Academy of Doctors Audiology Announce Keynotes for AuDACITY 2016

The Academy of Doctors of Audiology (ADA) is already gearing up for its annual conference in November.

They recently announced Michael H. Cohen, Esq., and Karl Mecklenburg will deliver keynote presentations at AuDACITY 2016.

Mr. Cohen is an attorney and writer who counsels leaders in medicine, health care, and wellness. The Academy calls him the go-to speaker for businesses and organizations bringing disruptive products and services to market.

Mr. Mecklenburg is a former National Football League (NFL) athlete who's appeared in three Super Bowls. His resume also includes author and speaker, and he delivers stories that are humorous and inspiring, according to the Academy.

For more information on ADA's annual conference, visit http://ift.tt/1MgHM8I. 

Published: 3/18/2016 9:58:00 AM

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Academy of Doctors Audiology Announce Keynotes for AuDACITY 2016

The Academy of Doctors of Audiology (ADA) is already gearing up for its annual conference in November.

They recently announced Michael H. Cohen, Esq., and Karl Mecklenburg will deliver keynote presentations at AuDACITY 2016.

Mr. Cohen is an attorney and writer who counsels leaders in medicine, health care, and wellness. The Academy calls him the go-to speaker for businesses and organizations bringing disruptive products and services to market.

Mr. Mecklenburg is a former National Football League (NFL) athlete who's appeared in three Super Bowls. His resume also includes author and speaker, and he delivers stories that are humorous and inspiring, according to the Academy.

For more information on ADA's annual conference, visit http://ift.tt/1MgHM8I. 

Published: 3/18/2016 9:58:00 AM

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1nWALyl
via IFTTT

Academy of Doctors Audiology Announce Keynotes for AuDACITY 2016

The Academy of Doctors of Audiology (ADA) is already gearing up for its annual conference in November.

They recently announced Michael H. Cohen, Esq., and Karl Mecklenburg will deliver keynote presentations at AuDACITY 2016.

Mr. Cohen is an attorney and writer who counsels leaders in medicine, health care, and wellness. The Academy calls him the go-to speaker for businesses and organizations bringing disruptive products and services to market.

Mr. Mecklenburg is a former National Football League (NFL) athlete who's appeared in three Super Bowls. His resume also includes author and speaker, and he delivers stories that are humorous and inspiring, according to the Academy.

For more information on ADA's annual conference, visit http://ift.tt/1MgHM8I. 

Published: 3/18/2016 9:58:00 AM

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Spatial Stream Segregation by Cats

Abstract

Listeners can perceive interleaved sequences of sounds from two or more sources as segregated streams. In humans, physical separation of sound sources is a major factor enabling such stream segregation. Here, we examine spatial stream segregation with a psychophysical measure in domestic cats. Cats depressed a pedal to initiate a target sequence of brief sound bursts in a particular rhythm and then released the pedal when the rhythm changed. The target bursts were interleaved with a competing sequence of bursts that could differ in source location but otherwise were identical to the target bursts. This task was possible only when the sources were heard as segregated streams. When the sound bursts had broad spectra, cats could detect the rhythm change when target and competing sources were separated by as little as 9.4°. Essentially equal levels of performance were observed when frequencies were restricted to a high, 4-to-25-kHz, band in which the principal spatial cues presumably were related to sound levels. When the stimulus band was restricted from 0.4 to 1.6 kHz, leaving interaural time differences as the principal spatial cue, performance was severely degraded. The frequency sensitivity of cats in this task contrasts with that of humans, who show better spatial stream segregation with low- than with high-frequency sounds. Possible explanations for the species difference includes the smaller interaural delays available to cats due to smaller sizes of their heads and the potentially greater sound-level cues available due to the cat’s frontally directed pinnae and higher audible frequency range.

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In-shoe plantar pressure distribution and lower extremity muscle activity patterns of backward compared to forward running on a treadmill

