 and 1.00, with a sensitivity of 95.08 and 100%, specificity of 86.67 and 100% and cut-off values of 0.42 and 0.50 for the common and severe COVID-19 group, respectively. The results indicated that the diagnostic efficiency of LYM + CK was higher than that of each single factor. Finally, a moderate correlation of lactate dehydrogenase with CRP and NLR (r=0.492 and 0.433, respectively; both P<0.05) was obtained. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that the values of LYM and CK were associated with the progression of COVID-19, suggesting that the combination of both factors may be of clin ical diagnostic value for COVID-19. PMID:33968172 | PMC:PMC8097235 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10073 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Facing coronavirus disease 2019: What do we know so far? (Review)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Facing coronavirus disease 2019: What do we know so far? (Review) Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):658. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10090. Epub 2021 Apr 20. ABSTRACT Although the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which originated in China, as a public health emergency of international concern as early as January 30, 2020, the current COVID-19 epidemic is spreading rapidly. As of April 19, 2020, total of 2,392,165 confirmed cases had been reported in 211 countries and regions, with 614,421 (25.68%) cured cases and 164,391 (6.87%) deaths. Scientists and clinicians have made great efforts to learn much about COVID-19 so that it can be controlled as soon as possible. Herein, this review will discuss the epidemiology, pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 based on the current evidence. PMID:33968188 | PMC:PMC8097225 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10090 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

lncRNA NORAD promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via targeting of miR-155-5p

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader lncRNA NORAD promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via targeting of miR-155-5p Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):645. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10077. Epub 2021 Apr 18. ABSTRACT Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in teens. Non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been reported to be involved in cancer biology, although its role in OS remains largely unknown. In the present study reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression levels of NORAD and miR-155-5p in samples from patients with OS. OS cell lines (Saos-2 and U2OS) were used as cell models. The biological influence of NORAD on OS cells was studied in vitro using Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays. The interaction between NORAD and miR-155-5p was clarified by bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. NORAD was significantly increased in OS samples in comparison with controls, while miR-155-5p was reduced. Knockdown of NORAD and transfection of miR-155-5p mimics markedly inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of OS cells. There was a negative correlation between NORAD and miR-155-5p expression levels in OS samples. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that the NORAD/miR-155-5p axis played a crucial role in regulating the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. It is hypothesized that NORAD and miR-155-5p may serve as potential novel therapeutic targets for OS management. PMID:33968176 | PMC:PMC8097224 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10077 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.