Publication date: March 2018
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 61
Author(s): Nikolaos Kondilopoulos, Elissavet N. Rousanoglou, Konstantinos D. Boudolos
The STW execution at motion speed faster than normal most possibly enhances the risk for balance loss due to the increase in body segment accelerations. The purpose of the study was to use inertial sensing to examine the effect of motion speed on the STW segmental kinematics and its temporal events. Eighteen young men (20.7 ± 2.0 years) performed STW trials at preferred (PS) and fast (FS) motion speed. Data were collected with Xsens inertial sensors positioned at the trunk, thigh, shank, and foot segments. The maximum segmental values of angular displacement, angular velocity and linear acceleration, the duration of total STW (ttotal), the absolute and relative (% ttotal) phase duration (Flexion, Transition, Extension, Walking) and, the absolute and relative time taken to reach each maximum value were determined. In FS, ttotal and the absolute phase duration (except for Transition), were all significantly shorter (p = 0.000). The relative phase duration was not altered (p > 0.05), except for the Extension shortening (p = 0.001). The maximum angular displacement was altered only for the thigh (decreased, p = 0.038) and shank (increased, p = 0.004). Maximum angular velocities and linear accelerations were all significantly increased (p = 0.000 for all). The absolute time to reach the maximum values shortened in FS (p ≤ 0.05), while, the relative times were not altered (p > 0.05), except for the delayed trunk maximum angular displacement (p = 0.039). Inertial sensing appears to identify the motion speed effect on STW segmental kinematics and their temporal events in healthy young men. The results of the study may contribute improving the preventive or rehabilitation interventions in persons with impaired postural control.
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Τρίτη 9 Ιανουαρίου 2018
Longitudinal joint loading in patients before and up to one year after unilateral total hip arthroplasty
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 61
Author(s): Mariska Wesseling, Christophe Meyer, Kristoff Corten, Kaat Desloovere, Ilse Jonkers
Abnormal kinematics and kinetics have been reported in hip osteoarthritis (OA) patients before and after total hip arthroplasty (THA). These changes can affect the loading of the ipsilateral hip, as well as the contralateral hip and knee joint. As it is not clear how hip and knee loading evolves in THA patients during the first year after surgery, the goal of this study is to define how joint loading changes in patients before and at three evaluation times after THA surgery. Musculoskeletal modelling in combination with gait analysis data was used to calculate hip and knee contact forces in 14 patients before and 3-, 6- and 12-months after unilateral THA, as well as in 18 healthy controls. Results showed that bilateral hip and knee loading were decreased compared to controls, both before and after THA surgery. Loading symmetry was altered compared to controls at 3-months post-surgery for the hip and at all evaluation times, except for 6-months post-surgery, for the knee, with ipsilateral joint loading decreased compared to the contralateral side. To conclude, 12-months after THA joint loading was not normalized, with both hip and knee loading in patients decreased compared to controls. Therefore, no overloading of the ipsi- or contralateral hip and knee joint was found before and up to one year after unilateral THA.
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Oncomodulin Expression Reveals New Insights into the Cellular Organization of the Murine Utricle Striola
Abstract
Oncomodulin (OCM, aka β-parvalbumin) is an EF-hand calcium binding protein that is expressed in a restricted set of hair cells in the peristriolar region of the mammalian utricle. In the present study, we determined the topologic distribution of OCM among hair cell phenotypes to advance our understanding of the cellular organization of the striola and the relationship of these phenotypes with characteristics of tissue polarity. The distributions of OCM-positive (OCM+) hair cells were quantified in utricles of mature C57Bl/6 mice. Immunohistochemistry was conducted using antibodies to OCM, calretinin, and β3-tubulin. Fluorophore-conjugated phalloidin was used to label hair cell stereocilia, which provided the basis for determining hair cell counts and morphologic polarizations. We found OCM expression in striolar types I and II hair cells, though the distributions were dissimilar to the native striolar type I and II distributions, favoring type I hair cells. The distribution of OCM immunoreactivity among striolar type I hair cells also reflected nonrandom distribution among type Ic and Id phenotypes (i.e., those receiving calretinin-positive and calretinin-negative calyces, respectively). However, many OCM+ hair cells were found lateral to the striola, and within the epithelial region encompassing OCM+ hair cells, the distributions of OCM+ types Ic and Id hair cells were similar to the native distributions of Ic and Id in this region. Summarily, these data provide a quantitative perspective supporting the existence of different underlying factors driving the topologic expression of OCM in hair cells than those responsible for tissue polarity characteristics associated within the utricular striola, including calretinin expression in afferent calyces.
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Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on Surgical Resection for the Treatment of Patients With Vestibular Schwannomas.
Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on Surgical Resection for the Treatment of Patients With Vestibular Schwannomas.
Neurosurgery. 2017 Dec 20;:
Authors: Hadjipanayis CG, Carlson ML, Link MJ, Rayan TA, Parish J, Atkins T, Asher AL, Dunn IF, Corrales CE, Van Gompel JJ, Sughrue M, Olson JJ
Abstract
QUESTION 1: What surgical approaches for vestibular schwannomas (VS) are best for complete resection and facial nerve (FN) preservation when serviceable hearing is present?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support the superiority of either the middle fossa (MF) or the retrosigmoid (RS) approach for complete VS resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is present.
QUESTION 2: Which surgical approach (RS or translabyrinthine [TL]) for VS is best for complete resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is not present?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support the superiority of either the RS or the TL approach for complete VS resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is not present.
QUESTION 3: Does VS size matter for facial and vestibulocochlear nerve preservation with surgical resection?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Patients with larger VS tumor size should be counseled about the greater than average risk of loss of serviceable hearing.
QUESTION 4: Should small intracanalicular tumors (<1.5 cm) be surgically resected?
RECOMMENDATION: There are insufficient data to support a firm recommendation that surgery be the primary treatment for this subclass of VSs.
QUESTION 5: Is hearing preservation routinely possible with VS surgical resection when serviceable hearing is present?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Hearing preservation surgery via the MF or the RS approach may be attempted in patients with small tumor size (<1.5 cm) and good preoperative hearing.
QUESTION 6: When should surgical resection be the initial treatment in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence that surgical resection should be the initial treatment in patients with NF2.
QUESTION 7: Does a multidisciplinary team, consisting of neurosurgery and neurotology, provides the best outcomes of complete resection and facial/vestibulocochlear nerve preservation for patients undergoing resection of VSs?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support stating that a multidisciplinary team, usually consisting of a neurosurgeon and a neurotologist, provides superior outcomes compared to either subspecialist working alone.
QUESTION 8: Does a subtotal surgical resection of a VS followed by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to the residual tumor provide comparable hearing and FN preservation to patients who undergo a complete surgical resection?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support subtotal resection (STR) followed by SRS provides comparable hearing and FN preservation to patients who undergo a complete surgical resection.
QUESTION 9: Does surgical resection of VS treat preoperative balance problems more effectively than SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support either surgical resection or SRS for treatment of preoperative balance problems.
QUESTION 10: Does surgical resection of VS treat preoperative trigeminal neuralgia more effectively than SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Surgical resection of VSs may be used to better relieve symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia than SRS.
QUESTION 11: Is surgical resection of VSs more difficult (associated with higher facial neuropathies and STR rates) after initial treatment with SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: If microsurgical resection is necessary after SRS, it is recommended that patients be counseled that there is an increased likelihood of a STR and decreased FN function. The full guideline can be found at: http://ift.tt/2CVD7JB.
PMID: 29309632 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy Program on Sensory Organization of Deaf Children With Bilateral Vestibular Dysfunction.
| Related Articles |
The Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy Program on Sensory Organization of Deaf Children With Bilateral Vestibular Dysfunction.
Acta Med Iran. 2017 Nov;55(11):683-689
Authors: Ebrahimi AA, Jamshidi AA, Movallali G, Rahgozar M, Haghgoo HA
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vestibular rehabilitation therapy program on the sensory organization of deaf children with bilateral vestibular dysfunction. This cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted on 24 students between the age of 7 and 12 years (6 girls and 18 boys) with the profound sensorineural hearing loss (PTA>90 dB). They were assessed through the balance subtest in Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency (BOTMP). For children which the total score of the balance subtest was 3 standard deviation lower than their peers with typical development, vestibular function testing was completed pre-intervention. Posturography Sensory organization testing (SOT) was completed pre- and post-intervention with SPS (Synapsys, Marseille, France). Children with bilateral vestibular impairment were randomly assigned to either the exercise or control group. Exercise intervention consisted of compensatory training, emphasizing enhancement of visual and somatosensory function, and balance training. The exercise group entered in vestibular rehabilitation therapy program for 8 weeks. The children initially participating in the control group were provided the exercise intervention following the post-test. Based on the results there was significant difference in condition 5 and 6, areas of limits of stability (LOS), vestibular ratio and global score in posturography at the end of the intervention, but there was no significant difference in the control group in posturography (P<0.05). The results indicated that testing of vestibular, and postural control function, as well as intervention for deficiencies identified, should be included in deaf children rehabilitation program.
PMID: 29307157 [PubMed - in process]
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Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on Surgical Resection for the Treatment of Patients With Vestibular Schwannomas.
Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on Surgical Resection for the Treatment of Patients With Vestibular Schwannomas.
Neurosurgery. 2017 Dec 20;:
Authors: Hadjipanayis CG, Carlson ML, Link MJ, Rayan TA, Parish J, Atkins T, Asher AL, Dunn IF, Corrales CE, Van Gompel JJ, Sughrue M, Olson JJ
Abstract
QUESTION 1: What surgical approaches for vestibular schwannomas (VS) are best for complete resection and facial nerve (FN) preservation when serviceable hearing is present?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support the superiority of either the middle fossa (MF) or the retrosigmoid (RS) approach for complete VS resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is present.
QUESTION 2: Which surgical approach (RS or translabyrinthine [TL]) for VS is best for complete resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is not present?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support the superiority of either the RS or the TL approach for complete VS resection and FN preservation when serviceable hearing is not present.
QUESTION 3: Does VS size matter for facial and vestibulocochlear nerve preservation with surgical resection?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Patients with larger VS tumor size should be counseled about the greater than average risk of loss of serviceable hearing.
QUESTION 4: Should small intracanalicular tumors (<1.5 cm) be surgically resected?
RECOMMENDATION: There are insufficient data to support a firm recommendation that surgery be the primary treatment for this subclass of VSs.
QUESTION 5: Is hearing preservation routinely possible with VS surgical resection when serviceable hearing is present?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Hearing preservation surgery via the MF or the RS approach may be attempted in patients with small tumor size (<1.5 cm) and good preoperative hearing.
QUESTION 6: When should surgical resection be the initial treatment in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence that surgical resection should be the initial treatment in patients with NF2.
QUESTION 7: Does a multidisciplinary team, consisting of neurosurgery and neurotology, provides the best outcomes of complete resection and facial/vestibulocochlear nerve preservation for patients undergoing resection of VSs?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support stating that a multidisciplinary team, usually consisting of a neurosurgeon and a neurotologist, provides superior outcomes compared to either subspecialist working alone.
QUESTION 8: Does a subtotal surgical resection of a VS followed by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to the residual tumor provide comparable hearing and FN preservation to patients who undergo a complete surgical resection?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support subtotal resection (STR) followed by SRS provides comparable hearing and FN preservation to patients who undergo a complete surgical resection.
QUESTION 9: Does surgical resection of VS treat preoperative balance problems more effectively than SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: There is insufficient evidence to support either surgical resection or SRS for treatment of preoperative balance problems.
QUESTION 10: Does surgical resection of VS treat preoperative trigeminal neuralgia more effectively than SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: Surgical resection of VSs may be used to better relieve symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia than SRS.
QUESTION 11: Is surgical resection of VSs more difficult (associated with higher facial neuropathies and STR rates) after initial treatment with SRS?
RECOMMENDATION: Level 3: If microsurgical resection is necessary after SRS, it is recommended that patients be counseled that there is an increased likelihood of a STR and decreased FN function. The full guideline can be found at: http://ift.tt/2CVD7JB.
PMID: 29309632 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy Program on Sensory Organization of Deaf Children With Bilateral Vestibular Dysfunction.
| Related Articles |
The Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy Program on Sensory Organization of Deaf Children With Bilateral Vestibular Dysfunction.
Acta Med Iran. 2017 Nov;55(11):683-689
Authors: Ebrahimi AA, Jamshidi AA, Movallali G, Rahgozar M, Haghgoo HA
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vestibular rehabilitation therapy program on the sensory organization of deaf children with bilateral vestibular dysfunction. This cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted on 24 students between the age of 7 and 12 years (6 girls and 18 boys) with the profound sensorineural hearing loss (PTA>90 dB). They were assessed through the balance subtest in Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency (BOTMP). For children which the total score of the balance subtest was 3 standard deviation lower than their peers with typical development, vestibular function testing was completed pre-intervention. Posturography Sensory organization testing (SOT) was completed pre- and post-intervention with SPS (Synapsys, Marseille, France). Children with bilateral vestibular impairment were randomly assigned to either the exercise or control group. Exercise intervention consisted of compensatory training, emphasizing enhancement of visual and somatosensory function, and balance training. The exercise group entered in vestibular rehabilitation therapy program for 8 weeks. The children initially participating in the control group were provided the exercise intervention following the post-test. Based on the results there was significant difference in condition 5 and 6, areas of limits of stability (LOS), vestibular ratio and global score in posturography at the end of the intervention, but there was no significant difference in the control group in posturography (P<0.05). The results indicated that testing of vestibular, and postural control function, as well as intervention for deficiencies identified, should be included in deaf children rehabilitation program.
PMID: 29307157 [PubMed - in process]
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