Publication date: Available online 18 March 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Thorsten Sterzing, Clivia Frommhold, Dieter Rosenbaum
ObjectiveBackward locomotion in humans occurs during leisure, rehabilitation, and competitive sports. Little is known about its general biomechanical characteristics and how it affects lower extremity loading as well as muscle coordination. Thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze in-shoe plantar pressure patterns and lower extremity muscle activity patterns for backward compared to forward running.MethodsOn a treadmill, nineteen runners performed forward running at their individually preferred speed, followed by backward running at 70% of their self-selected forward speed. In-shoe plantar pressures of nine foot regions and muscular activity of nine lower extremity muscles were recorded simultaneously over a one-minute interval. Backward and forward running variables were averaged over the accumulated steps and compared with Wilcoxon-signed rank tests (p<0.05).ResultsFor backward compared to forward running, in-shoe plantar pressure distribution showed a load increase under metatarsal heads I and II, as well as under the medial midfoot. This was indicated by higher maximum forces and peak pressures, and by longer contact times. Muscle activity showed significantly higher mean amplitudes during backward running in the semitendinosus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and gluteus medius during stance, and in the rectus femoris during swing phase, while significantly lower mean amplitudes were observed in the tibialis anterior during swing phase.ConclusionObservations indicate plantar foot loading and muscle activity characteristics that are specific for the running direction. Thus, backward running may be used on purpose for certain rehabilitation tasks, aiming to strengthen respective lower extremity muscles. Furthermore, the findings are relevant for sport specific backward locomotion training. Finally, results provide an initial baseline for innovative athletic footwear development aiming to increase comfort and performance during backward running.

Graphical abstract

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Biomechanical strategies implemented to compensate for mild leg length discrepancy during gait

Publication date: Available online 18 March 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Renan A. Resende, Renata N. Kirkwood, Kevin J. Deluzio, Silvia Cabral, Sérgio T. Fonseca
Although mild leg length discrepancy is related to lower limb injuries, there is no consensus regarding its effects on the biomechanics of the lower limbs during gait. Biomechanical data of 19 healthy participants were collected while they walked under different conditions as described: (1) control condition - wearing flat thick sandals; (2) short limb condition - wearing a flat thick sandal on the left and a flat thin sandal on the right foot; (3) long limb condition: wearing flat thin sandal on the left and flat thick sandal on the right foot. The thick and thin sandals had 1.45cm of mean thickness difference. The right lower limb data were analyzed for all conditions. Ankle, knee, hip and pelvis kinematics and internal moments were measured with a motion capture system and six force platforms. Principal component analysis was used to compare differences between conditions. The scores of the principal components were compared between conditions using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Twelve gait variables were different between conditions: rearfoot dorsiflexion and inversion (p<0.001); ankle dorsiflexion and inversion moments (p<0.001); knee flexion angle and moment (p<0.001); knee adduction moment (p<0.001); hip flexion angle and moment (p<0.001); hip adduction angle (p=0.001) and moment (p=0.022); and pelvic ipsilateral drop (p<0.001). Mild leg length discrepancy caused compensatory changes during gait, apparently to equalize the functional length of the lower limbs. However, these strategies did not fully succeed, since both short and long limb conditions affected pelvic motion in the frontal plane. These results suggest that mild leg length discrepancy should not be overlooked in clinical settings.



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In-shoe plantar pressure distribution and lower extremity muscle activity patterns of backward compared to forward running on a treadmill

Publication date: Available online 18 March 2016
Source:Gait & Posture
Author(s): Thorsten Sterzing, Clivia Frommhold, Dieter Rosenbaum
ObjectiveBackward locomotion in humans occurs during leisure, rehabilitation, and competitive sports. Little is known about its general biomechanical characteristics and how it affects lower extremity loading as well as muscle coordination. Thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze in-shoe plantar pressure patterns and lower extremity muscle activity patterns for backward compared to forward running.MethodsOn a treadmill, nineteen runners performed forward running at their individually preferred speed, followed by backward running at 70% of their self-selected forward speed. In-shoe plantar pressures of nine foot regions and muscular activity of nine lower extremity muscles were recorded simultaneously over a one-minute interval. Backward and forward running variables were averaged over the accumulated steps and compared with Wilcoxon-signed rank tests (p<0.05).ResultsFor backward compared to forward running, in-shoe plantar pressure distribution showed a load increase under metatarsal heads I and II, as well as under the medial midfoot. This was indicated by higher maximum forces and peak pressures, and by longer contact times. Muscle activity showed significantly higher mean amplitudes during backward running in the semitendinosus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and gluteus medius during stance, and in the rectus femoris during swing phase, while significantly lower mean amplitudes were observed in the tibialis anterior during swing phase.ConclusionObservations indicate plantar foot loading and muscle activity characteristics that are specific for the running direction. Thus, backward running may be used on purpose for certain rehabilitation tasks, aiming to strengthen respective lower extremity muscles. Furthermore, the findings are relevant for sport specific backward locomotion training. Finally, results provide an initial baseline for innovative athletic footwear development aiming to increase comfort and performance during backward running.

Graphical abstract

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